Finals Critical Care Part 1

Question 1

1. What is the mechanism of injury (MOI)?

Answer 1

The method by which a person is injured.

Question 2

2. What branch of mechanics is helpful in understanding trauma?

Answer 2

Kinetics.

Question 3

3. What is the most significant factor in determining the amount of kinetic energy?

Answer 3

Velocity.

Question 4

4. What does the law of inertia state?

Answer 4

A body at rest remains at rest, and a body in motion remains in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

Question 5

5. What are the three types of impacts in a vehicle collision?

Answer 5

Vehicle collision, body collision, and organ collision.

Question 6

6. What does a deformed steering wheel indicate in a collision?

Answer 6

Possible chest or abdominal injury.

Question 7

7. What is “Paper Bag Syndrome”?

Answer 7

Chest compression against the steering column causing lung damage.

Question 8

8. What injuries are common in a down-and-under pathway?

Answer 8

Injuries to knees, femurs, hips, acetabulum, and spine.

Question 9

9. What injury is reduced by a properly adjusted headrest in a rear-end collision?

Answer 9

Neck injury.

Question 10

10. What is a frequent outcome in rollover crashes for unrestrained occupants?

Answer 10

Multisystem trauma.

Question 11

11. What injuries are common in vehicle-pedestrian collisions?

Answer 11

Head, chest, abdomen, and extremities injuries depending on speed and impact points.

Question 12

12. What is the benefit of seat belts in collisions?

Answer 12

They reduce the risk of severe injury, though they can cause specific hidden injuries.

Question 13

13. How do motorcycle collisions typically result in injury?

Answer 13

Through impacts such as head-on collisions or angular impacts.

Question 14

14. What factors determine the severity of falls?

Answer 14

Distance, surface, and the body part that impacts first.

Question 15

15. What defines a severe fall in adults?

Answer 15

A fall of greater than 20 feet.

Question 16

16. What are the two main classifications of trauma?

Answer 16

Blunt trauma and penetrating trauma.

Question 17

17. What factors influence damage caused by gunshot wounds?

Answer 17

Trajectory, energy dissipation, and velocity.

Question 18

18. What is the primary injury in blast injuries?

Answer 18

Pressure wave injury.

Question 19

19. What is the “Golden Period” in trauma care?

Answer 19

The critical time to provide intervention for the best chance of survival.

Question 20

20. What is the “Platinum 10 Minutes” guideline?

Answer 20

Limit on-scene time to 10 minutes for severely injured patients.

Question 21

21. What is the purpose of a trauma system?

Answer 21

To provide immediate surgical intervention for critically injured patients.

Question 22

22. What is a Level 1 trauma center?

Answer 22

A regional center with the highest capabilities for trauma care.

Question 23

23. What is START triage?

Answer 23

A rapid system to categorize patients during mass-casualty incidents.

Question 24

24. What are the four categories of START triage?

Answer 24

Immediate (red), Delayed (yellow), Minimal (green), and Dead (black).

Question 25

25. What does the mnemonic "30-2-can do" represent in START triage?

Answer 25

Respiratory rate >30, capillary refill <2 seconds, and the ability to follow commands.

Question 26

26. What is the main focus of prehospital trauma care?

Answer 26

Personal safety, airway management, bleeding control, and rapid transport.

Question 27

27. What are the common injuries in frontal impacts?

Answer 27

Head, chest, abdominal, and lower extremity injuries.

Question 28

28. How does kinetic energy change during impact?

Answer 28

It transfers to other forms, causing damage.

Question 29

29. What is multisystem trauma?

Answer 29

Injuries involving multiple body systems with high morbidity and mortality.

Question 30

30. What are secondary injuries in blast trauma?

Answer 30

Injuries caused by projectiles and debris.

Question 31

31. What are tertiary injuries in blast trauma?

Answer 31

Injuries from being propelled by blast wind.

Question 32

32. What are quaternary injuries in blast trauma?

Answer 32

Injuries from exposure to hazardous materials or structural collapse.

Question 33

33. What is the purpose of rapid transport in trauma care?

Answer 33

To ensure timely surgical and critical care.

Question 34

34. What is the first step in START triage?

Answer 34

Direct ambulatory patients to a safe area.

Question 35

35. Why are helmet laws critical for motorcycle riders?

Answer 35

They significantly reduce head injuries.

Question 36

36. What injuries occur from improperly worn lap belts?

Answer 36

Abdominal and chest injuries.

Question 37

37. What is cavitation in gunshot trauma?

Answer 37

The path of energy causing a larger wound than the bullet itself.

Question 38

38. What does a cracked windshield indicate?

Answer 38

Possible head or chest impact.

Question 39

39. Why is energy dissipation important in assessing trauma?

Answer 39

It determines the extent of tissue damage.

Question 40

40. What injuries occur from falls landing feet-first?

Answer 40

Spinal, lower extremity, and internal organ injuries.

Question 41

41. What injuries occur from falls landing head-first?

Answer 41

Head, neck, chest, and upper extremity injuries.

Question 42

42. What are the risks in unrestrained rollover crash occupants?

Answer 42

Unpredictable injury patterns and multisystem trauma.

Question 43

43. Why is airway management a priority in trauma care?

Answer 43

To ensure oxygenation and ventilation.

Question 44

44. What is the role of telemetry data in vehicle collisions?

Answer 44

To assess the risk of injury.

Question 45

45. What does the “walking wounded” category indicate?

Answer 45

Patients with minor injuries who can wait for treatment.

Question 46

46. What are signs of significant blood loss?

Answer 46

Hypotension, tachycardia, and altered mental status.

Question 47

47. What are common injuries in lateral impacts?

Answer 47

Head, chest, pelvis, and femur injuries.

Question 48

48. How do airbags reduce injury?

Answer 48

By absorbing impact forces during collisions.

Question 49

49. What is the importance of assessing MOI?

Answer 49

To predict potential injuries for targeted care.

Question 50

50. What is the goal of trauma triage criteria?

Answer 50

To prioritize transport to appropriate trauma centers.