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arabic grammar > finals > Flashcards

finals Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

what are the words for افعل قلوب?

A

CERTAINTY
علمت
رايت
وجدت

DOUBT
ظننت
خلت
حسبت

BOTH
ظعمت

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2
Q

what happens when افعل قلوب become part of a sentence?

A

when these words become part of a sentence, the word (مبتدا خبر ) after will become mafool because the action is being done upon both of them.
this rule is only applied when the fail-ul-quloob is at the start of a sentence

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3
Q

what is meant by a حرف?

A
  • letters that doesn’t make sense on its own
  • little words that are put into sentences with nouns and verbs to make sense of it
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4
Q

how many types does حرف have?

A

17

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5
Q

what is meant by حرف جر?

A

prepositions - makes the following word have a جر
joins the fail and ism together

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6
Q

what does ب mean?

A

‘with’

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7
Q

what are the uses of ب?

A
  1. الصاق - join 2 things together
  2. استعان - comes for ‘with the support’
  3. تعليل - stating the reason why
  4. مصاحبت - company
  5. مقابلا - in exchange
  6. تعري - requires a mafool
  7. ضرفيت - shows the place
  8. زل - extra
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8
Q

give an example of الصاق in arabic and english

A

زيد مع بعض أصدقائه
Zaid is with some of his friends

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9
Q

give an example of استعانة in arabic and english

A

كتبت بالقلم
I wrote with ‘the help’ of the pen

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10
Q

give an example of تعليل in arabic and english

A

انكم ظلمتم انفسكم باتحاذكم العجل
you oppressed yourself by worshipping the cow

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11
Q

give an example of مصاحبت in arabic and english

A

خرج زيد بعشيرته
zaid left with his family

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12
Q

give an example of مقابلا in arabic and english

A

بعت الفرس بمائة دينار
i sold my house in exchange for 100 dinar

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13
Q

give an example of تعري in arabic and english

A

ذهبت بزيد
i went with zaid

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14
Q

give an example of ضرفيت in arabic and english

A

جلست بالمسجد
i sat in the masjid

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15
Q

give an example of زل in arabic and english

A

ما زيد بقاإم
zaid did not stand

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16
Q

what is ت used for in terms of هرف جر? Give an example

A
  • an oath
  • can only be put with the name of Allah
    e.g تالله = I swear by Allah
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17
Q

what is و used for in terms of هرف جر?
Give and example.

A
  • an oath
  • can be used with the name of Allah and other names of Allah
    e.g والله = i swear by Allah
    e.g وارهمن = I swear by the most merciful
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18
Q

what is ب used for in terms of هرف جر?

A
  • an oath
  • used as “Allah” and other names of Allah and pronouns
  • با الله = I swear by Allah
  • بارهمن = I swear by the most merciful
  • بك = I swear by you
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19
Q

what category do ب,و,ت come into in terms of هرف جر?

A

OATH

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20
Q

what does كاف mean in terms of هرف جر?
Give an example.

A

“like” or “as though”
- used for comparison
e.g زيدٌ كعمرٍ = Zaid is LIKE Amr

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21
Q

what does ل mean in terms of هرف جر?
Give an example.

A

“for”
- used for belonging
e.g المل لزيد = the wealth is FOR Zaid

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22
Q

what does من mean in terms of هرف جر?
Give an example.

A

“from”
- used to show a previous place
e.g
سرت من البصرة الى الكوفة = I travelled FROM Basr to Koofa

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23
Q

what does الى mean in terms of هرف جر?
Give an example.

A

“to” or “towards”
- used to show a future place or position
e.g
سرت من البصرة الى الكوفة = I travelled from Basr TO Koofa

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24
Q

what does هتّي mean in terms of هرف جر?
Give an example.

A

“until”
e.g
سرت البلد هتّي سوق = I travelled the city UNTIL (I reached) the market

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25
what does في mean in terms of هرف جر? Give an example.
"in" e.g زيد في الدار = Zaid is IN the house
26
what does على mean in terms of هرف جر? Give an example.
"upon" - used to show the height or being on top of something e.g زيد على السطه = Zaid is ON the roof
27
what does عن mean in terms of هرف جر? Give an example.
"from" e.g رميت السهم عن القوس = I threw something FROM a height
28
what does مذ / منذ mean in terms of هرف جر? Give an example.
منذ = "since" مذ = "for" - you can use either or in a sentence e.g : ما رايته مذ يوم الجمعة OR ما رايته منذ يوم الجمعة I have not seen him SINCE / FOR the day of Jumuah
29
what does رُبَّ mean in terms of هرف جر? Give an example.
"many a" e.g رُبَّ رجل كريم لقيته there are MANY A men i trust
30
what does هشا / خلا / عدا mean in terms of هرف جر? Give an example.
- they all mean "besides" / "except for" e.g خلا زيد = except Zaid
31
what is meant by هرف مشب بالفعل?
letters that govern two words and come before a مبدتا و كبر
32
what are the 6 words of هرف مشب بالفعل?
1. اِنَّ 2. اَنّ 3. كاَنَّ 4. لكِنَّ 5. لَيْتَ 6. لَعَلَّ
33
what does اِنَّ و اَنَّ mean in terms of هرف مشب بالفعل ? Give an example.
اِنَّ - indeed اَنَّ - that - "indeed" comes at the beginning of a sentence and "that" comes in the middle of a sentence e.g - اِنَّ زيد اقا أم = INDEED Zaid is standing - بلغي اَنَّ زيد ا منطلق = I have heard THAT Zaid is going to travel
34
what does كاَنَّ mean in terms of هرف مشب بالفعل ? Give an example.
"as if" in the sense of 'like' e.g كَاَنَّ زيد اسد = It is AS IF Zaid is like a lion
35
what does لكِنَّ mean in terms of هرف مشب بالفعل ? Give an example.
"but" e.g غاب زيد لَكِنْ بكر هاضر = Zaid is absent BUT Bakr is present
36
what does لَيْتَ mean in terms of هرف مشب بالفعل ? Give an example.
"if only" / "i wish" - come for desire (of something that may not occur) e.g لَيْتَ زيدا قاأم = I WISH Zaid was standing
37
what does لَعَلَّ mean in terms of هرف مشب بالفعل ? Give an example.
"maybe" / "hope" - comes for desire (of something that may occur) e.g لَعَلَ السلطن يكرمني = I hope the King will respect me
38
what is the concept behind ما و لا مشابا بليس?
ما and لا have both positive and negative meanings. This is because لا means "except" but it also means "no" ; and ما means "what" but also means "no". However, in this context they both come with a negative meaning or with a مبتدا و خبر. If it comes with a مبتدا و خبر, it will still be negative.
39
what is the ruling of ما و لا مشابا بليس?
ما and لا come in the same meaning as ليس In a sentence: - the ism / mubtada will get a raf'a (dummah) - the khabr will get a fatha ما will come for all nouns (proper and common) لا will only come for common nouns
40
give an example of ما و لا مشابا بليس?
ما زيد بقاإم Zaid did not stand
41
what is meant by هروف ايجاب?
letters that respond to a statement
42
what are the 6 words of هروف ايجاب?
1. نعم 2. بلى 3. اِىْ 4. اجل 5. جير 6. اِنَّ
43
what does نعم mean in terms of هروف ايجاب ? Give an example.
"yes" - comes to confirm the statement before and clearly establish a 'yes' or 'no' answer e.g QUESTION: أجاء زيد - has Zaid come? ANSWER: نعم - Yes
44
what does بلى mean in terms of هروف ايجاب ? Give an example.
"yes, of course" - come in response to a negative (not literal, stating the obvious ; sarcastic) statement and makes it positive. e.g QUESTION: ألست بربكم - Is Allah not your Lord? ANSWER: بلى - Yes, why not?
45
what does اِىْ mean in terms of هروف ايجاب ? Give an example.
"yes" - comes after a question, to confirm something - always comes before an oath e.g QUESTION: هل كان كذا - Did this actually happen? ANSWER: اِىْ وا الله - Yes, I swear by Allah
46
what does اجل / جير / اِنَّ mean in terms of هروف ايجاب ? Give an example.
"yes" / "indeed" - comes for confirmation of the information e.g QUESTION: جاءك زيد - Has Zaid come? ANSWER: اجل / جير / اِنَّ - "yes" / "indeed"
47
what is meant by هروف عطف?
letters which join (connective)
48
what are the ten words for هروف عطف?
1. و 2. فاء 3. ثمَّ 4. هتَّى 5. اَو 6. اِمَّ 7.اَمْ 8. لا 9. بل 10. لكن
49
what does و mean in terms of هروف عطف ? Give an example.
"and" e.g جآءنى زيد و عمر = Zaid and Amr came to me
50
what does ف mean in terms of هروف عطف ? Give an example.
"so" / "then" e.g
51
what does ثمَّ mean in terms of هروف عطف ? Give an example.
"then" e.g
52
what does هتَّى mean in terms of هروف عطف ? Give an example.
"until"
53
what does اِمَّ mean in terms of هروف عطف ? Give an example.
"either" / "or" e.g
54
what does اَمْ mean in terms of هروف عطف ? Give an example.
"or" - used in questioning e.g
55
what does لا mean in terms of هروف عطف ? Give an example.
"not" - negative e.g
56
what does بل mean in terms of هروف عطف ? Give an example.
"but" / "rather" / "instead" e.g
57
what does لكن mean in terms of هروف عطف ? Give an example.
"but" / "however" e.g
58
what is meant by هروف تنبي?
letters to get the attention of a person - in the case of an emergency and as a warning - when calling someone to make them aware of something
59
what are the 3 words for هروف تنبي?
1. الا - 2. اما 3. ها
60
Give an example of هروف تنبي
الا انهم المفسدون - Beware, they are the mischief makers ها زيد قا أم - Attention, Zaid is standing
61
what is meant by هرف نداء?
letters that get the attention of a person - it is not used in a warning
62
what are the words for هرف نداء?
1. يا 2. اَيَا 3. هيا 4. اي 5. ء
63
what is the ruling for هرف نداء?
- اي and ء are used for people close in proximity - اَيَا and هيا are used for someone who is not close in proximity - يا is used for both situation

arabic grammar (1 decks)

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