Finals

Question 1

simulatiles and differences of procaryotic and eukaryotic

Answer 1

procarkyotic are unicellur and very small, eukaryotic are larger and multicellular. they both have Cell Membrane. …
Genetic Material. …
Ribosomes. …
Cytoplasm. ..

Question 2

what are the major forms of life on earth

Answer 2

animals, plants, protists, bacteria

Question 3

characteristics of protists

Answer 3

eukarototic, most unicelluar, some heterotrophic, ‘junk drawer kingdom.’

Question 4

plants

Answer 4

Eukaryotic
Always Multicellular
Always Autotrophic
Always have a cell wall
Many have a more
regular shape “brick-like”
Green Chloroplasts MAY
be visible

Question 5

animals

Answer 5

Eukaryotic
Always Multicellular
Always Heterotrophic
Do not have a cell wall
shapes vary greatly
depending on type of cell

Question 6

bacteria

Answer 6

Prokaryotic
Always Unicellular
live together in large groups
Cannot see any internal
structures
Most are Heterotrophic,
some are Autotrophic
3 common shapes
round - “cocci”
rod - “bacilli”
spiral - “spirilli”

Question 7

fungi

Answer 7

Eukaryotic
Most are Multicellular, some are unicellular (yeast)
Always Heterotrophic
(like animals)
Always have a cell wall
(like plants)

Question 8

cell

Answer 8

the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism, typically microscopic and consisting of cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane. Microscopic organisms typically consist of a single cell

Question 9

organelle

Answer 9

structures that carry out special functions inside a cell.

Question 10

molecule

Answer 10

The smallest particle of a substance that has all of the physical and chemical properties of that substance.

Question 11

cell membrane

Answer 11

lipid bilayer that separates the cell from the external environment and controls exchanges between the cell and its environment.

Question 12

cytoplasm

Answer 12

a semi fluid substance taht is enclsoed by cells plasma membrane.

Question 13

ribosomes

Answer 13

a minute particle consisting of RNA and associated proteins found in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells.

Question 14

chloroplast

Answer 14

an organelle within the cells of plants and certain algae that is the site of photosynthesis,

Question 15

nucleas

Answer 15

organelle withdouble membrane

Question 16

cell wall

Answer 16

the firm nonliving layer that encloses and supports the cells of most plants, bacteria, fungi, and algae.

Question 17

autotroph

Answer 17

organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals.

Question 18

heterotroph

Answer 18

an organism that eats other plants or animals for energy and nutrients

Question 19

surface water

Answer 19

any body of water above ground, including streams, rivers, lakes, wetlands, reservoirs, and creekswater that exists underground in saturated zones beneath the land surface.

Question 20

ground water

Answer 20

water that exists underground in saturated zones beneath the land surface.

Question 21

dissolved solids

Answer 21

any minerals, salts, metals, cations or anions dissolved in water.

Question 22

contaminant

Answer 22

to make something less pure or make it poisonous

Question 23

suspended particles

Answer 23

any small bits of solid material or liquid that can become airborne.

Question 24

turbidity

Answer 24

measure of the level of particles such as sediment, plankton, or organic by-products, in a body of water.

Question 25

microbe

Answer 25

a small living thing, another word for microorganism

Question 26

physical

Answer 26

Use of screens, coarse materials, and gravity to separate unwanted debris & particles from water.

Question 27

chemical

Answer 27

Kill microorganisms cause dissolved substances to clump and sink

Question 28

biological

Answer 28

Use of living microorganisms (bacteria) that break down harmful materials

Question 29

macromolecule

Answer 29

a molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer.

Question 30

macronutrient and micronutrient

Answer 30

Nutrients that organisms require a small amount of (but are still essential) Vitamins & Minerals Nutrients that organisms require a LARGE amount of Biomolecules: Carbs, Fats, Protein, Nucleic Acids

Question 31

carbohydrate

Answer 31

quick energy stored energy structural molecules

Question 32

lipid

Answer 32

stored energy, insulation, cell membranes and hormones

Question 33

protein

Answer 33

muscles, enzymes, immune, strucural molecules, hormones and more

Question 34

nucleic acid

Answer 34

heredity and genetic instructions

Question 35

polymer

Answer 35

A polymer is a substance or material that consists of very large molecules, or macromolecules

Question 36

monomer

Answer 36

atoms or small molecules that bond together to form more complex structures such as polymers

Question 37

monosaccharide

Answer 37

Monosaccharides, also called simple sugars, are the simplest forms of sugars and cant be broken down

Question 38

fatty acid

Answer 38

during digestion, the body breaks down fats int ofatty acids

Question 39

amino acid

Answer 39

molecules that combine to form proteins

Question 40

vitamin

Answer 40

a group of substances that are needed for normal cell function, growth, and development.

Question 41

nucleotide

Answer 41

a molecule that is the basic building block of the nucleic acids DNA & RNA

Question 42

mineral

Answer 42

those elements on the earth and in foods that our bodies need to develop and function normally.

Question 43

metabolism

Answer 43

all the chemical processes going on continuously inside your body that allow life and normal functioning

Question 44

enzyme

Answer 44

proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies.