Finals

Question 0

Series of steps that biologists and other scientists use to gather information and answer questions; include observing and hypothesizing, experimenting, and fathering and interpreting results

Answer 0

Scientific method

Question 1

Designing an experiment (hypothesis, control, experiment, conclusion)

Answer 1

Experimental design

Question 2

Group of ecosystems with the same climax communities; biomes on land are called terrestrial, on water are called aquatic

Answer 2

Biomes

Question 3

Organism in a food chain that represents a feeding step in the passage of energy and materials through an ecosystem

Answer 3

Trophic levels

Question 4

Model that expresses all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community

Answer 4

Food web

Question 5

Organisms that use energy from the sun

Answer 5

Autotroph

Question 6

Consumers

Answer 6

Heterotroph

Question 7

Makes own energy

Answer 7

Producer

Question 8

Orderly, natural changes, and species replacements that take place in ecosystem communities over time

Answer 8

Succession (1st and 2nd)

Question 9

Association of different species

Answer 9

Symbiosis

Question 10

One harms another

Answer 10

Parasitism

Question 11

One benefits, one neither benefits or is harmed

Answer 11

Commensalism

Question 12

Both benefit

Answer 12

Mutualism

Question 13

Number of organisms of one species that an environment can support; populations below increase, above, decrease

Answer 13

Carrying capacity

Question 14

Variety of a life in an area

Answer 14

Biodiversity

Question 15

Occur when predators in a food web suppress the abundance or alter traits of their prey, thereby releasing the next lower trophic level from predation

Answer 15

Trophic cascade

Question 16

The arrangement or spread of people living in a given area

Answer 16

Population distribution

Question 17

Carbon, nitrogen, water, phosphorous cycles

Answer 17

Nutrient cycles

Question 18

+ charged center of an atom, contains protons and neutrons

Answer 18

Nucleus

Question 19

Positively charged particles, inside nucleus

Answer 19

Protons

Question 20

Negatively charged particles in electron cloud

Answer 20

Electrons

Question 21

Neutrally charged particles inside nucleus

Answer 21

Neutrons

Question 22

= protons

Answer 22

Atomic number

Question 23

= protons + neutrons

Answer 23

Atomic mass

Question 24

Chemical bond formed when two atoms combine by sharing electrons

Answer 24

Covalent bond

Question 25

Chemical bond formed by the attractive force between two ions of opposite charge

Answer 25

Ionic bond

Question 26

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus

Answer 26

Isotope

Question 27

Special characteristics of water

Answer 27

Polar, transports things, resists temperature changes

Question 28

Movement of particles from higher to an area of lower

Answer 28

Diffusion

Question 29

Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane depending on the concentration of solutes on either side of the membrane

Answer 29

Osmosis

Question 30

Molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule hVing a positive end and a negative end

Answer 30

Polar molecule

Question 31

Large, complex polymer essential to all life composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur; provided structure for tissues and organs and helps carry out cell metabolism

Answer 31

Proteins

Question 32

Main source for the body to gain energy ; carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Answer 32

Carbohydrates

Question 33

Insulate the body to maintain normal body temp, cushion internal organs for protection

Answer 33

Lipids

Question 34

Complex macromolecules such as rna and DNase, that store genetic information in cells in the form of a code

Answer 34

Nucleic acid

Question 35

Basic building blocks of protein molecules

Answer 35

Amino acids

Question 36

Covalent bond formed between amino acids

Answer 36

Peptide bond

Question 37

Type of protein found in all living things that increases the rate of chemical reactions

Answer 37

Enzyme

Question 38

Unicellular or multicellular organisms such as yeast, plants, and animals, composed of eukaryotic cells, which contain a true nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Answer 38

Eukaryotes

Question 39

Unicellular organisms, such as bacteria, composed of prokaryotic cells. They lack internal membrane bound structures

Answer 39

Prokaryote

Question 40

Membrane bound structures within eukaryotic cells

Answer 40

Organelles

Question 41

Clear, gelatinous fluid inside a cell

Answer 41

Cytoplasm

Question 42

ER is the site of chemical reactions. Areas where ribosomes do not attach to ER

Answer 42

Smooth ER

Question 43

ER has ribosomes attached

Answer 43

Rough ER

Question 44

Membrane bound fluid filled space in the cytoplasm of plant cells used for the temporary storage of materials

Answer 44

Vacuole

Question 45

Eukaryotic membrane bound organelles that transform energy stored in food molecules into atp; has a highly folded inner membrane that produces energy storing molecules

Answer 45

Mitochondria

Question 46

Chlorophyll containing cell organelles found in the cells of green plants and some protists; capture light energy from the sun, which is converted to chemical energy in food molecules

Answer 46

Chloroplasts

Question 47

In eukaryotic cells, the central membrane bound organelle that manages cellular functions and contains DNA

Answer 47

Nucleus

Question 48

Organelles that contain digestive enzymes; digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria

Answer 48

Lysosomes

Question 49

Firm, fairly rigid structure located outside the plasma membrane of plants, fungi, most bacteria, and some protists; provides support and protection

Answer 49

Cell wall

Question 50

The boundary between the cell and it's environment, to slow a steady supply of these nutrients to come into the cell no matter what the external conditions are

Answer 50

Cell membrane/ plasma membrane

Question 51

Critical for the formation and function; fatty acid rails are no polar, head of the phosphate is polar

Answer 51

Phospholipid bilateral

Question 52

Homeostasis

Answer 52

The process of maintaining balance within the cell

Question 53

Adaptation

Answer 53

Evolution of a structure, behavior, or internal process that enables an organism to respond to stimuli and better survive in an environment

Question 54

Carbohydrates

Answer 54

Main source for the body to gain energy, make up cell walls in plants

Question 55

Nucleus

Answer 55

Leader of the eukaryotic cell, contains the directions to make proteins

Question 56

Prokaryote

Answer 56

Cells lacking internal membrane bound structures, unicellular organisms, bacteria

Question 57

Ribosomes

Answer 57

Non membrane bound organelles in the nucleus where enzymes and other proteins are assembled

Question 58

Phospholipid bilayer

Answer 58

Two layers of phospholipids back to back (lipids with a phosphate group--phosphorous and oxygen)

Question 59

Compare/contrast plant and animal cells

Answer 59

Animal cells have vacuoles | Plant cells are larger than animal cells, and have cell walls and chloroplasts