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RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY > Finals > Flashcards

Finals Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Forecast of the expected outcome of a disease

A

PROGNOSIS-

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2
Q

manifestations of a disease that paticet feels that are not observable the examiner (nabatyngan sang patient)

A

SYMPTOMS

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3
Q

measurable manifestations of disease the physician

A

SIGNS

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4
Q

enable living organism to handle physiologic demands

A

Cellular Injury and Adaptation process-

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5
Q
  • occurs with excessive external stimuli causing altered state but the cell remains viable. (ga adjust ang cell
A

CELLULAR ADAPTATION

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6
Q

-occurs if the limits of
adaptive capability are exceeded

A

CELLULAR INJURY

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7
Q

8 CAUSES OF CELLULAR INJURY:

A

ISCHEMIA
CHEMICAL AGENTS
PHYSICAL AGENTS
INFECTION
IMMUNOLOGIC REACTIONS
GENETIC DEFECTS
NUTRITIONAL DEFECTS
AGING

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8
Q

-decrease/ absent blood supply.

A

Ischemia

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9
Q

Low levels of охуgеn

A

Hypoxia-

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10
Q

-normal cell death

A

APOPTOSIS

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11
Q

premature cell death

A

NECROSIS

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12
Q

-cell shrinkage

A

ATROPHY

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13
Q

7 CAUSES OF ATROPHY:

A

DECREASED WORKLOAD
LOSS OF NERVE SUPPLY
DECREASED BLOOD SUPPLY
INADEQUATE NUTRITION
PRESSURE
LOSS OF HORMONAL STIMULATION-Menopausal
AGING

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14
Q

-increase in CELLS SIZE

A

HYPERTROPHY

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15
Q
  • a degeneration in the functioning of an organ due to the reduction
A

Hypotrophy

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16
Q

disease

A

Patho

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17
Q

study of

A

Logy

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18
Q

Discussion of abnormalities

-Study of suffering (literal definition)

-Study of diseases

-Study of structural and functional consequences of injurious stimuli to the cells, tissues and organs and systems

A

Pathology

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19
Q

2 DIVISIONS OF PATHOLOGY:

A

General pathology
Special/Systemic Pathology

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20
Q
  • pattern of body’s response to injury that causing the variations of normal condition (abnormal)
A

DISEASE

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21
Q

FOUR ASPECTS OF DISEASE PROCESS:

A

Etiology
Pathogenesis
Morphologic changes
Clinical significance/Functional changes

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22
Q

Cause/Study of cause

A

Etiology

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23
Q

mechanism of disease development

A

Pathogenesis-

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24
Q

-structural alterations induced in cells and organs of body

A

Morphologic changes

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25
- functional consequences of the morphologic changes. -any changes on the body
Clinical significance/ Functional changes
26
2 GENERAL CLASSES OF ETIOLOGIC
Genetic Acquired
27
Hereditary
Genetic
28
Has 4 divisions
Acquired
29
Acquired etiology 4 types
IVMT Intections Vascular metabolic traumatic
30
CAUSES OF DISEASES CAN BE CLASSIFIED
Alteration of cell growth nosocomial iatrogenic community acquiree idiopathic
31
loss of uniformity in adult cell
dysplasia
32
abnormal desposition of calcuim salts
calcification
33
2 types of cacification
Dystrophic calcification metastatic calcification
34
abnormal deposition of calcium in dead or dying tissues
dystrophic calcification
35
calcium deposition in normal tissues
metastatic calcification
36
6 Manifestation of disease:
Inflammation Edema ISCHEMIA INFARCTION HEMORRHAGE ALTERATION OF CELL GROWTH
37
5 CARDINAL SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF INFLAMMATION
RUBOR (REDNESS) CALOR (HEAT) TUMOR (SWELLING) DOLOR (PAIN) FUNCTION OF LAESA (LOSS OF FUNCTION)
38
-causes vascular permeability allowing passage of protein rich plasma into the interstitium and this would cause swelling
HYPEREMIA
39
- INCREASE in caliber in blood vessel
VASODILATATION
40
-DECREASE in caliber of blood vessel
VASOCONSTRICTION
41
- collection of pus
ABSCESS
42
purulent inflammatory exudates
Pus-
43
localized area of chronic inflammation with central necrosis
GRANULOMA-
44
-local excavation of surface tissue due to shedding of inflammatory tissues
ULCER
45
- substance that come out when you have inflammation. Usually comes from plasma or cells
INFLAMMATION
46
4 EVENTS THAT CAUSE THE CARDINAL
1. HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES-changes in blood flow Causes 1. Increased functional demand 2. MIGRATION OF LEUKOCYTES 3. PHAGOCYTOSIS AND ENZYMATIC DIGESTION OF DEAD CELLS 4. REPAIR OF INJURY
47
2 TYPES OF INFLAMMATION:
Chronic Acute
48
- Of short duration TRANSIENT STIMULUS
ACUTE
49
- of longer duration with PERSISTENT STIMULUS
CHRONIC
50
SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE:
Fever Leucocytosis
51
is an abnormal elevation of the body temperature
FEVER-
52
- elevated white blood cell count
LEUCOCYTOSIS
53
LOCAL INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE:
Abscess Granuloma Ulcer
54
-elevated levels of calcium
hypercalcemia
55
Abnormal new growth of cells which compete with normal cells & tissues for metabolic needs
Neoplasia (tumor)
56
excessive fluid in the interstitial tissue or cavities
EDEMA
57
2 CATEGORIES OF TUMOR:
BENIGN MALIGNANT
58
- resemble their cells of origin, remain localized without spreading And offers a good prosis
BENIGN
59
- cells poorly differentiated, invade & destroy adjacent structures and spreads out (metastasis) and could lead to bad prognosis
MALIGNANT
60
tissue death or necrosis due to inadequate blood supply to the affected area.
Infarction
61
most important adaptive changes
hypertrophy atrophy hyperplasia metaplasia
62
has high protein and celluar debris
exudates
63
low protein
transudates
64
generalized edema. all over
anasarca
65
localized edema. in one location
elephantiasis
66
new growth in tumor
alteration of cell growth
67
caused by physicians and their treatment
iatrogenic
68
developed in hospitals or acute care facility
nosocomial
69
contracted outide the healt facility
communities acquired
70
underlying cause of disease unknown
idiopathic
71
revesible change from one adult type cell to another
metaplasia

RADIOLOGIC PATHOLOGY (5 decks)

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