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CC1 Finals PRACS > FINALS LABORATORY TOPICS > Flashcards

FINALS LABORATORY TOPICS Flashcards

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1
Q

Routine or Commonly used total protein method

A

Biuret Quantitative Colorimetric Method

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2
Q

Principle of total protein?

Biuret Quantitative Colorimetric Method

A

Biuret Reaction

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3
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

Volume of biuret reagent: ?
Volume of serum: ?

A

Volume of biuret reagent: 1 mL
Volume of serum: 10 uL

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4
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

Total protein after addition of reagents should be left to stand at what temp and fow how many mins?

A

RT for 5 mins.

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5
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

End Products and Color

A

Cuprous Protein Complex (purple/violet)

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6
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

Absorbance of total protein

A

550 nm

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7
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

SI unit of total protein?

A

g/L

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8
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

How to convert g/dL to gL for total protein?

A

mutiply by 10

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9
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

Reference value of total protein>

A

6.5 to 8.3 g/dL

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10
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

more than 8.3 g/L indicates what condition for total protein?

A

Hyperproteinemia

Increased

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11
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

less than 6.5 g/L indicates what condition for total protein?

A

Hypoproteinemia

Decreased

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12
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

Reference method for total protein?

A

Kjeldahl Method

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13
Q

TOTAL PROTEIN

Principle of kjedahl method?

A

Polypeptide bonds + cupric ions in an alkaline medium

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14
Q

ALBUMIN

Most common/Routine method for albumin

A

Bromcresol green

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15
Q

ALBUMIN

Most sensitive method for albumin detection?

A

Bromcresol purple

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16
Q

ALBUMIN

Principle for albumin?

Bromcresol Green

A

Dye Binding

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17
Q

ALBUMIN

Volume of albumin reagent: ?
Volume of serum?

A

Volume of albumin reagent: 1 mL
Volume of serum: 10 uL

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18
Q

ALBUMIN

After addition of reagents, for what temp and how many minutes should sample be left to stand?

A

RT for 30 mins

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19
Q

ALBUMIN

End Products and Color of albumin?

A

Green-Colored Complex

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20
Q

ALBUMIN

Absorbance of albumin?

A

550 nm

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21
Q

ALBUMIN

How to convert g/dL to g/L for albumin?

A

mutiply by 10

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22
Q

ALBUMIN

Reference values?

A

3.5 to 5.5 g/dL

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23
Q

ALBUMIN

more than 5.5 g/dL indicates what clinical significance for albumin?

A

hyperalbuminemia

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24
Q

GLOBULIN

For getting globulin value, what formula should be used?

A

G = TP - Albumin

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25
# GLOBULIN Reference value?
2.3 to 3.5 g/dL
26
What is the Albumin:Globulin Ratio?
1.3 - 3:1
27
# Globulin Higher globulin value in A:G ratio indicates what clinial signifiance?
with multiple myeloma/ Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia ## Footnote (increased IgM and IgG)
28
# BILIRUBIN Method of bilirubin detection?
Modified Evelyn-Malloy Method
29
# BILIRUBIN Principle of bilirubin detection?
Diazotization
30
# BILIRUBIN Volume of bilirubin reagent: ? Volume of serum: ? Volume of antioxidant: ? ## Footnote TOTAL BILIRUBIN
Volume of bilirubin reagent: 1 mL Volume of serum: 50 ul Volume of antioxidant: 1 drop
31
# BILIRUBIN In total bilirubin detection, what temp and how many minutes should sample be left to stand? ## Footnote TOTAL BILIRUBIN
RT for 5 mins
32
# BILIRUBIN Volume of bilirubin reagent: ? Volume of serum: ? Volume of antioxidant: ? ## Footnote DIRECT BILIRUBIN
Volume of bilirubin reagent: 1 mL Volume of serum: 10 ul Volume of antioxidant: 1 drop
33
# BILIRUBIN In Direct bilirubin detection, what temp and how many minutes should sample be left to stand? ## Footnote DIRECT BILIRUBIN
RT for 3 mins
34
# BILIRUBIN End Products and Color
Azobilirubin (pink-purple)
35
# BILIRUBIN Absorbance
540 nm
36
# BILIRUBIN SI unit of bilirubin?
umol/L
37
# BILIRUBIN How to convert mg/dL to umol/L for bilirubin?
multiply by 17.1
38
# BILIRUBIN Reference value of total bilirubin? ## Footnote TOTAL BILIRUBIN
0.05 mg/dL (0 to 88.5 μmol/L)
39
# BILIRUBIN Reference value of direct bilirubin? ## Footnote DIRECT BILIRUBIN
0 to 1.20 mg/dL (0 to 20.52 μmol/L)
40
# BILIRUBIN Increased bilirubin indicates what clinical condition?
liver function
41
# BILIRUBIN T or F Indirect bilirubin is acquired through computation in which (I = Total bilirubin - Direct bilirubin)
T
42
# BILIRUBIN Formula of Indirect bilirubin?
Indirect Bilirubin = TB - Direct Bilirubin
43
# BILIRUBIN sum of the direct + indirect bilirubin
Total bilirubin
44
# BILIRUBIN aka B2 (water soluble, polar, and conjugated)
Direct bilirubin
45
# BILIRUBIN aka B1 (water insoluble, non-polar, and unconjugated)
Indirect bilirubin
46
# ALT/SGPT Method for ALT?
Modified IFCC and Bergmeyer Method
47
# ALT/SGPT Principle of ALT?
transfer of an amino group between alanine and keto-acids to glutamate and pyruvate
48
# ALT/SGPT What 2 reagents are needed for ALT which make up the working reagent?
* ALT buffer reagent * ALT enzyme reagent ## Footnote 5 parts buffer to 1 part enzyme reagent
49
# ALT/SGPT Volume of working reagent: ? Volume of sample: ?
Volume of working reagent: 1 mL Volume of sample: 50 uL
50
# ALT/SGPT After adding the working reagent, what temp and for how many minutes should be the sample be in? | note: this is before adding serum
37-42 c for 3 minutes
51
# ALT/SGPT How is the reading for ALT ?
Repeat reading twice every 60 seconds
52
# ALT/SGPT End Products and Color
Lactate and NAD
53
# ALT/SGPT Absorbance?
340 nm
54
# ALT/SGPT SI unit of ALT?
U/L
55
# ALT/SGPT How to convert mg/dL to U/L for ALT?
mutiply by 3,376
56
# ALP/SGOT Mthod for ALP?
Bower’s and McComb Method
57
# ALP/SGOT Principle of ALP?
Liberation of inorganic phosphate from organic phosphate ester
58
# ALP/SGOT What 2 reagents are needed in ALP which makes up the working reagent?
* ALP buffer reagent (R1) * ALP substrate (R2) ## Footnote 5 parts buffer to 1 part enzyme reagent
59
# ALP/SGOT Volume of working reagent: ? Volume of sample: ?
Volume of working reagent: 1 mL Volume of sample: 20 uL
60
# ALP/SGOT After adding the working reagent, what temp and for how many minutes should be the sample be in?
37 c for 3 mins
61
# ALP/SGOT How is reading for ALP?
Repeat reading twice every 60 seconds
62
# ALP/SGOT End Products and Color
P-nitrophenol (yellow) and a phosphate ion
63
# ALP/SGOT Absorbance?
405 nm
64
# ALP/SGOT SI Unit of ALP?
U/L
65
# ALP/SGOT How to convert mg/dL to U/L for ALP?
multiply by 2,764
66
# ALP/SGOT Reference value for ALP?
34 to 114 U/L
67
# ALT/SGPT more thhan 35 U/L indicates what clinical significance?
Liver abnormalities (not always hepatitis)
68
# ALP/SGOT more than 34 U/L indicates what clinical condition?
Biliary obstruction and bone disease
69
What specimen is preferred for detection of urine protein and creatinine?
24 hour specimen
70
# URINE PROTEIN Method of urine protein?
Watanabe (Dye-Binding) Colorimetric Method
71
# URINE PROTEIN Principle of urine protein?
Pyrogallol Red-Molybdate + Protein
72
# URINE PROTEIN T or F You can also use CSF sample for urine creatinine
T
73
# URINE PROTEIN Volume of total protein reagent: ? Volume of sample: ?
Volume of total protein reagent: 3 mL Volume of sample: 50 uL
74
# URINE PROTEIN In urine protein detection, what temp and how many minutes should sample be left to stand?
RT for 10 mins OR 37 c for 5 mins
75
# URINE PROTEIN End Products and Color?
Blue-Purple Complex
76
# URINE PROTEIN Absorbance?
600 nm
77
# URINE PROTEIN Reference value for random specimen
1 to 14 mg/dL
78
# URINE PROTEIN Reference value for 24 hour specimen
22 to 120 mg/24hrs
79
# URINE PROTEIN more than 14 (for random) and more than 120 (for 24 hour) indicates what clinical significance?
Proteinuria
80
# URINE CREATININE Method of urine creatinine?
Fabinay and Eringhausen Kinetic Jaffe Method
81
# URINE CREATININE Principle of urine creatinine?
Creatine + Picric Acid in 10% NaOH
82
# URINE CREATININE What are the reagents needed for urine creatinine which makes up the base reagent?
* Creatinine base reagent * Creatinine acid reagent
83
# URINE CREATININE Volume of base reagent: ? Volume of sample: ?
Volume of base reagent: 0.5 mL Volume of sample: 50 uL
84
# URINE CREATININE After adding base reagent (before sample), sample should be let it what temp and how many minutes?
37 c for 3 minutes
85
# URINE CREATININE How is reading done for urine crea?
Read absorbance after 20 secs. then repeat after 60 secs.
86
# URINE CREATININE End Products and Color?
Creatinine Picrate (yellow/orange- red tautomer)
87
# URINE CREATININE Absorbance?
510 nm
88
88
89
# URINE CREATININE Conversion: mg/L → mg/dL
multiply by 10
90
→ the most widely used marker of GFR → is produced constantly, freely filtered by the glomerulus, not reabsorbed, but minimally secreted → a good measure of the completeness of a 24H urine specimen
CREATININE CLEARANCE
91
# CREATININE CLEARANCE Reference Value FOR MALE
85-125 mL/min
91
# CREATININE CLEARANCE Reference Value FOR MALE
75-112 mL/min

CC1 Finals PRACS (1 decks)

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