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Algebra II > Final Vocab > Flashcards

Final Vocab Flashcards

(75 cards)

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1
Q

arithmetic sequence

A

sequence where the difference between each term is constant

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2
Q

asymptote

A

a line that continually approaches a given curve but does not meet it

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3
Q

change of base formula

A

log base b of a = log base d of a / log base d of b

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4
Q

circle

A

2D shape where all outer points are the same distance from the center

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5
Q

combined variation

A

when a variable depends on two or more other variables, and varies directly with some of them and varies inversely with others

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6
Q

common difference

A

constant difference between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence

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7
Q

common logarithm

A

logarithm with base 10

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8
Q

common ratio

A

constant factor between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

completing the square

A

converting a quadratic trinomial to a binomial squared

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10
Q

complex conjugates

A

a pair of complex numbers a+bi and a-bi

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11
Q

complex fraction

A

a fraction that contains a fraction

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12
Q

complex number

A

any number that can be written in the form a+bi

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13
Q

composition of functions

A

operation between two functions

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14
Q

compound inequality

A

two inequalities joined by AND or OR

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15
Q

conic section

A

curve produced at the intersection of a cone and a plane; hyperbola, parabola, ellipse

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16
Q

consistent

A

a system of equations with at least one solution

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17
Q

constant of variation

A

number that relates two or more variables that are directly proportional, inversely proportional, or jointly proportional

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18
Q

continuous relation

A

data points connected by a line

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19
Q

correlation coefficient

A

a number between -1 and +1 that represents the linear dependence of two variables

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20
Q

dependent

A

the variable that changes based on the independent variable being changed

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21
Q

dimensions of a matrix

A

number of rows and columns in a matrix

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22
Q

direct variation

A

a simple relationship between two variables; when one variable increases, the other one does too

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23
Q

discriminant

A

part of the quadratic formula under the square root (b^2-4ac); positive: two real, zero: one solution, negative: two imaginary/complex roots

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24
Q

ellipse

A

regular oval shape where the sum of the distances between any point on the edge and the two foci is the same all the way around

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25
end behavior
behavior of a graph as x approaches positive infinity or negative infinity
26
exponential equation
equations where variables occur as exponents
27
extraneous solution
root of an equation that does not fit into the original equation
28
extrema
maximum or minimum value of a function
29
factor theorem
zero product property
30
finite sequence
list of terms in order with a first term and a last term following a certain pattern
31
function
relation between two variables
32
geometric sequence
sequence of numbers where each term is multiplied by a common ratio to get the next term
33
greatest integer function
function that returns a constant value for each specific interval
34
growth factor
factor by which a quantity multiplies itself over time
35
hyperbola
set of all points such that the difference of the distances between a point and the foci is constant
36
identity function
function that always outputs the same value input
37
imaginary unit
square root of -1
38
inconsistent
a system of equations with no solutions
39
independent
a consistent system of equations with exactly one solution
40
interval notation
a way to describe continuous sets of real numbers using parentheses/brackets and the numbers on each extreme
41
inverse function
represented as f of -1 and found by switching the x and y in a function and solving for y
42
inverse relation
a set of ordered pairs where the x and y values from the original set are swapped
43
inverse variation
a relation between two variables where one variable increase as the other decreases, and vice versa
44
joint variation
a relation where one variable depends on two or more other variables, and varies directly as each of them when the others are held constant
45
latus rectum
chord that passes through the focus of a conic section and is parallel to the directrix
46
linear programming
a method to achieve the best outcome in a mathematical model whose requirements are represented by linear relationships
47
logarithm
a quantity representing the power to which the base must be raised to produce a given number
48
logistic growth model
s shaped curve
49
matrix
a rectangular array of values for which operations such as addition and multiplication are defined
50
nth root
the nth root of x is r
51
natural logarithm
logarithm to the base e
52
negative exponent
flips the base
53
parabola
symmetrical curve formed by the intersection of a cone with a plane parallel to its side
54
parent function
simplest function of a family of functions that preserves the definition of the entire family
55
piece-wise defined function
a function that is defined by two or more equations
56
point-slope form
y-y1=m(x-x1)
57
quadratic function
a polynomial function in which the highest-degree term is of the second degree
58
radicand
the value inside the radical symbol
59
rate of change
a rate that describes how one quantity changes in relation to another quantity
60
rational exponent
an exponent that is a function
61
rational function
any function which can be defined by a rational fraction
62
rationalizing the denominator
eliminating any radical expressions in the denominator
63
recursive formula
a formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding terms and must always state the initial term
64
regression line
line of best fit
65
relative maximum
the highest point in a particular section of a graph
66
relative minimum
the lowest point in a particular section of a graph
67
root
values of a variable for which a polynomial equals zero
68
scatter plot
a graph in which the values of two variables are plotted along two axes, showing any correlation present between them
69
sequence
a list of numbers in a specific order
70
set-builder notation
describes a set by stating the properties it must satisfy
71
step function
a piece-wise constant function having only finitely many pieces
72
synthetic division
dividing polynomials using less writing and calculation than long division
73
vertex form
y=a(x-h)^2+k, where (h,k) is the vertex
74
vertical line test
method to determine whether a relation is a function or not
75
zeros
a value of x that, when plugged into a function, outputs zero

Algebra II (1 decks)

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