FINALS

Question 1

What are the birth defects or deformities?

Answer 1

Trisomy 21
Spina bifida
Hydrocephaly
Anencephaly
Esophageal atresia
Duodenal Atresia

Question 2

Refers to deliberately putting a person suffering from an incurable and agonizing disease into a painless and peaceful death

Answer 2

euthanasia

Question 3

ethical standards of euthanasia

Answer 3

Euthanasia is intrinsically wrong as it implies direct and deliberate killing of an individual; hence, murder. The motive of the act which is to cease the agony of the patient will not and can never be justified by its evil means, killing.

Question 4

Classifications of Euthanasia

Answer 4

Active voluntary
Passive voluntary
Active non voluntary
Passive non voluntary

Question 5

one in which either a physician, spouse,
friend will terminate the person’s life upon his request

Answer 5

Active voluntary

Question 6

one in which the terminally ill patient
is simply allowed to die as requested by the patient

Answer 6

Passive voluntary

Question 7

occurs when it is the physician, spouse, relative, friend who decides that the life of the terminally ill patient be terminated

Answer 7

active non voluntary

Question 8

occurs when the terminally ill patient is simply allowed to die as requested by the immediate family members or the attending physician

Answer 8

Passive non voluntary

Question 9

Direct and willful destruction of one’s own life; usually destructive and violent termination of life
- Self-murder

Answer 9

suicide

Question 10

There is no crime when ther is no law punishing it

Answer 10

Nullum crimen nulla poene sine lege

Question 11

A treatment that appears to be real but is designed to have no therapeutic benefit.

Answer 11

Placebo

Question 12

2 types of Placebo

Answer 12

single blind
double blind

Question 13

One in which the evaluations of the results of the treatment
are kept from the patients who have received it in order to prevent any alterations in the results to the researchers or to the patients themselves

Answer 13

single blind

Question 14

One in which the investigators and the patients involved in
the drug testing are kept ignorant about the process as they are not supposed to know who are receiving the drug and who are not. They are literally kept blind.

Answer 14

double blind

Question 15

Ethical standards of placebo

Answer 15

placebo is considered acceptable provided that the effect will be beneficial to the person and is being carried out for their own good and for others who are similarly situated; or the study will benefit the whole of the society in many instances and not only the experimental subjects.

Question 16

The science that deals with the interaction of the genes in producing similarities and differences between individuals related by descent.

Answer 16

Genetic engineering

Question 17

Nonsexual reproduction which is an identical duplicate of an
organism
- A technological process whereby a duplicate of an organism
is produced by replacing the nucleus of the unfertilized
ovum with the nucleus of the organism’s somatic cells

Answer 17

Cloning

Question 18

Purposes of cloning

Answer 18

a. Perpetuate geniuses
b. Prevent genetic disease in a selected posterity
c. Provide a genotype of one’s spouse, living or dead, of a deceased parent or other departed loved ones
d. Provide a form of immortality of donors
e. It can determine the sex of the children
f. Increase scientific knowledge about human reproduction
g. Reproduce soldiers and servant classes of people
h. It can exchange body parts and enhance social
communion

Question 19

Known as regenerative medicine that promotes repair response of diseased or dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives

Answer 19

stem cell technology

Question 20

during 3-5 days following fertilization, and prior implantation, a blastocyst (embryo) contains an inner cell mass that is capable of generating all the specialized tissues that make up the human body

Answer 20

embryonic stem cells

Question 21

created in the laboratory, a happy medium between adult stem cells and embryonic stem cells. They are created through the introduction of embryonic genes into somatic cells that cause it to revert back into a stem cell like state

Answer 21

induced pluripotent stem cells

Question 22

Refers to the means by which the sex of the offspring

Answer 22

sex selection

Question 23

sex selection is done in three ways

Answer 23

Pre implantation method
Post Implantation
Post Birth

Question 24

broader than pedophilia, it
is a sexual obsession with children including lesbian, and
heterosexual fixations as well as interest of men in boys.

Answer 24

sexual attachment to children

Question 25

obscene and prurient literature or art.

Answer 25

pornography

Question 26

when a person cannot anymore get sexually aroused without viewing pornographic representations or lascivious scenes

Answer 26

pornography addiction

Question 27

painful coitus which in female may be caused by small vaginal entrance, inflammation, thick and inelastic hymen, infection of the ovary or f.tube, vaginal shrinkage, sagging of the pelvic structure and lack of lubrication while in male may be caused by inflammation

Answer 27

dyspareunia

Question 28

strong spasmodic contractions of the muscles at the entrance of the vagina resulting to the clocking of penile-vaginal intromission usually caused by extreme fear, extreme pain or poor personal relations between sex mates

Answer 28

vaginismus

Question 29

prolonged and persistent erection of the penis or the clitoris usually without sexual desire and cannot be relieved by orgasm usually resulted from spinal cord injuries

Answer 29

priapism

Question 30

an extreme and ungovernable sexual desires in women usually relieved with orgasms but the sexual desire was so intense that absent sex would go her into madness

Answer 30

nymphomania

Question 31

refers to an extreme and ungovernable sexual desires in men

Answer 31

satyriasis

Question 32

very rare condition in which an individual has both sex organs of a male and a female

Answer 32

hermaphroditism

Question 33

is a sex anomaly in which a male has one or two hidden or undescended testes

Answer 33

cryptorchidism

Question 34

very rare sexual phenomenon wherein, the penis is capture by the vagina in such a way that the male cannot release himself.

Answer 34

penis captivus

Question 35

STIs

Answer 35

Gonorrhea Syphilis HIV AIDS

Question 36

a sexually transmitted disease caused by Neisseria gonorrhae. It is usually characterized by painful urination with blood-tinted or pus discharge in male while most of the time is asymptomatic in female. However, female may also experience painful urination, discharge of pus and itching and burning sensation of the vaginal lip – vulva

Answer 36

Neisseria gonorrhae

Question 37

a sexually transmitted disease caused by Triponema pallidum. It is characterized by formation of a chancre sore usually on the lips, face, anus and genitals.

Answer 37

syphilis

Question 38

blood-borne virus that attacks the body’s immune system

Answer 38

HIV

Question 39

the advanced stage of HIV infection characterized by dropping of CD4 T- cells below 200 causing the immune system to be badly damaged.

Answer 39

AIDS

Question 40

Commandments of safer sex

Answer 40

1. Use condo, 2. Be loyal 3. Avoid needle stick 4. Don’t swallow semen or lick vaginas when in doubt 5. Know your status

Question 41

permanent cessation of all bodily functions;

Answer 41

Death (medically)

Question 42

cessation of life as indicated by the absence of blood circulation, respiration, pulse and other vital functions

Answer 42

death (legally)

Question 43

irreversible cessation of the electroencephalogram (total flatline of the cerebral function), spontaneous function of the respiratory and circulatory system

Answer 43

Death (medico-legally)

Question 44

3 vital organs that sustain life

Answer 44

heart lungs brain

Question 45

is when the patient shows total unreceptivity or unawareness to all external stimuli and is unresponsive to pain; the pupils of the eyes loss reflexes dilated and fixed (unresponsive to light)

Answer 45

brain death

Question 46

is based on the cessation of blood circulation and breathing.

Answer 46

clinical death

Question 47

Characteristics of death

Answer 47

1. ineffable 2. inescapable 3. beyond experience 4. personal 5. ontological 6. grand equalizer