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Skel Rad > Final Written > Flashcards

Final Written Flashcards

1
Q

Retrophayngeal Space (C2, C3, and C4)

A

Less than/equal to 7mm

7@2

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2
Q

Retrotracheal Space (C7)

A

Less than/equal to 22mm in adults, less than/equal to 14mm in children

(22@7)

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3
Q

ADI Space

A

-Space between the anterior aspect of the dens and the posterior aspect of the anterior arch of the atlas
-Upper limit: 3mm Adults/4-5mm Children

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4
Q

Cervical Spine Views

A

-AP Lower Cervical (APLC)
-Odontoid View (AP open mouth and APOM)
-Lateral Cervical (LCN, n= neutral)
-Oblique cervical view (R/L PO and R/L AO-IVFs, uncovertebral and facet joints)

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5
Q

Thoracic Spine Views

A

-AP Thoracic
-Lateral Thoracic

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6
Q

Lumbar Spine Views

A

-AP Lumboepelvis or AP Lumbosacral
-Lateral
-Lumbar Oblique (Optional): LPO=RAO-L PARS/RPO=LAP-R PARS

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7
Q

Kohler’s Teardrop

A

-A radiological landmark that is not an anatomical structure
-Ridge comprised of the anterior inferior margin of the acetabular fossa at the acetabular notch

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8
Q

The distance between the femoral head and Kohler’s teardrop is measured to determine if a patient has ___________

A

Joint effusion

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9
Q

Hip Views

A

-AP
-Frog Leg

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10
Q

Knee Views

A

-AP
-Lateral
-Intercondylar Fossa/Tunnel

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11
Q

Patella Views

A

-PA Patella
-Lateral Patella
-Sunrise

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12
Q

Ankle Views

A

-AP (Neutral)
-Medial Oblique
-Lateral

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13
Q

Foot Views

A

-Dorsoplantar
-Medial Oblique
-Lateral

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14
Q

Shoulder Views

A

-AP External Rotation
-AP Internal Rotation
-Scapular Y View
-Baby Arm (optional)

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15
Q

Elbow Views

A

-AP
-Medial Oblique
-Lateral
-Jones/Olecranon View (Optional)

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16
Q

Wrist Views

A

-Standard Views: PA, Lateral, Palmar Oblique (PPOL)
-Optional Views: Ulnar Deviation, Dorsal Oblique, Radial Deviation (RUD)

17
Q

Hand Views

A

-PA
-Lateral View
-Palmar Oblique

(PPL)

18
Q

Thumb Views

A

-AP
-Oblique
-Lateral

(LAO)

19
Q

Who discovered radiology? And what did he call them?

A

-Wilhelm Roentgen (1895)
-x-syrhlen (unknown rays)
-Used in the US (1896)

20
Q

Who was the first radiation induced fatality?

A

Clarence Dally, Thomas Edison’s chief of staff (1904)

21
Q

Properties of X-Rays

A

-Invisible
-Expose photographic and radiographic film
-Part of the EM spectrum
-Travel at the speed of light
-Can produce biological changes by inducing molecular alterations
-Can be highly penetrating

22
Q

What does it mean to be radiopaque/radiodense?

A

Structure too dense for xrays to go through (ie. metal)

23
Q

What does it mean to be radiolucent

A

X-rays pass through lucent areas easily thus darkening the film; image will be darker where lucent structures or substances are

24
Q

Which objects would fall under differential penetration?

(Radio-opaque to Radiolucent)

A

-Metal
-Bone
-Soft Tissue/Water: muscles, tendons, cartilage, organs, certain pathologies (pneumonia and tumours)
-Fat: Subcutaneous fat, pericardial/perirenal fat, fat pads, bone marrow, fatty tumours (ie lipomas)
-Air: Most lucent, most penetrated

25
Q

How you take a film (AP or PA) has no bearing on how you look at the image on a view box

A

True

26
Q

En Face vs. In Profile

A

-En Face: Straight On
-In Profile: Side View

27
Q

What is Collimation?

A

The act of limiting x-rays to film size or to a smaller area of interest

28
Q

Cartilage near the thyroid gland calcifies by adulthood and is completely normal. It sometimes can be mistaken for calcified blood vessels

A

True

29
Q

What is the sign of abnormal anterior and posterior fat pads?

A

-If visible it means there is swelling from a fracture or soft tissues
-Elbow fix on anterior and posterior sides of the elbow

30
Q

Lumbar Oblique Views
(IVF/PARS L/R)

A

-Anterior Lumbar Oblique/Posterior Lumbar Oblique
-R IVF (RAO/LPO) and L IVF (LAO/RPO)
-R PARS (LAO/RPO) and L PARS (RAO/LPO)

Skel Rad (1 decks)

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