FINALS

Question 1

PHILOSOPHY
- Comes from two Greek words;

Answer 1

Philos>love, sophia>wisdom

Question 2

· Perspective that considers large scale patters in systems often described as looking at the “big picture”

Answer 2

HOLISTIC THINKING

Question 3

· A perspective that focuses on specific aspects of a situation
· Requires an individual to focus on certain areas

Answer 3

partial thinking

Question 4

branches of philosophy

Answer 4

Metaphysics
Epistemology
Axiology

Question 5

 That deals with the first principle of things, including abstract concepts such as being, knowing, substance, cause, identity, time and space

Answer 5

metaphysics

Question 6

Branches of metaphysics

Answer 6

ontology
psychical
physical metaphysics

Question 7

study of what applies neutrally to everything that is real

Answer 7

ontology

Question 8

also known as philosophy of religion

Answer 8

psychical

Question 9

which discusses the real nature of time, space, laws of nature and matter etc

Answer 9

physical metaphysics

Question 10

○ Nature of the human knowledge and how to obtain it
○ the theory of knowledge
○ Is the investigation of what distinguishes justified belief from opinion

Answer 10

epistemology

Question 11

Also called the theory of value

Answer 11

axiology

Question 12

Axiology in greek meaning

Answer 12

Axios; “worthy” , logos; “science”

Question 13

branches of axiology

Answer 13

ethics
aesthetics

Question 14

deals with distinction between right and wrong, with the moral consequences of human actions, also known as MORAL PHILOSOPHY

Answer 14

Ethics

Question 15

deals with the nature and beauty and taste, as well as the philosophy of art, often expressed through judgements of taste

Answer 15

Aesthetics

Question 16

any small decisions we make in a day

Answer 16

micro decisions

Question 17

an average adult makes about______remotely conscious decision each day

Answer 17

35,000

Question 18

Is a step towards more wisdom

Answer 18

Empathy

Question 19

Is the soundness of an action with regard to the application of experience, knowledge, and good judgment

Answer 19

Wisdom

Question 20

A fact or belief that is accepted as true is called______

Answer 20

Truth

Question 21

attacking the person

Answer 21

ad hominem

Question 22

Appeal to force

Answer 22

Argumentum ad baculum

Question 23

Metaphysics answers the question_____

Answer 23

ano ang nandyan

Question 24

answers the question pano mo nalaman

Answer 24

epistemology

Question 25

fallacy: committed when one reaches a generalization based on insufficient evidence

Answer 25

Hasty generalization

Question 26

Fallacy: Uses emotions such as pity to convince someone

Answer 26

argumentum ad misericordiam

Question 27

the bandwagon fallacy

Answer 27

argumentum ad populum

Question 28

Fallacy: the conclusion is taken for granted in the premises begging the question

Answer 28

Petitio principii

Question 29

appeal to ignorance

Answer 29

argumentum ad ignorantiam

Question 30

a prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group

Answer 30

BIAS

Question 31

the use of invalid or otherwise faulty reasoning

Answer 31

fallacy

Question 32

One philosophical view that believes maintaining order in the environment will bring out the natural beauty of the surroundings and contribute to the well-being of the people and other organisms living in it.

Answer 32

Environmental aesthetics

Question 33

Moral approach that analyzes the relationship between humans and the environment.

Answer 33

Environmental ethics

Question 34

3 major views regarding the relationship between humanity and the environment

Answer 34

ANTHROPOCENTRISM BIOCENTRISM ECOCENTRISM

Question 35

Focuses on the significant role of humankind in the world and considers nature as the means by which humans can meet their needs and survive.

Answer 35

Anthropocentrism

Question 36

Believes that humans are not the only significant species on the planet and that all organisms have inherent value and should be protected.

Answer 36

Biocentrism

Question 37

Places great value on ecosystems and biological communities; a nature-centered, as opposed to human-centered(anthropocentrism) , system of values.

Answer 37

Ecocentrism

Question 38

Types of Environmental ethics

Answer 38

-Anthropocentrism = aalagaan kita dahil kailangan kita -Biocentrism = value other life forms -Ecocentrism = every life forms are interconnected

Question 39

the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint

Answer 39

Freedom

Question 40

What are the possible hindrances towards FREEDOM

Answer 40

Resources Position of Power Experience

Question 41

an individual’s opportunity and autonomy to perform an action selected from at least two available options, unconstrained by external parties.

Answer 41

Freedom of choice

Question 42

Freedom have -

Answer 42

- Consequences - Some things are given up while others are obtained in making choices

Question 43

The general term commonly used to refer to the entire human race; humanity, mankind.

Answer 43

Man

Question 44

refers to man as a species; Homo sapiens.

Answer 44

Human

Question 45

A much more complex term which generally refers to a human being granted recognition of certain rights, protection, responsibilities, and dignity; totality of an individual.

Answer 45

Person

Question 46

A general term refers to the state of being a person with unique, sacred and ethical status within him/herself.

Answer 46

Personhood

Question 47

A general term refers to the characteristics that distinguish humans from all other creatures. A collective trait that formed and considered the very essence of humanity. Nobody can be considered man without human nature.

Answer 47

Human nature

Question 48

Is an animating core living within each of us, It is known to be the driving force behind what we actually think, do and say. It is indeed the reflections of our total being by which our sensations lead to our human feelings, emotions and decision.

Answer 48

Embodied spirit

Question 49

Ability to surpass limits.  Existence or experience beyond the normal or physical level.

Answer 49

Transcendence

Question 50

Essence of Transcendence

Answer 50

is to acknowledge our limitations, identify possibilities for development and change ourselves for the better.

Question 51

Sapat o nararapat (PPT NI SIR, 2024) o It refers to conserving our natural resources so that the future generations will still be able to use it (Abella, 2016).

Answer 51

Equity

Question 52

Wais sa paggamit / Pinag-isipan (PPT NI SIR, 2024) o Is the capacity to direct and discipline one’s activities and behavior using reason. It is the behavior that is cautious and, as much as possible, keeps away from any risks.

Answer 52

Prudence

Question 53

Tipid (PPT NI SIR, 2024) o Is the quality of being Thrifty. It is the careful supervision of one’s resources. Frugality, aside from prudence, is another fundamental value that can help us develop a sense of right and wrong and attain whatever we want in life.

Answer 53

Frugality

Question 54

To ensure environment’s integrity = resources = human survival (PPT NI SIR, 2024) o Means that any human activities or economic advances should not unduly disrupt the environment

Answer 54

Environmental Integrity

Question 55

Maximize the use of goods/resources = most valuable uses = to eliminate or minimize waste (PPT NI SIR, 2024) o this is to ensure that there is minimum to zero waste in using our natural resources (Abella, 2016).

Answer 55

Economic Efficiency