FINALLLL

Question 1

Which mesurement is least effected by screwed scores

Answer 1

median

Question 2

What are the ways to measure central tendency

Answer 2

mean(Interval/ Ratio), median(ordinal), mode (Nominal)

Question 3

Central tendency mesures…

Answer 3

the center point of a distribution of quantitative data

Question 4

Measures of Dispersion measures…

Answer 4

how much scores vary from each other/ how far they are spead out from the center point of the data

Question 5

What is the most stable measure of central tendeny

Answer 5

mean

Question 6

Interquartile range

Answer 6

difference between two ranges (upper minus lower)

this removes outliers

Question 7

Variance

Answer 7

average distance of scores in a distribution from the mean in squared units

Question 8

Type 1 error and is equal to blank

Answer 8

when you reject the null, accept the alternative when the null is actually true
Equal to the level of significance

Question 9

Type 2 error

Answer 9

when you accept the null and reject the alternative when the null is actually false and the alternative is true

Question 10

When a researcher’s goal is to try to support an exisiting theory by testing a hypothesis, what type of approach to reserach is this
deductive or inductive

Answer 10

Deductive
Deductive- general to specific
Inductive- specific to general

Question 11

Power

Answer 11

is the probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis

Question 12

Null Hypothesis

Answer 12

states observed statistical outcomes result from the laws of chance alone

Question 13

Inferential Statistics or inductive stats

Answer 13

measures to what extent a result is generalizable

and the likelihood of it happening by chance

Question 14

Probability (P-value)

Answer 14

set value that research make, saying that if it reaches this number then it is probably not by chance!!!!!

Question 15

Sampling distribution

Answer 15

mean of a number of random samples

Question 16

Confidence

Answer 16

is the degree of assurance that the mean in the sampling distribution accuratley represents the mean of the population

Question 17

Significance

Answer 17

level or point that the researcher is confident enough that there is a relationship within the study to reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis

Question 18

Population distributino

Answer 18

based on frequencies from observations of total population

Question 19

Sample distribution

Answer 19

frequency of observations from a sample

Question 20

Sampling distribution

Answer 20

the expected freqencies of the staties from varous samples from the population

Question 21

Bell Curve

Answer 21

shows the probability theory (*of a score falling in a given area of the distribution) and the reliability of the standards error; is a normal distribution; can be postiviley sckewed, negativiley sckewed, Peaked or flat

Question 22

Chi-squared

Answer 22

examines the difference between the catagories of the independent variable
ONE-VARIBALE TESTS AND TWO VARIABLE TEST
USED IN NOMINAL DATA
CHI-SQUARE VALUE > TABLE NUMBER THEN SIGNIFICANT

Question 23

T-TEST

Answer 23

used with interval or ratio data; examines the differences between 2 groups of the dependent variable; uses inferential stats (Inductive-specific to general); test the signficance between teh difference of the two groups and see how much is the result of standard error using the bell-curve;

Question 24

Steps of conducting a t-test

Answer 24

1. create null and research hypothesis
2. set pvalue
3. find the mean of measured variables
4. Reject the null if the value is less then or equal to the pvalue

Question 25

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)

Answer 25

Used with interval/ratio data; measures the differences between 3 or more groups of the dependent variable

Question 26

Correlation Testing

Answer 26

used to see if there is a statistical relationship between two or more variables

Question 27

3 Characteristics of a corrlation relationship

Answer 27

1. correlation characterizes the existance of the relationsip between variables 2. Correlation is not causation 3. Only indicates that two or more variables vary together pos or neg

Question 28

Correlation Coefficent

Answer 28

the strength of the vary between the variables

Question 29

Multiple Correlation

Answer 29

compariting 3 or more variables

Question 30

Partial Correlation

Answer 30

compairing the relationships between 2 variable while elimminating the correlation with other variables

Question 31

regression analysis

Answer 31

given the relationship of variable x to variable y, how can we take values of x and predict y y=bX+a b and a =regression coefficents-they are constant and do not change

Question 32

Person r (Product-moment correlation)

Answer 32

used to calculate correlation coefficents with interval or raitio data

Question 33

Spearman

Answer 33

used to calculate the correlation coefficent of ordinal data; compare two sets of ranked scores for the same group of research participants

Question 34

Kendalls Correlation

Answer 34

Used to calculate the correlation coeffient of ordianl data if there are tied groups or when there are a pair of people ranking for each individual

Question 35

Nominal Data

Answer 35

numbers or names in no particiular order; must be exhaustive must be mutually exclusive must be equivalent

Question 36

Ordinal Data

Answer 36

nominal + ranking order | Dont know the amount between each rank

Question 37

Interval Data

Answer 37

catergorize variable + rank order + equal distances between ranks

Question 38

Ratio

Answer 38

catagorize variable + rank order + equal distances between ranks + absolutue zero

Question 39

Why use an ANOVA

Answer 39

Because too many t-test causes additive error; causes you to not rely on .05 significance level but rather .1 or .15 going up .05 with each t-test used

Question 40

Two types of ANOVA

Answer 40

one- variable ANOVA- examines the difference between two or more groups on a dependent variable in interval or ratio data (also can be a repeated measure ANOVA) Multiple- Variable

Question 41

Descriptive vs Experimental Research

Answer 41

Descriptive- uses only observation | Experimental-manipulates

Question 42

What are the two things stats do

Answer 42

show relationships | Calculate differences