Final Women's History Class Flashcards
(78 cards)
1
Q
League of Women voters
A
- formed during the 1920’s
- NAWSA became the league of Women Voters
- used cross-arty lines
2
Q
Women’s Joint Congressional Commitee
A
- formed during the 1920’s
3
Q
Palmer Raids
A
- were attempts bu the US Department of Justice to arrest and deport radical leftists, especially anarchists from the US
- the raids and arrests occured in NOV. 1919 and JAN 1920 under the leadership of attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer
- more than 500 foreign citizens were deported
- the palmer raids occurred in the larger context of the RED Scare
4
Q
Sacco and Vanzetti
A
- happened during the RED Scare
- Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Venzetti were Italian born anarchists who were convicted of murdering two men during the armed robberry of a shoe factory in Northampton Massachussets in US in 1920
- witness claimed that they were not in town when it happened but they were convicted because they were Italian
5
Q
Scopes Trial/ Tennesse v. Scopes
A
- formally known as the State of tennesse v. John Thomas Scopes. was a legal case in 1925-in which a substitute high school teacher was accused of violating Tennesse;s Butler act which made it unlawgul to teach human evolution in any state funded school
*
6
Q
Bessie Smith
A
- nicknamed The Empress of the Blues Smith
- was the most popular female blues singer off 1920s and 1930s
- often regarded as one of the greatest singers of her era along Louis Armstrong
7
Q
October 24 and 29, 1929
A
- the wall street crash of 1929
- also known as Black Tuesday the most devastating stock market crash in the history of the united states
- the crash led to the beginning of the 10 year Great depression
8
Q
Dorothea Lange
A
- an influential American documentary photographer a photojournalist best known for her depression era work
- lange’s photos humanized the consequences of the great depression
9
Q
US v Package of Japanesse Pessaries
A
- ended with outlawing of birth control information
- congress prohibits the importation of obcene material-referring to contraceptives
- Sanger ordered a new type of diaphram (a pessary) from a Japanese physician
- packages were seized and confiscated
10
Q
Bonus Army
A
- popular name of assemblage of some 43,000 marchers-17,000 WWI veterans
- marchers demanded cash payment redemption of theri service certificates
11
Q
Elanor Roosevelt/ New Deal Programs
A
- worked by writting newspaper articles, books and giving radio interviews and urged women to do the same
- her newspaper column was MY DAY
- traveled abroad during WWII
- near and fart helping th poor
- federal agencies created under the NEW DEAL almost doubled the members of federal employees
- 1946-1953 delegate to the UNITED NATION GENERAL ASSEMBLY
12
Q
Molly Dewson
A
- head of the women’s division of the democratic national committee in 1932
- served in the social security board 1937-1938
- was in charge og the National Consumers league
13
Q
Frances Perkins
A
- secretary of labor
- 1st woman named to cabinet post
- only original member of the Roosevelt cabinet to remain in office his entire presidency
- established unemployment benefits, pensions for the many uncovered elderly american
- helped craft laws against child labor
- established the standard 40 hour work week
14
Q
Mary McLeod Bethune
A
- founder of the National Association of Colored women
- 1935 established council of Negro Women
- appointed head of the oddice of minoritu affais of the national Youth adminstration
- parents were slaves
- started a private school for African American students in Florida
- Appointed the National advisor to President Franklin. D Roosevelt
- known as the First Lady of Stuggle
15
Q
Rose Schneiderman
A
- president of the women;s trate union league
- 1933 appointed the board of national recovery administration
16
Q
Amelia Earhart
A
- 1917 WWI served as a nurse w/ Volunteer Aid Detachment/St. John ambulance Brigade
- June 18-19, 1928- 1st woman to fly across the Atlantic
- May 20-21 1932-1st woman to fly solo across the atlantic
- Aug. 24-25 1932- first woman to fly solo nonstop coast to coast
- Jan. 11, 1935- first person to fly solo across the pacific ocean- oaland, Ca to Hawaii
- May 8, 1935- 1st person to fly solo nonstop from Mexico to denmark NJ
- Taught Elanor Roosevelt to fly an airplane
*
17
Q
Pearl Harbor
A
- attack to pearl harbor y Japan
- brought the US into WWII
18
Q
WAC’S, WAVES, MCWR, SPARS, WASPS
A
- WAC- Women’s Army Corps
- WAVES- Women’s Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service
- MCWR- Marine Corps Women’s Reseve
- WASPS- Women Airforce Service Pilots
19
Q
National Labor Board General Order #16
A
- order passed on Nov. 1942-stating equal work, equal pay for women
20
Q
Executive Order 9066
A
- Japanese internment camps with 10 camps and 110,000 Japanese
21
Q
Operation Overlord
A
- code name for the Battle of Normany- allied operation that launched the succesful invation of German Occupied Western Europe during WWII
- operation commenced on June 6, 1944 with the Normandy landings led by General D. Eisenhoward
22
Q
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
A
- places where the Atomic bombs were sent during WWI o Japan by US
23
Q
Marshal Plan
A
- was the American Initiative to aid Europe in whick the US gave economic support to rebuilf reurpean economis after WWII in order to pevent the spreat of Soviet communism
24
Q
NATO and the UN
A
- April 1949- North Atlantic Treaty Organization
- 1st peace military alliance for the US since the American Revolution
25
Executive order 9981
* passes in 1948
* desegration of the US military
* first war we foughtwith desegregated army is the Korean War
26
Korean War
* June 25, 1950- July 27, 1963 was a war between the republic of Korea (south Korea) supported by the United Nations and the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (North Korea)
* primarly the result of political divisions of korea bu an agreement of the Victorious Allies at the Conclusion of th epacific wat at the end of WWII
27
HUAC
* 1938-House Un-american activities Committe Congressman
* 1962- grilled 14 members of WPS the women made aworking of the males who questioned them
* 1938-HUAC House Un-American Committe
* congressman Martin dies- of Texas launched the 1st investigation
28
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
* convicted spies
* 1951- arrested as spies convicted of passing atomic secrets of USSt-Ethel brother war at los alamos
* June 19, 1953- executed in the electric chair-1st and last American Civilians to loose their lives for espionage- found in the 1990's proved Julius was a spy but not Ethel
* 1951- Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
* arrested as spies convicted of passing atomic secrets to USSR
* Ethel's brother worked at Los Alamos
* June 19, 1953 executed in the electric chair
* docs found in 1990s proved Julius was a spy not Ehtel
29
_Sexual Behavior in the Human Female_
* 1953 Alfred Kinsey study where:
* 50% of women admitted to pre-marital sex
* 90% to petting (making out)
* 28% to homosexual tendancies
30
_The Feminine Mystique_
* Betty Friedan
* published in 1963
* millions of women suffocated by limited aspirations forced upon them by all aspectts of the society, husbands, churches, advertising, medical professionals, TV, magazines, and school
* book sold over 3 million copies
31
Commision of the Education of Women
* firned ub 1953- encouraged training and the education of women
32
Women Strike for Peace
| (WSP)
* formed on Nov. 1, 1961
* 50,000 women in at least 40 communities
* 1st day peace demostration protesting the nuclear arms race and USSR and US proposal to resume atmospheric testing of bombs
* during this era the women were who participated in the strike for peace were accused of being communists
33
Brown v Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
* May 17, 1954
* case brought by NAACP on behalf of elementary student Linda Brown and others
* unanimous supreme court Decision under Chief Justice Earl Warren overturned Plessy v. Ferguson
* Thurgood Marchall and constancies Baker Motley led the NAACP lawyers
* Marshall later appointed the 1st African American to the supreme court
* Motley became the 1st African American woman to receive a federal judgement
34
Rosa Parks
* seamstress
* member of the NAACP
* jailed because she wouldnt give her seat in the bus to a white man
* bus boycott lasted 381 days desecrated on NOV. 13, 1956
* was the face of the movement
35
Womens Political Caucus and the Montgomery Bus Boycott
* proposed a bus boycott Rosa Parks was the face of the boycott- lasted 381 days
36
Little Rock 9
* Group of students enrolled in Central high School in Little Rock Arkansas
* On Sept. 4, 1957- central high school in Little Rock Arkansas- Governer Dival Foubus called out the national Guard to stop 9 black students from caroling 6 female students including Melba Portillo Beals were threatned with rape- Ike had to send in 1,000 troops from the 101st airborne and nationalize 10,000 Arkansas national guard troops
37
Charlayne Hunter Gault
* intergrated the university of Georgia
* one of two African American Students of enroll in The University of Georgia
38
Ella Baker
* Director of several branch offices for the NAACP became one of the founders of SWCC student nonviolent coordination
* African American civil rights and human activist
39
Gloria Steinem
* journalist
* Miss magazine
* 1st woman editor
* Raised in Ohio, 1952- smith college grad with degree in governmental studies
* traveled to india for a few years
* Began her freelance journalism career, famous undercover article as a playboy bunny
* 1971- co-founded the national womens political caucus- and womens; action alliance
* wrote many books and articles including _Outrageous Acts and everyday Rebellion in 1983_
* 1993- inducted into the National Women;s Hall of Fame
* 2000- married for the first time at 66 to David Bale who dies 3 years later of cancer
* 2005- intervied for the documentary _I_ Had an Abortion
40
LULAC
* The league of United Latin American Citizens
* created to combat the discrimination faced bu hispanics in the US
* established on Feb. 17, 1929- in Corpus Christi Texas
41
Dolores Huerta
* labr leader and civil rights activists co-founded the Farmworkers association that later became the United Farm Workers (UFW)
* worked with Cesar Chaves side by side
42
Civil Rights Act 1964
* enacted July 2, 1964- landmark piece of Civil rights legislation of the US outlawed discimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origion
* ended unequal application of votor registration requirements and racial regregated schools, at the workplace, and but facilities that served the general public
43
NOW
* in the 1970s became the undisputed leader of the womens libirationmovement
* 1966- NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR WOMEN
* founded by a group of 16 people
* Betty Fridan- 1st presiden of NOW
* 300 members in one year
44
Executive Order 11246
* forbades sex discrimination
* passed in 1967 which forbade sex discrimination by te federal government and federal contractors
* EEOC outlawed segregated ads
45
Virginia Johnson
| (Masters and Johnson)
* in 1968 along with William Masters- _Human Sexual Response_
* 1st researchers to study the philosophy of sexual response
46
Angela Davis
* philosophy professer who went underground in 1970 for months to avoid arrest by the FBI for allegedly siding a black prisoner in a Marin County revolt
* she soent over a year in federal prison before being acquitted of all charges in 1977
* currently a philosophy professer in UC Santa Cruz
47
Vietnam War
* 1954-1973
* IKE-1960-3000/ 1963-6000
* Nixon- 1973-2.8 million
* average age in WWII 26 vietnam- 29- 80% came from poor working class families
* 1867-27,000 deserters/1970-76,000 2 out of 3 had smoked pot- 1 out of 3 tried heroin
* + 1.5 million Vietnames dead
* 58,000 US soldiers dead/ 300,000 wounded
48
_Our Bodies, Ourselves_
* 1970- Boston women's health collection
* from a short book _Women and their bodies_
* started as a pamphlet then it became/ transformed into a book because of how popular it was
49
Third World Women's Alliance
| (TWWA)
* a civil rights organization in 1971
* founding member frances Beale
50
Ms. Magazine
* 1st editor Gloria Stinem
* raised in Ohio, 1952- Smith College and Grad with decree in Governmental studies
* Traveled to India for a few years, began her freelance journalism career, famous undercover article on her experieces as a playboy bunney
* 1971- co-founded the national womens Political Caucus Womens Action Alliance
* wrote many articles and booka including _Outrageous Acts and Everyday Rebellions_ in 1983
* 1993- inducted into the National Women's Hall Fame
51
Shirley Chisholm
| (of NY)
* 1st African woman elected to congress in 1968
* 1972- campainged for the Democratic nomination president
* 1st women and 1st African American to do so
* Represented New York's 12 Congressional districs for 7 tems
52
My Lai Massacre
* 1968- LL. Williams Calley and his platoon went into a village and gang raped women and girls then massacred 350 villagers and burned the village- brought to trial in 1971 and found guilty, sentenced to life in prison- Nixon reduced his sentence and he was paroled in 1974
53
Watergate
* Nixon scandal
* political scandal as a result of the break in at the Democratic National Committe headquarters at the Watergate complex in Washington D.C and the Nixon administration attemted to cover up its involment
54
Roe v Wade
* (wade was the state of Texas)
* Jan. 22, 1973- supreme court ruled 7-2 in favor of Janet Roe
* all state laws making abortion a crime null and void
55
ERA 1972
* 1st proposed in 1923 by Alice Paul
* reintroduced by feminists in the 1970s
* March 22, 1972- both houses of congress voted overwhelmingly to pass
* 1973- 3o of the needed 36 states had ratified ERA
* right wing of the republican party began to fight ratification mostly white, christian and married women with children pushed for family values
* Phyllis Schafly was against this
56
Phylis Schlafly
* led the party to stop ERA ratification- was a woman
* argued that womne should be home with children while she was out working against ERA
57
Sandra Day O' Conner
* 1981- 1st woman justice appointed to the supreme Court
* was a conservative
* appointed by President Ronald Reagan
58
Madeleine Albright
* secretary of state during Presidents Bill Clinton's Presidency in 1992
59
Janet Reno
* attorney General during President Bill Clinton in 1992
60
Ruth Bader Ginsberg
* supreme court justice during President Bill Clinton in 1992
61
Susan Faludi
* is an American humanist, journalist and author
* won the Putlizer prize for Explanatory Journalism
62
March for Women's Lives 2004
* demostration for reproductive rights and women's rights held April 25, 2004 on the National Mall in Washington DC
* March organizes estimated that 1.15 millionpeople participated
* declaring in the largest protest in the US
63
Nancy Pelosi
* daughter of former 5 term congressman and 12 year mayor in Baltimore Thomas D'Alessandro Jr
* 1962- grand of Trinity College in DC
* Married Paul Pelosi of SF- 5 kids
* 1987 elected CA 8th district (SF) in the House of Reps
* 2002- elcted speaker of the house
* 3rd in line to the presidency- 1st woman in US history
64
Lois Giibbs
* mother of Super Fund Cleanup
* Born in Nigran Fall NY
* many people worked in Hooker chemicals
* 1978- 2 children fell ill- Michael and Melissa
* along with other people locked in 2 state officials so they could not leave the town beccause the Hooker company was dumping chemicals that were causing them to get sick. After locking in those 2 state officials she called President Carter and told him that they could not let the state officials leave until the town was relocated the succedded
* when she started advocating against Hooker Chemicals her husband told her to stop because he worked for the company so he divorced her
* she moved with her 2 children in Washington to be an activist against the use of chemicals
* she re-married to an activist her children survived and went to college
65
Hilary Clinton
* 1st lady of Arkansas
* listed as one of 100 most influential lawyers
* 1st lady to push for universal health care
* 1st female senator
* pushed for plan B contraceptives
* secretary of state
* Born Oct. 26, 1947- park ridge Illinos
* 1968- Wellestly college-1st ever student to be choosen by classmates to speak at commencement
* 1973- Yale law school-worked for the Yale Law review
* staff attorney for childrens refence fund
* 1 of 2 women lawyers on the staff of the House Judiciary Committe working on the Empeachment of president Nixon
* 1965- Married Bill Clinton- 1980- daughter chealse
* appointed by president Carter the boarf of the US legal services corporation federal nonprofit that funded ledal aid to the poor
* twice listed as one of the 100 most influential lawyers
* 1992-2001- 1st lady pushed for universal care act
* 1995-it takes a village
* 1997 helped create the adoption and safe families act
* 2000 eleted 1st female senator form New York
* corresponsor of prevention first act-increased access to family planning info
* 2006- re-elected with 67% vote
* 2007 began campaing for president- winning more primaries and delagates than any women in the US history
* 2009- secretary state
66
_Beauty Myth_
* Naomi Wolf
67
Mildred "Babe" Didrikson
* played various sports
* basketball
* javelin
* hurdles
* golf
* diving
* baseball
* doxing
* Qualified for 5 events could only compete in 3
* won in all 3
* Gold Gajeline
* Gold 80 m Hurdels
* silver
* 1946-1947- won 17 open tournaments
* won 1954-womens National Open 15 months after cancer surgery
* died of cancer in 1956
68
Rachel Carson
* mother of the conservation movement in the US
began earth day and activism day
* founder of the ecology movement in the US
* writer, scientist and ecologist
* Born May 27, 1907- 65 acre farm in pennsylvania
* BA marine biology 1929- MA zoology 1932 John Hopkind University
* Hired by the US Bureu of Fisheries during the depression
* 1936- editor in chief of all publication for the US fish and wildlife services
* Naturalist Writer
* Under the Sea Wind- 1941
* The Sea Around Us- 1952
* The Edge of the Sea- 1955
* **Silent Spring-1962**
* warned the public against the use of Pesticides
* lead to nationwide ban on DDT and other pesticides attacked bu the chemical industry
* lead to the creation of the EPA-Environmental Protection agency
* 1963- testified before congress and called for new policies to protect human health
* 1963- awarded the national Audubon Society Medal
* 1964- died of breast cancer- 56 years old
* June 9, 1980- post humously awasrded Presidential Medal od freedom by President Carer
69
Georgia O'Keeffe
* most famous women artist during the 20th and 21st century
* grew in dairy farm in Wisconsin
* NOv. 15, 1887-March 6, 1986
* 1910 enrolled at the art institute of Chicago
* Enroolled at the art institute in NYC
* mastered imitative realism
* taught art at the columbia college
* 1924- married famous photographer Alfred Stiedlitz(who promoted her work)
* 1926- received $10,000 for painting a mural in Elizabeth Srdenis Beauty Salon
* 1949- moved to new Mexico -lived and painted there until her death
70
Title IX
* included in the education amendments acts
* prohibits gender discrimination in federally funded programs
* woman fought against for title IX inclusions
* since 1972- female participation in college sports has increased by 400-800% in high school sports
71
Anita Hill
* accused Clarence Thomas of sexual harassment before he was appointed to Supreme Court
* american attorney
* became national figure in 1991 when she accuded US Supreme Court nominne Clarence Thomas of sexual harassment
* her testimony focused national attention on the issue of workplace sexual harassment
72
Janet Yellen
* 1st woman in charge of the federal reserve
73
_The Undeclared War Against American Woman_
* Susan Faludi
74
_Lighting the Way_
* Karenna Gore Schiff
75
_Women Who Run with the Wolves_
* Clarissal Pinkola Astes
76
_Lasting For Freedom_
* Rebecca Walker(Alice Walkers' Daughter
77
Women of Color
* third world womens alliance
* african american, puerto rico, and asian American women
* hijas de Cuahtemoc
* founded at CSU long beach in 1971
* named after a 1911- mexican womens right group the students had discovered
* pushed for greater acess to birth control and against abuses of the social welfare
78
1968- Miss Americ Beauty Pageant Protest
* atlantic city, NJ
* 1st action
