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rad posi > FINALS > Flashcards

FINALS Flashcards

1
Q

This Position is used primarily to demonstrate any lateral or medial displacement in Fracture of the nasal bone.

A

Tangential

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2
Q

The success of tangential position for nasal bone depends on.

l. Placing the GAL perpendicular to the film
ll. Directing the central ray parallel to the GAL perpendicular to the film
lll. placing the MSP 15 degrees to the plane of the IR

A

1 Placing the GAL perpendicular to the film
2 Directing the central ray parallel to the GAL perpendicular to the film.

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3
Q

The CR in AP projection of the coccyx is directed

A

To a point 2” above to the symphysis pubis.

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4
Q

It does not demonstrate in the routine lateral projection of the thoracic vertebrae.

A

T1-T3

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5
Q

In AP oblique projection, the sacro-iliac joint demonstrate is the one

A

Closer to the film

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6
Q

The intervertebral disc spaces when performing the cervical vertebrae is demonstrated by

A

Taking flexion and extension view

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7
Q

Which of the following statement is FALSE regarding lateral projection of the cranium?

A

MSP is perpendicular

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8
Q

In the AP axial projection TOWNE method of the cranium with the CR directed 30 degrees caudally to the OML and passing midway between the EAM, which of the following is best demonstrated?

A

Occipital Bone

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9
Q

Which of the following is FLASE regarding the PA projection of the cranium, with CR perpendicular to the film?

A

Petrous pyramid film the lower 3rd of the orbits

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10
Q

In oblique projection for lumbosacral vertebrae which of the following structure represents the eye of the Scotty dog sign?

A

Pedicle

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11
Q

The skull classified that the shape of the head is average

A

Mesocephalic

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12
Q

In a dolicocephalic skull, the petrous pyramid forms an angle of how many degrees?

A

40 degrees

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13
Q

Which of the following correctly positioned a PA projection by Caldwell method for the general survey of the cranium?

I. OML perpendicular to the IR
II. MSP is parallel to the film
III. CR 15 degrees caudal

A
  • OML perpendicular to the image receptor
  • CR 15 degrees caudal
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14
Q

What term id used to describe the baseline between the EAM and outer canthus of the eye?

A

Orbito-meatal Line

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15
Q

What sinus is best visualize in parietocanthial projection (waters

A

Maxillary

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16
Q

How many degree difference if angukation are, between the OML and IOML skull base lines?

A

7 degrees

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17
Q

Which of the following characteristics a Brachycephalic Skull
I. broad from side to side
II. long from front to back
III. 54 degrees between internal structures and MSP

A

1 and 3 only

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18
Q

Proper centering point for a lateral projection of the sella turcica.

A

¾’ anterior and ¾’ superior to the EAM

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19
Q

What projection is achieved if the patient is positioned so the MSP and OML are perpendicular to the image receptor and CR perpendicular exiting at the nasion

A

PA projection

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20
Q

The CR in PA projection of the cranium is directed perpendicular to

A

Nasion

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21
Q

Scotty dog sign in an oblique position of the lumbar vertebrae indicates that

A

zygapophyseal articulation are well demonstrated

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22
Q

Modified water for facial bones places the OML how many degrees in relation of the film?

A

55 degrees

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23
Q

Patient is seated or supine, head hyperextended, resting on the vertex, CR perpendicular to IOML midway between goinions, what is the pojection?

A

submentovertico

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24
Q

Line perpendicular to the plane of the film in intra-oral projection of the nasal bone

A

glabelloalveolar line

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25
Q

Sinus demonstrated in waters open mounth.

A

sphenoid

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26
Q

In submento-vertico projection, what line id parallel to the film?

A

infraorbitomeatal line

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27
Q

In PA projection of the cranium, what structure is demonstrated if the CR is 20-25 degrees caudal?

A

superior orbital fissure

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28
Q

The following are true in lateral position of sella turcica, EXCEPT

a. patient in semi-prone
b. CR perpendicular 3/4 inch above the EAM
c. close beam restriction is needed
d. IOML is perpendicular

A

IOML is perpendicular

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29
Q

In Rhese Method for the optic foramen, the MSP if the hand is forming how many degrees to the plane of the film?

A

53 degrees

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30
Q

In submentovertico projection, the CR is perpendicular to which of the following:

A

Infraorbitomeatal line

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31
Q

What structure is demonstrated in towne position, if the CR is 40 to 60 degrees caudal?

A

foramen magnum

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32
Q

Why does PA projection usually and generally recommended over AP projection in performing scoliosis study of the vertebral column?

I. PA projection is more comfortable to the patient
II. patient can easily hold on to the vertical grid device for support
III. the quantity of radiation received by the gonadal area of the patient is reduced

A

3 only

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33
Q

Method that demonstrates lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae in recumbent.

A

pawlow

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34
Q

The CR for a lateral projection for atlas and axis is directed to a point:

A

1inch below the mastoid process

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35
Q

It is used to demonstrate the entire cervical vertebrae.

A

Wagging jaw technique

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36
Q

What structure is evaluated in an oblique projection of the cervical vertebrae?

A

Intervertebral foramina

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37
Q

What is the CR angulation for a PA projection of the sacrum?

A

15 degrees caudad

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38
Q

It requires right and left bending for scoliosis study.

A

Spinal fusion series

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39
Q

What CR angulation should be used to demonstrate coccyx when the patient is in prone?

A

10 degrees cephalad

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40
Q

Which of the following cervical vertebrae are atypical?
I. atlas and axis
II. C3 and C6
III. C7

A

1 and 3

41
Q

To obtain an AP projection of the cervical vertebrae without superimposition of the mandible, one should:

I. direct the CR 15 to 20 degrees cephalad
II. direct the CR perpendicular to the film
III. extend the chin

A

2 and 3 only

42
Q

Reference point used to demonstrate the lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae in swimmer’s lateral.

A

C7-T1 interspaces

43
Q

What structure is forming 30 to 60 degrees to MSP in performing an oblique projection of the lumbar vertebrae?

A

zygapophyseal articulation

44
Q

What central ray is utilized when the vertebral column is not elevated to a horizontal plane in a male patient in lateral projection of the thoracic vertebrae?

A

15 degrees cephalad

45
Q

In lateral projection of the lumbar vertebrae, the film is centered at the level of:

A

1 to 1 1/2 inches above the iliac crest

46
Q

In AP axial oblique projection of the sacroiliac joint, the CR is directed 1 inch medial and 1 1/2 inches distal to elevated ASIS at:

A

20 to 25 degrees cephalad

47
Q

Which of following may be utilized to reduce lordotic curve in AP projection of the lumbar vertebrae?

A

flex the hips and knees and back in contact with the table

48
Q

Method used to demonstrate the dens lying within the shadow of the foramen magnum in AP

A

Fuchs

49
Q

Which of the following correctly positioned a PA projection by caldwell method for the general survey of the cranium?

I. OML perpendicular to the film
II. MSP is parallel to the film
III. CR 15 degrees caudal exiting the nasion

A

OML perpendicular to the film
CR 15 degrees caudal exiting nasion

50
Q

Which of the following projections demonstrates the amount/degree of curvature that occurs with the force of gravity acting on the body?

I. PA projection
II. PA projection right and left bending
III. lateral projection upright

A

1 and 3

51
Q

What is the central ray for PA axial oblique projection kovacs method of the 5th lumbar?

A

15-30 degrees caudad

52
Q

Where does the central ray enters when performing PA axial projection of the lumbosacral junction?

A

spinous process of L4

53
Q

It forms the posterior portion of the cranial dome.

A

occipital bone

54
Q

A butterfly shaped bone that forms part of the anterior floor and side of the cranium.

A

sphenoid bone

55
Q

The suture between the parietals and the temporal bone.

A

squamous

56
Q

Projection that demonstrates all four paranasal sinuses.

A

Lateral

57
Q

Projection that provides an excellent demonstration of the sphenoidal sinus for patients who cannot be placed in submentovertico projection.

A

Waters open mouth

58
Q

Articulations between the heads of the ribs and bodies of the thoracic vertebrae.

A

costovertebral

59
Q

Which of the following method demonstrates the dens lying within the shadow of the foramen magnum?

I. grandy method
II. judd method
III. fuchs method

A

2 and 3 only

60
Q

Which of the following conditions are demonstrated in performing lateral hyperflexion and hyperextension of the cervical vertebrae?

I. anterior and posterior movement
II. absence of movement
III. motility of the cervical vertebrae

A

1, 2, and 3

61
Q

In AP and PA oblique projection of the thoracic vertebrae, the patient’s body is rotated so that the coronal plane should form how many degrees to the plane of the film?

A

70 degrees

62
Q

What structure is evaluated in PA axial oblique kovacs method?

A

L5 intervertebral foramina

63
Q

What is the CR for PA projection of the sacrum?

A

15 degrees caudad

64
Q

What method is termed as the “wagging jaw technique” to demonstrate the entire cervical vertebrae?

A

Ottonelo

65
Q

What body position is best utilized in projection of the paranasal sinuses?

A

Upright

66
Q

The OML is forming how many degrees to the plane of the film when performing waters method for paransal sinuses?

A

37 degrees

67
Q

In parietoorbital oblique projection rhese method for optic foramen, what line is perpendicular to the plane of the film?

A

Acantho-meatal line

68
Q

What projection/method best demonstrates “blow out fracture” of the facial bones?

A

modified Waters

69
Q

Which of the following sinuses are clearly demonstrated in submentovertico projection?

I. ethmoid sinus
II. frontal sinus
III. sphenoid sinus

A
  1. Ethmoid sinus
  2. sphenoid sinus
70
Q

What projection/method is achieved if the patient is in prone, neck extended to place the OML 55 degrees to the plane of the film and CR perpendicular to exit the acanthion to evaluate the facial bone?

A

Parieto-acanthial projection Modified Waters

71
Q

What projection of the paranasal sinuses demonstrate the petrous ridges lying inferior to the floor of maxillary sinuses?

A

Waters

72
Q

What projection/method of the mastoid process uses double tube angulation?

A

axiolateral oblique original law method

73
Q

What CR is utilized in axiolateral oblique projection modified law method for mastoid process?

A

15 degrees caudal

74
Q

What method utilized the MSP at 45 degrees and central 45 degrees caudal exiting EAM closest to the film to demonstrate petromastoid portion?

A

Stenvers method

75
Q

What projection for paranasal sinuses is using angle grid technique?

A

PA Caldwell

76
Q

What projection of the paranasal sinuses places the petrous pyramid at the inferior 3rd of the orbit?

A

pa caldwell

77
Q

Projection for the orbits used to project the petrous portions of the temporal bones below the inferior margin of the orbits?

A

PA Axial

78
Q

Proper positioning of parietoorbital projection rhese method by showing the optic canal:

A

at the inferior and lateral quadrant of the orbit

79
Q

In lateral projection of the facial bones, the CR is perpendicular entering

A

halfway between the outer canthus and EAM

80
Q

This is sometimes referred to as the “three point landing” position.

A

Rhese Method

81
Q

The lower jaw bone.

A

Mandible

82
Q

The only freely movable joint in the head.

A

Temporomandible Joint

83
Q

It forms the superior and lateral portions of the cranium.

A

Parietal bones

84
Q

Vertebral curvature with convexity posteriorly.

A

Lordotic

85
Q

What plane is perpendicular to the table or grid device in AP axial projection of the cervical vertebrae?

A

Occlusal Plane

86
Q

Sub-nasal point which is the reference point for waters projection

A

ACANTHION

87
Q

Site of the spinal fusion area.

A

Lumbar

88
Q

Position that demonstrated spondylolisthesis and exaggerated degree of kyphosis and lordosis.

A

Lateral Upright

89
Q

It forms part of the nasal septum.

A

Vomer

90
Q

The bilateral superior border of the orbit.

A

Supercilliary Bridge

91
Q

The point on the skull to the junction of the coronal and sagittal suture.

A

BREGMA

92
Q

Type of the skull described as long from front to back and narrow from side to side.

A

DOLICOCEPHALIC

93
Q

What structure is demonstrated in PA projection of the cranium, if the CR is angulated 25 to 30 degrees caudal?

A

ROTUNDUM FORAMINA

94
Q

What CR is utilized in PA projection of the cranium to show the petrous pyramid fills the orbit?

A

Perpendicular to exit nasion

95
Q

Facial bones that help to form the orbits.

A

LACRIMAL

96
Q

Another term for inion.

A

EXTERNAL OCCIPITAL PROTUBERANC

97
Q

It connects the bilateral superior border of the orbit.

A

GLABELLA

98
Q

Meeting of the eyelids medially.

A

INNER CANTHUS

99
Q

Cartilaginous projection in front of the ear.

A

TRAGUS

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