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pre ap world geography > FINALS > Flashcards

FINALS Flashcards

(96 cards)

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1
Q

map projection

A

an attempt to portray the earth on a flat surface . projections become distorted because the earth is a sphere

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2
Q

map scale

A

element of map that shows how a unit of distance on a map relates to real distnace on earth

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3
Q

compass rose

A

a diagram on the map that shows directions

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4
Q

longitude

A

the lines on a map or globe that measure vertically

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5
Q

lattitude

A

the horizontal lines

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6
Q

equator

A

horizontal line at zero degrees

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7
Q

prime meridian

A

the meridian of longitude at zero degrees

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8
Q

hemisphere

A

one half of a sphere

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9
Q

relative location

A

the location of something compared to something else

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10
Q

absolute locatiopn

A

where something is exatcly one arth

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11
Q

physical map

A

shows physical feautures of an area suchas river and elevationb

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12
Q

political map

A

shows state and national boundaries

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13
Q

thematic map

A

shows a single theme connected to a geographic area

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14
Q

plate tectonics

A

tectonic plates that make up the earth’s crust

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15
Q

convergent boundaries

A

boundaries that converge to create mountains

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16
Q

divergent boundaries

A

boundaries that rift valleys

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17
Q

transform boundaries

A

the plates are moving opposite directions …… these cuase eathquakes and volcanoes

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18
Q

weathering

A

works by breaking things down at the earth’s surface. wind , water , ice and living things cause this

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19
Q

erosion

A

when rock sand and soil are broken into smaller pieces CARRYING IT AWAY

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20
Q

deposition

A

when rock particles or soil are dopped into a new location

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21
Q

peninsula

A

land surrounded by water on three sides

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22
Q

ithmus

A

narrow strip of land with water on both sides connecting two large pieces of land

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23
Q

glacier

A

big amount of ice

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24
Q

river system

A

rivers and their tributaries

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25
mesa
elevated flat top
26
what are mesa shaped by
erosion and convergent boundaries
27
what is a gulf
a very large bay
28
weather
the daily conditions of the atmosphere
29
climate
the average weather over time
30
relationship between the tilt and the seasons
the tilt cause seasons that are separated by the equator
31
5 major factors that affect climate
lattitude, ocean currents and wind, contientialty, elevation, mountain barrier,
32
why is latiitude the most important factor that affects climate
because the further from the equator the colder and drier it gets
33
what is conteintiality
how far inland something is
34
what is a climograph
graph that shows average temp and prec. for an area
35
what climates are near the equator
tropical
36
what vegatation near the equator
troppical rain forest
37
what climates near the poles
cold, dry and arid
38
population pyramid
divided into sexes from youngest to old to show populatio0n change
39
demographic transistion model
uses death and birth rates to show population chnage
40
life expentantsy
the avergae time a person may expect to live
41
population density
the number of people within a square mile
42
population distribution
pattern of settlement over a region
43
cultural diffusion
spread of culture traits in material and non material form
44
culture
way of life of a group of peopel who share similar traits
45
ethnic group
group of people who share common ancestry, language, religion, customs or place or origin
46
developed countries
countries that are wealthier with more advanced economies. comfortable way of life for their people
47
developping countries
poorer countries with a less advanced economy, trying to improve quality of life for their people
48
monarchy
one person rules, usually a king or queen. position is inherited
49
dictatorship
the ruler or dictator has absolute power, sometimes military
50
democracy
all eligible memebers of society can elect themselves
51
aristocracy
a governeing body usually made up of an upper class or heriditary nobility
52
communism
people share all the work then all the rewards
53
what is the difference between a state and a nation
a nation is a group of people united by something, while a state is considered a organised political community
54
free market
when economic descions are made by individuals
55
tradtional economy
shaped by tradition, often agriculture and followe established patterns
56
command economy
the governemnt controls the economy , the state descides how to use and spread out ressources
57
mixed ecocomy
mixed with command and free market economies
58
comerism
the idea that buying goods and services in huge abundances will be better off economically
59
urbanization
the way a population shifts from rual to urban areas and how society reacts to that change
60
comsumption
the using up of goods and services
61
infrastures
the organizational structures a society uses to function
62
urban sprawl
the rapid spread of development from urban to rural areas
63
gentrification
the arrival of wealthier people in an urban area, a related increase in rent, and change sin the area character and culture
64
new urbanism
promotes wallkable neighboorhoods with everything in the same place
65
immigration
people entering a geographic area
66
emigration
people leaving a geographic area
67
refugee
person who must leave their country
68
brain drain
smart people leave their home country
69
pull factors
attractive factors
70
push factors
factors that make you want to leave
71
tar sands
sand or sandstone that contains large amounts of crude oil in semi soid form
72
inuit
indigenous ppl from the north of canada
73
metis
mixed of first nation and french canadian
74
frist nation
not metis or inuit
75
nafta
north american free trade agreement
76
import
bringing goods
77
export
send good away
78
tariff
a tax paid on imports or exports
79
why is the panaman canal considered a chokepoint
because it is a small and narrow body of water providing passage to other regions
80
3 major civilisations in latin america
mayan, incan, aztecs
81
what is colonialism
taking control over a country or region and expoloiting it economically
82
what is an empire
extensive group of states under a single supreme authority
83
terrence farming
type of farming that consists of diffrent steps terraces made in mountains or hills
84
study anceint civilisations before exam
Ok
85
slash and burn farming
when forested land is clear cut then the vegatation is burned to create a nutrient rich layer for crops
86
columbian exhnage
the exchange of things across the new old world
87
rural decline
worsening economic conditions in a rural area, including risisng unemployement and poverty rates
88
spatial inequality
the unequal distribution of wealth or ressources across a geographic area
89
standard of liviing
overall level of comfort and well being of people ina group or counrty
90
deforestation
the permanent destruction of forest for other uses
91
envirmonetalist
person who is concerned with or advocates the well being of the envirmoent
92
land use conflcit
arguments about the best ways to use land
93
substinence farmers,
usually only grow enough food for their families
94
sustainable development
involves using ressources in ways that meet their needs without hurting the ability of futre generations to meet their needs
95
what does hdi stand for
human development index
96
how to measure hdi
heath, education , income

pre ap world geography (7 decks)

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