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Entomology > final2 > Flashcards

final2 Flashcards

1
Q

Density dependent growth

A

In a population that is already established, resources begin to become scarce, and competition starts to play a role

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2
Q

Diapause

A

a period of suspended development in an insect, other invertebrate, or mammal embryo, especially during unfavorable environmental conditions

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3
Q

EIL

A

Economic injury level- The lowest population density of a pest that will cause economic damage

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4
Q

ET

A

Economic threshold- pest density at which you should apply a treatment to avoid economic loss- The smallest number of insects (amount of injury) that will cause yield losses equal to the insect management costs— general rule: 80% of EIL

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5
Q

Gall formation

A

Most galls are caused by irritation and/or stimulation of plant cells due to feeding or egg-laying by insects such as aphids, midges, wasps, or mites. Some galls are the result of infections by bacteria, fungi, or nematodes and are difficult to tell apart from insect-caused galls

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6
Q

leaf mining

A

Insects in which the larval stage lives in, and eats, the leaf tissue of plants

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7
Q

logistical model

A

a population’s per capita growth rate gets smaller and smaller as population size approaches a maximum imposed by limited resources in the environment, known as the carrying capacity (‍k)

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8
Q

r=

A

intrinsic rate of increase

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9
Q

sap sucking

A

Ploephagy- High nut.

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10
Q

Bio accumulation

A

an increase in the concentration of a chemical in a biological organism over time, compared to the chemical’s concentration in the environment

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11
Q

Bio Magnification

A

Increase “up” food chain (trophic levels)- the concentration of toxins in an organism as a result of its ingesting other plants or animals in which the toxins are more widely disbursed

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12
Q

botanicals

A

a substance obtained from a plant and used as an additive. Nicotinoids, Rotenoids, Pyrethroids, Neem

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13
Q

carbamates

A

synthetic derivative of alkaloid- used as sprays or baits to kill insects by affecting their brains and nervous systems- Organic synthetic

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14
Q

chlorinated hydrocarbon

A

ex. DDT (Nerve poison) Organic synthetic

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15
Q

methoprene

A

Methoprene is a juvenile hormone analog which acts as a growth regulator when used as an insecticide

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16
Q

Neem

A

(Azadirachta Indica) the seeds and leaves of A. indica have been known to repel harmful insects from agricultural crops

17
Q

nicatinoids

A

overstimulation of AcH receptors- contact/ gut poison, and fumigant- low mammalian toxicity

18
Q

organophosphates

A

(Malthion)- organic synthetic-

19
Q

pyrethroids

A

(Permethrin) Penetrate cuticle- Axonic poison (keeps Na+ channels open) used widely in mosquito control

20
Q

rotenoids

A

From legumes- High fish toxicity

21
Q

What insecticide has high fish toxicity?

A

Permethrin, Rotenone

22
Q

What insecticide is non toxic to fish?

A

Neem

23
Q

What is the soil life of DDT

A

2-10 years

24
Q

what insecticide has the highest volatility?

A

DDT

25
Q

what is more stable DDE or DDT?

A

DDE (lipophilic)

26
Q

where is the logistic model most valuable?

A

Mono agriculture

27
Q

EIL is a density we can sample, what are the 3 rules to this

A

1- must be random
2- proportion of pest pop. in a random sample must be reasonably consistent
3- sampling unit must be readily convertible into “unit areas”

28
Q

Law of tolerance

A

the distribution of a species will be limited by that factor for which that animal has the narrowest range of tolerability

29
Q

what is Phoresy?

A

“Hitchhiking”

30
Q

What order does cotton cushion scale belong to?

A

Hemiptera

31
Q

what predator was brought back from Australia to combat CCS- and didn’t die out

A

the lady bird beetle (first biocontrol)

32
Q

What drives the change in locusts?

A

JH (from N1 to N5)

33
Q

Soliteria does?

A

has diapause eggs

34
Q

Gregaria does?

A

no diapause eggs

35
Q

Gregaria exhibit what type of flight?

A

“Vegetative flight”- swarm and fly into each other keeps a large mass

36
Q

What is NEEM MOA

A

blocks the synthesis and release of ecdysteroids

37
Q

what are the organic synthases

A

chlorinated hydrocarbons, organophosphate, carbamates

38
Q

what are the inorganic synthases

A

Arsenicals

39
Q

what are the 4 botanicals

A

Nicotinoid, rotenoids, pyrethroids, Neem

Entomology (6 decks)

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