Finals Flashcards by Elaine Palaganas

Associated with congenital heart disease and pierre robin syndrome

Congenital micrognathia

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Postnatal in origin

Acquired micrognathia

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Severe retrusion of the chin

Mandibular micrognathia

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Hereditary condition and only occurs in mandible

Pierre robin syndrome or anomalad

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Triad of PRS

Micrognathia
Cleft palate
Glossoptosis

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Continuous enlargement of the jaw particularly of the maxilla

Paget’s or osteitis deformans

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Form of gigantism associated with hyperpituitarism

Acromegaly

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Enlargement of tongue

Macroglossia

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Overbite and overjet is zero

Edge to edge

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Heterotopic collection of sebaceous gland seen as yellow spots

Fordyce’s granules

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Malformation of the lip associated with oral cleft

Congenital and commisural pits and fistula

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Fold of excess tissue on the inner mucosal aspect of the lip

Double lip

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Frenal fibers are attached up to mucogingival junction

Mucosal frenal attachment

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Fibers are inserted within attached gingiva

Gingival frenum attachment

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Frenal fibers accross the alveolar process and extend up to palatine papilla

Papilla penetrating frenal attachment

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Indication for removal of frenal attachment

Closure of midline diastema
Restrict lip movement
Causes speech problems
Causes gingiva recessions

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How to correct midline diastema

Initial closure by orthodontic treatment
Remove the frenum
After eruption of permanent canine
Frenectomy should be delayed until after alignment and space

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Scalloping of the tongue

Crenated tongue

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Tongue tied or fusion of the to tongue the floor of the mouth

Ankyloglossia

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Small furrows and grooves prone to candidiasis, reddish in color and devoid form of filiform papillae

Fissured tongue

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Red patch with white keratotic border aka geographic tongue or wandering rash

Benign migratory glossitis

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Elongated filiform papillae

Hairy tongue

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Exciting factors of hairy tongue

Candida albicans

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Systemic factors of hairy tongue

Anemia
Gastric ulcers

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Initiating factors of hairy tongue

Antibiotic Corticosteroid Oxygenating mouth rinse Smoker Radiation therapy

Rhomboid reddish patch due to failure of tuberculum impar to retract

Median rhomboid glossitis

Occurs the lesion above the waist

HSV 1

Occurs lesion below waist, genitalia

HSV 2

Why the virus is neurotropic

Infects the peripheral nerve Migrates to regional ganglion Remain dormant Undetected by immune system Activation result in migration along the nerve axon

Precipitating factors that suppressed the immune system

Emotional stress Trauma Cold Fever

Patient's saliva and secretion are highly contagious

Initial stage or vesicular

Rapture of the vesicle

Ulcer

After the ulcer heal

Scab or crust

Lesion is healed and dormant again

Complete resolution

Incubation period of HSV

1-2 weeks

First time has the lesion and occur in children

Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

Multiple small, punctuate and shallow ulcers

Mild form of primary herpetic gingivostomatitis

Large, diffuse, whitish ulcers with scallaped border

Severe form

Fever and lymphadenopathy, muscle soreness and inability to eat that last 2-10 days

Systemic manifestation

Burning sensation or pain

Recurrent oral herpes simplex

Fluid filled and resolve as crusted brownish lesion

Recurrent herpes labialis

Wet and fragile mucosa, punctuate with red and white lesion

Recurrent intraoral herpes

Mothers experiencing primariy HSV infection

Neonatal HSV

Pustular surrounded by a wide sone of erythema

Herpetic whitlow

Inhalation of droplets, painful, pruritic vesicles

Varicella

Stages of varicella

Vesicle, ulcer and crust

Unilateral multiple ulcers, second part of varicella

Herpes zoster or shingles

Occurs in children has fever and sore throat caused by coxsackie virus

Herpangina

Highly contagious caused by paramyxovirus

Measles

Has fever, respiratory symtomps and rash caused by togavirus

German measles

Has petechiae of the soft palate caused by beta hemolytic streptococcus

Pharyngitis and tonsilitis

Acute pustular eruption on perioral skin caused by streptococcus pyogenes and staphylococcus aureus

Impetigo

Caused by myobacterium tuberculae spread by airborne droplets

Tubercolosis

Chronic bacterial disease and has swelling of the mandible caused by actinomyces israeli

Actinomycosis

Painfuo elevated plaques that can be scraped off

Candidiasis

Fungal colonies on inflammed mucosa

Acute candidiasis

Sore mouth

Denture stomatitis

Form of hyperkeratosis

Hyperplastic

Co-infected with staphylococcus aureus

Perleche

Continuous denture wearing day and night

Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia

Pinpoint hyperemia

Type 1 IPH

Diffuse erythema

Type 2 IPH

Exophilic red and nodular

Type 3 IPH

Surgical approach of IPH

Mucoabrasion Electrosurgery

Causes of white lesion

Thick surface layer of keratin Acanthotic epithelium Edematou epithelial cells Exudates and adherent surface debris

What are the epithelial alterations

Hyperorthokeratosis Hyperparakeratosis Acanthosis

What are the changes in connective tissue

Decrease in vascularity Increase in collagen content

Execessive thickened layer of the stratum corneum

Hyperkeratosis

Keratin layer without residual

Hyperorthokeratosis

Keratin layer with residual

Hyperparakeratosis

Thickened layer of the spinous layer of squamous epith

Acanthosis

Produce white lesion that cannot be easily removed by rubbing

Leukoplakia

Viral in nature and caused by epstein-barr virus

Hairy leukoplakia

Intracellular accumulation of fluid within spinous layer

Leukoedema

Thick and spongy consistency

White sponge nevus

Caused by pipe and cigar and has red dots surounded by white elevated keratotic ring

Nicotine stomatitis

Cause is unknown and may be autoimmune disease

Lichen planus

Most common oral form of lichen planus

Reticular form

Painful form

Erosive

Rare form

Atropic,papular and plaque types

Cheek and lip chewing and has keratotic surface

Morsication buccarum

Frequent and prolonged contact with spices

Oral submucous fibrosis

Caused by carcinoma in situ and epithelial dysplasia and a clinical term for red patch

Erythyoplakia

Bright red, soft with straight scalloped

Homogenous form

Soft red lesion with irregular outline

Speckled erythroplakia

Vitamin C deficiency

Scurvitic gingivitis

Anticonvulsant

Dilantin sodium

Antihypertensive

Nifedipine

Immunosuppresant

Cyclosporin

Other name of ANUG

Vincent's infection or trench mouth

2 types of suprabony

Gingival or pseudo pocket Periodontal or true pocket

Base is still the same and above bone level

Gingival or pseudo pocket

Apical migration of the base and has horizontal bone loss

Periodontal pocket or true pocket

Deepening of the sulcus and has vertical bone loss

Infrabony and infracrestal pocket

Oral manifestation of skin disease in gingivosis

Pemphigus

Intense redness and desquamation of the surface epitheliuk

Gingivosis or Chronic desquamative gingivitis

Rapid loss of alveolar bone about more than 1 tooth

Juvenile periodontitis Rapidly aggresive periondontitis Periondontosis

Proliferation of fibrous connective tissue

Peripheral fibroma

Consisting of reactive hyperplasia with coalesced calcified structure

Peripheral ossifying fibroma

Excessive proliferation of granulation tissue from calculus

Pyogenic granuloma Granuloma gravidarum

Extraosseous nodule composed of mononuclear and mononucleated giant cells. 0.5 to 1.5mm

Peripheral giant cell

Proliferation of granulation tissue from extraction

Epulis granulomatosum

Enlargment of lips

Macrocheila

Form of fibrous dysplasia and enlargement of maxilla

Leontiasis ossea

Non healing ulcer just like oral TB

Gumma

Disease of treponema pallidum

Syphilis and congenital syphilis

What stage is gumma or glossitis

Tertiary

Maculopapular rash

Secondary

Triad of hutchinson

Dental anomalies , mulberry 8th sense deafness Interstitial keratitis

Burst of of blood veseels caused by eipstein barr virus

Petechiae

Bleeding larger in size

Ecchymoses

Nevus in basement membrane

Abtropfung effect