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Honors Alg 2 > Final Vocab > Flashcards

Final Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

Arithmetic sequence

A

a sequence in which the difference of consecutive terms is constant

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2
Q

asymptote

A

a line that a graph approaches more and more closely

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3
Q

change of base formula

A

log base a is equal to log base d of a divided log base of b

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4
Q

circle

A

A round plain figure whose boundary consists of points equidistant from a fixed point

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5
Q

combined variation

A

situation where a variable depends on two or more other variables

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6
Q

Common difference

A

The constant difference d between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence

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7
Q

common logarithm

A

a logarithm with base 10, denoted as log base 10 or simply by log

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8
Q

common ratio

A

The constant ratio r between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

completing the square

A

To add a term c to an expression of the form x2+bx such that x2+bx+c is a perfect square trinomial

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10
Q

complex conjugates

A

Pairs of complex numbers of the forms a+bi and a-bi, where b is not =0

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11
Q

complex fraction

A

A fraction that contains a fraction in its numerator or denominator

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12
Q

complex number

A

A number written in the form a+bi, where a and b are real numbers

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13
Q

composition of functions

A

An operation that can be preformed with two functions

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14
Q

compound inequality

A

A sentence with two inequality statements joined by ¨or¨ or ¨and¨

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15
Q

conic section

A

a figure formed by the intersection of a plane and a right circular cone

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16
Q

consistent

A

a linear or nonlinear system of equations

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17
Q

constant of variation

A

The constant a in the inverse variation equation y=a/x, where a is not =0

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18
Q

continuous relation

A

A set of data is said to be continuous if the values belonging to the set can take on ANY value within a finite or infinite interval

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19
Q

correlation coefficient

A

A number r from -1 to 1 that measures how well a line fits a set of data pairs

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20
Q

Dependent

A

Number that depends on the value of another number

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21
Q

dimensions of a matrix

A

m rows and n columns are m by n

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22
Q

direct variation

A

simple relationship between two variables

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23
Q

discriminant

A

The expression b2-4ac in the Quadratic Formula

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24
Q

ellipse

A

a regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points is constant

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25
End behavior
The behavior of the graph of a function as x approaches positive infinity or negative infinity
26
exponential equation
Equations in which variable expressions occur as exponents
27
extraneous solution
Solutions that are not solutions of the original equation
28
extrema
maximum or minimum value of a function
29
Factor Theorem
thereom linking factors and zeros of a polynomial
30
Finite sequence
a list of terms in a specific order
31
Function
an equation that only has one answer for y for every x
32
geometric sequence
A sequence in which the ratio of any term to the previous term is constant
33
greatest integer function
a function that returns a constant value for each specific interval
34
growth factor
the value of b in an exponential growth function of the form y=abx, where a>0 and b>1
35
Hyperbola
a symmetrical open curve formed by the intersection of a circular cone with a plane at a smaller angle with its axis than the side of the cone
36
Identity function
a function that always returns the same value that was used as its argument
37
Imaginary Unit
a solution to the quadratic equation x2 + 1 = 0
38
Inconsistent
two or more equations that are impossible to solve based on using one set of values for the variables
39
Independent
a variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment
40
Infinite sequence
a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integers
41
Interval notation
a way to describe continuous sets of real numbers by the numbers that bound them
42
Inverse function
a function that "reverses" another function
43
Inverse relation
set of ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function
44
Inverse variation
mathematical relationship between two variables which can be expressed by an equation in which the product of two variables is equal to a constant
45
Joint variation
a situation where one variable depends on two (or more) other variables, and varies directly as each of them when the others are held constant
46
latus rectom
the chord through the focus, and parallel to the directrix
47
Linear programming
a method to achieve the best outcome in a mathematical model whose requirements are represented by linear relationships
48
Logarithm
a quantity representing the power to which a fixed number (the base) must be raised to produce a given number
49
Logistic growth model
approximately exponential at first, but it has a reduced rate of growth as the output approaches the model's upper bound, called the carrying capacity
50
Matrix
a matrix is a rectangular array or table of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns
51
nth root
a number y which when raised to the power n, obtains x: yⁿ = x
52
Natural logarithm
a logarithm to the base e
53
Negative exponent
means how many times to divide by the number
54
Parabola
a symmetrical open plane curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to its side. The path of a projectile under the influence of gravity ideally follows a curve of this shape
55
Parent function
the simplest function of a family of functions that preserves the definition of the entire family
56
Piece-wise defined function
a function defined by multiple sub-functions, where each sub-function applies to a different interval in the domain
57
Point-slope form
the equation of a straight line in the form y — y1 = m(x — x1)
58
Quadratic function
a function of degree two
59
Radicand
The value inside the radical symbol
60
Rate of change
a rate that describes how one quantity changes in relation to another quantity
61
Rational exponent
an exponent that is a fraction
62
Rational function
any function which can be written as the ratio of two polynomial functions, where the polynomial in the denominator is not equal to zero
63
Rationalizing the denominator
to eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator such as square roots and cube roots
64
Recursive formula
a formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding term(s)
65
Regression line
simply a single line that best fits the data
66
Relative maximum
a point where the function changes direction from increasing to decreasing
67
Relative minimum
all the points x, in the domain of the function, such that it is the smallest value for some neighborhood
68
Root
Where a function equals zero
69
Scatter plot
A graph of plotted points that show the relationship between two sets of data
70
Sequence
an enumerated collection of objects in which repetitions are allowed and order matters
71
Set-builder notation
a mathematical notation for describing a set by enumerating its elements, or stating the properties that its members must satisfy
72
Step function
a function that increases or decreases abruptly from one constant value to another
73
Synthetic division
a method for manually performing Euclidean division of polynomials, with less writing and fewer calculations than long division
74
Vertex form
y = a(x – h)2 + k, where (h, k) is the vertex
75
Vertical line test
a method that is used to determine whether a given relation is a function or not
76
Zeros
the values of x when f(x) is equal to 0

Honors Alg 2 (1 decks)

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