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Science, Technology, and Society > Finals > Flashcards

Finals Flashcards

1
Q

fWhere is Egypt located?

A

Northeastern corner of Africa

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2
Q

What did Herodotus call Egypt?

A

The gift of Nile

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3
Q

What is the heartland of Egypt?

A

Nile River Valley and Delta

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4
Q

What is the Egyptian currency called

A

Egyptian Pound

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5
Q

What is the religion of Egyptians

A

Polytheistic

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6
Q

What is the dominating religion of Egyptians

A

Muslim

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7
Q

What is the official language of Egypt

A

Arabic

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8
Q

What was the most important crop to Egyptians

A

Grain

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9
Q

What are the three seasons in ancient Egyptian farming?

A

Akhet, Peret, Shemu

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10
Q

What does Akhet, Peret, and Shemu mean and when do they occur?

A

Akhet - The Inundation (June-Sept)
Peret - The Growing Season (Oct-Feb)
Shemu - The Harvesting Season (March-May)

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11
Q

What does Akhet mean and when do they occur?

A

The Inundation (June-Sept)

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12
Q

What does Peret mean and when does it occur?

A

The Growing Season (Oct-Feb)

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13
Q

What does Shemu mean and when does it occur?

A

The Harvesting Season (March-May)

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14
Q

This is a machine Egyptians used to move water from canals

A

Shaduf

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15
Q

What animals did the Egyptians keep?

A

Cattle, goats, pigs, ducks, cows, geese

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16
Q

True or false: The pharaoh got the rich peasants to do the farm work on the rich lands

A

True

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17
Q

What did the Egyptians bind into the bandages to treat inflammation?

A

Willow leaves

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18
Q

Enumerate the hieroglyphic numbers

A

1-9 : stroke
10 : inverted u/hobble for cattle
100 : coil of rope
1000 : lotus plant
10, 000: finger
100, 000: frog
1, 000, 000: a god raising his arms above his head

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19
Q

What is a curved blade used for cutting and harvesting grain, such as wheat and barley

A

Sickle

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20
Q

A long balancing pole with a weight on one end and a bucket on the other

A

Shadoof

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21
Q

True or false: The Egyptians invented medical surgery

A

True

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22
Q

The Egyptians combined soot with a lead mineral called __ to create a black ointment known as __. (Egyptian makeup)

A

Galena; kohl

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23
Q

What is the North and South of Egypt called?

A

Memphis and Thebes

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24
Q

What did the ancient Egyptians use to make black ink?

A

Bee wax, soot, vegetable gum

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25
Q

What does meso mean

A

middle

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26
Q

Mesoamerica comprise of what modern-day countries?

A

Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Belize, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica

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27
Q

They believed that the will and actions of the Gods could be read in stars, moon, and planets

A

Mayans

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28
Q

True or false: The Mayans believed in the geocentric model

A

True

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29
Q

What did Mayans associate Venus with?

A

War

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30
Q

What temple is designed to observe equinoxes

A

Chichen Itza

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31
Q

What are the three calendars of the Mayan’s

A

Haab (Solar Calendar), Tzolkin (Divine Calendar), Long count calendar

32
Q

What is the haab calendar for and how many days and months does it have?

A

Agricultural planning; 365 days, divided into 18 months of 20 days

33
Q

What do you call the one month that only has 5 days in the Haab Calendar

A

Wayeb

34
Q

What is the Tzolkin calendar for and how many months and days does it have?

A

Religious rituals and seeking answers for the future; 260 days with 20 months of 13 days

35
Q

What is the long count calendar also known as?

A

Universal Cycle

36
Q

What are the five cycles of the long count calendar?

A

Baktun (144, 000), Katun(72, 600), Tun (360), Uinal (20), Kin (1)

37
Q

The long count calendar starts at?

A

Dec 22, 2012

38
Q

What is the religion and culture of Mayans?

A

Polytheistic

39
Q

True or false: Mayans made the concept of zero

A

True

40
Q

Who were sent by the Sun God Inti to find a suitable place to build an empire

A

Mana Occlo and Manco Capac

41
Q

What is the special rod that Mana Occlo and Manco Capac carried?

A

Tapac-Yauri

42
Q

The 328-day calendar of Inca’s was used for what?

A

To mark all the festivals

43
Q

What is the system where all people worked for the government from once they turn 15 and until they turn 50

A

Mita System

44
Q

What is the capital of Inca

A

Machu Picchu (a sacred site for religious purposes)

45
Q

What are the three types of doctors that Inca’s had?

A

Wattuk, Hanpeo, Paqo

46
Q

What does the Wattuk do?

A

finds the origin of the diseases

47
Q

What does the Hanpeo do?

A

cures the patient using herbs and minerals

48
Q

What does the Paqo do?

A

treats the soul

49
Q

Who are the indigenious people of Mexico and Central America

A

The Mayans

50
Q

How many days does it take Venus to revolve around the sun?

A

584 or 583.92

51
Q

Who is the Mayan sun god

A

Kinich Ahau

52
Q

What is the name given by the Mayan to the underworld

A

Xibalba

53
Q

This is the astronomical event when the sun crosses the equator and day and night and everywhere on earth are approximately of equal length

A

Equinoxes

54
Q

Where is the Chichen Itza situated at?

A

Mexico

55
Q

What put an end to the Mayan cities?

A

Spanish invasion in the 16th century

56
Q

What is the value of a shell in Mayan numbering system?

A

Zero

57
Q

This is a pyramid in the Lost World Complex at Tikal which faces three other temples

A

The Great Pyramid

58
Q

What did pok-a-tok represent

A

life over death, war, hunting

59
Q

What is the demise of the Incas?

A

War, disruption of their trade routes, climate change and deforestation

60
Q

What is the fall of the Inca empire?

A

Spread of disease from spaniards (influenza, typhus, diphtheria, chicken pox, measles

61
Q

What are the main causes of death among the Inca popluation

A

Influenza and smallpox

62
Q

What is the staple crop of Mayans?

A

Maize

63
Q

True or false: According to te laws of Mayans, health was the result of living according to the laws while the illness was the result of the disobedience of those laws

A

True

64
Q

What are red herbal medicines for?

A

Blood disorders and burns

65
Q

What is blue herbal medicine for

A

Neural seditives

66
Q

What is the yellow herbal medicine for

A

Diseases of the liver and spleen

67
Q

Where is the administrative and military center of Inca located at?

A

Cuzco in Peru

68
Q

aWho is Mama Occlo?

A

sister of manco capac, the daughter of the moon

69
Q

Where did tapac yauri sink?

A

Pacaritambo cave

70
Q

Who is the sun of Manco Capac an Mama Occlo

A

Sinchi Roca

71
Q

Where is the 328 lunar calendar of inca’s based?

A

phases of the moon

72
Q

How did the incas record numerical info?

A

Quipu

73
Q

What is an ancient accounting tool for bookkeeping?

A

Quipu (knot)

74
Q

What are the mail persons of INca called

A

Chasquiz

75
Q

What does Machu Picchu mean

A

Old Peak

76
Q

When was the Machu Picchu discovered?

A

Discovered by Hiram Bingham III in 1911

77
Q

who is the spanish conquistador who led the conquest of peru

A

francisco pizarro

Science, Technology, and Society (3 decks)

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