FINALS: Geriatric Rehabilitation Flashcards
(55 cards)
Q: How can you target more hamstrings versus gluteals during resistance exercises?
A: Less knee flexion emphasizes hamstrings; more knee flexion emphasizes gluteals.
Q: What is the purpose of a “Push-Up Plus”?
A: To strengthen scapular protraction and retraction muscles.
Q: What muscle does the Monster Walk primarily target when the band is around the knees?
A: The gluteus medius.
Q: Name two machines that focus on strengthening the trunk and core.
A: Trunk Extension Machine and Recline Abs Workout Bench.
Q: What machine would you use to strengthen hip abductors?
A: Hip Abduction Machine.
Q: What exercise uses a rowing machine and benefits older adults?
A: Strengthening the upper back and improving cardiovascular fitness.
Q: Why modify resistance exercises for older adults?
A: To accommodate comorbidities like osteoporosis, rotator cuff injury, and shoulder OA, preventing further injury.
Q: How frequently should the same muscle group be trained?
A: Every 24–48 hours apart for safe adaptation.
Q: What is a safer alternative to crunches for patients with osteoporosis?
A: Partial ROM crunches on a large gym ball or BOSU to neutral spine without full trunk flexion.
Q: How should a row with anchored resistance be performed on a Swiss ball?
A: Pull the band toward you at shoulder height while keeping the back straight and avoiding ball rocking.
Q: What should you ensure during a crunch on a Swiss ball?
A: Maintain chin tuck and keep trunk steady on the ball.
Q: How many sets are generally recommended for resistance training in older adults?
A: Three sets with active recovery between different muscle groups.
Q: What is the recommended initial intensity for resistance training in older adults?
A: Around 20% of 1 RM (One Repetition Maximum), progressing by 2–10%.
Q: What percentage of older adults experience falls each year?
A: 1 out of 3 older adults falls each year, with 20% resulting in serious injury.
Q: Why is addressing power important in older adults?
A: Aging causes preferential loss of Type II muscle fibers and decreases contraction velocity, affecting functional mobility.
Q: How should power exercises be performed for older adults?
A: The concentric phase should be performed as fast as possible, while total movement lasts around 2–3 seconds.
Q: What are two examples of Pilates exercises beneficial for older adults?
A: Clamshell and Reverse Clamshell Exercises.
Q: What are the CDC fall risk screening questions?
Have you fallen in the past year?
How many times?
Were you injured?
Do you feel unsteady when standing or walking?
Do you have a fear of falling?
Q: What minimum dosage of exercise reduces fall risks in older adults?
A: 50 hours of challenging exercise (e.g., 2 hours/week for 6 months).
Q: What are key benefits of Tai Chi for older adults?
A: Reduces fall risk, improves pain, sleep, anxiety, and benefits heart disease, Parkinson’s, and arthritis.
Q: What systems are involved in maintaining balance?
A: Somatosensory, visual, and vestibular systems.
Q: Give examples of static and dynamic balance exercises for older adults.
Static: Tandem stance, Single-leg stance
Dynamic: Sit-to-stand, Tandem walking
Q: Name two devices used to challenge balance safely.
A: Indo Board and Wobble Board.
Q: What is the progression for balance challenges with eyes closed?
A: Standing balance → Standing balance on foam → Standing balance with eyes closed → Standing balance with eyes closed on foam.
