Final vocab test

Question 1

Unconscious

Answer 1

A reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories.

Information processing of which we are unaware

Question 2

Psychoanalysis

Answer 2

personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts

Question 3

Psychosexual stages

Answer 3

The childhood stages of development
(oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) during which, the id’s pleasure - seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones.

Question 4

Oedipus [Ed-uh-puss] complex

Answer 4

A boy’s sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father.

Question 5

Fixation

Answer 5

a lingering focus of pleasure - seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage, in which conflicts were unresolved

Question 6

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 6

In psychoanalytic theory, the ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

Question 7

Drive - reduction theory

Answer 7

the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need

Question 8

Repression

Answer 8

the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety - arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness

Question 9

Projective test

Answer 9

a personality test that provides ambiguous stimuli designed to trigger projection of one’s inner dynamics

Question 10

Rorschach Inkblot test

Answer 10

a set of 10 ink blots, designed to identify peoples inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots

Question 11

self-actualization

Answer 11

the motivation to fulfill one’s potential

Question 12

unconditional positive regard

Answer 12

attitude of total acceptance toward another person

Question 13

self-concept

Answer 13

thoughts and feelings about ourselves

Question 14

personality inventory

Answer 14

questionnaire used to assess selected personality traits

Question 15

Empirically derived test

Answer 15

A test developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups.

Question 16

social-cognitive perspective

Answer 16

views behavior as influenced by interaction between peoples traits

Question 17

reciprocal determination

Answer 17

interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition and environment.

Question 18

learned helplessness

Answer 18

hopeless resignation learned when unable to avoid repeated adverse events

Question 19

positive psychology

Answer 19

study of optimal human functioning

Question 20

self

Answer 20

the center of personality, organizer of our thought and feelings

Question 21

spotlight effect

Answer 21

overestimating others noticing and evaluating us.

Question 22

self-serving bias

Answer 22

readiness to perceive oneself favorably

Question 23

general adaption syndrome

Answer 23

adaptive response to stress in three phases

alarm, resistance, exhaustion

Question 24

coronary heart disease

Answer 24

clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle

Question 25

Type A

Answer 25

term for competitive hard-driving, impatient, anger-prone people

Question 26

Type B

Answer 26

term for easygoing relaxed people

Question 27

social psychology

Answer 27

study of how we think about, are influenced by and relate to one another.

Question 28

Attribution theory

Answer 28

the theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either situation or persons disposition.

Question 29

fundamental attribution error

Answer 29

the tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition

Question 30

attitude

Answer 30

feelings that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events

Question 31

central route persuasion

Answer 31

attitude - change path in which interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts

Question 32

Peripheral route persuasion

Answer 32

attitude - change path in which people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speakers attractiveness

Question 33

foot in the door phenomenon

Answer 33

the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request

Question 34

role

Answer 34

a set of expectations about a social, defining how those in the position ought to behave

Question 35

cognitive dissonance theory

Answer 35

the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort, we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent