Finals pt.1 Flashcards
(40 cards)
An ______ can refer to something that came before something else - a prior event, condition, or cause.
Antecedent
The __________ refer to the early developments, discoveries, and innovations that laid the groundwork for modern scientific inquiry and technological advancement.
Historical Antecedent of Science and Technology
What are the Ancient Period?
clue: C,TGZ, SW, PW, P, H, S, AM,
- Cuneiform
- The Great Ziggurat
- Sumerian Wheel
- Potter’s Wheel
- Paper
- Hieroglyphics
- Shadoof
- Antikythera Mechanism
One of the major contributions of the Sumerians is the development of the first writing system. They invented ______ to allow them to keep records of things with great historical value or their everyday life.
CUNEIFORM
Another engineering and architectural feat of the Sumerians, it is also called the “mountain of God”. The structure was constructed using sunbaked bricks. The ziggurat served as the sacred place of their chief god, where only priests were allowed to enter.
THE GREAT ZIGGURAT
These were not made for transportation but for farm work and food processes. With the use of the wheel and axle, mass production was made easier.
SUMERIAN WHEEL
A heavy flat disk made of hardened clay which was spun horizontally on an axis. It is believed that the Sumerians invented the ______.
POTTER’S WHEEL
The ancient Egyptians began writing on papyrus, a material similar to thick paper. It is made from the pith of the papyrus plant Cyperus papyrus. With the advent of the Papyrus, documentation and record-keeping became efficient.
PAPER
A system of writing using symbols developed by Egyptians. They believed that this writing system was provided to them by their gods. _________ was the language that tells the modern world of the history and culture of the ancient Egyptians.
HEIROGLYPHICS
A hand-operated device used for lifting water. It was an early tool invented and used by ancient Egyptians, who lived near the Nile River. Because of this invention, irrigation and farming became much more efficient.
SHADOOF
Discovered in 1902 and retrieved from the waters of Antikythera, Greece. It is similar to a mantle clock; thus, it is widely believed that it was used to predict astronomical positions and eclipses for calendar and astrological purposes.
ANTIKYTHERA MECHANISM
It is also known as Hero’s engine. A steam powered turbine which spun when the water container at its center was heated thus makes it practically the first rudimentary steam engine.
AEOLIPILE
What period is this?
Wars were prevalent during this time. As such, great technology was needed in the fields of weaponry, navigation, mass food and farm production, and health.
MIDDLE AGES
What are the Middle Ages?
clue: HP, GP, PM, MC, SW, PP
- Heavy Plough
- Gun Powder
- Paper Money
- Mechanical Clock
- Spinning Wheel
- Printing Press
Through the invention of ______, it became possible to harness clay soil. It stirred an agricultural revolution marked by higher and healthier agricultural yields and more efficient agricultural practices.
HEAVY PLOUGH
Around 850 AD, Chinese alchemist accidentally invented black powder or ______. Since its invention, the _______ has allowed for more advanced warfare from fiery arrows to cannons and grenades.
GUN POWDER
The first known versions of ______ are similar to stamping. Traders and merchants realized the huge advantage of using ______ because it was easier to transport.
PAPER MONEY
The development of ______ paved the way for accurately keeping track of time. It changed the way days were spent and work patterns were established, particularly in the more advanced Middle Age cities.
MECHANICAL CLOCKS
A machine used for transforming fiber into thread or yarn and eventually woven into cloth on a loom. Prior to its invention, weaving was done predominantly and it sped up the rate at which fiber could be spun.
SPINNING WHEEL
Invented by Johannes Gutenberg for more reliable way of printing using a cast type. ______ was invented to address the need for publishing books that would spread to many people at a faster rate.
PRINTING PRESS
What period is this?
As the world population increased, people of the ______ realized the utmost importance of increasing the efficiency of transportation, communication and production. Industrialization took place with greater risks in human health, food and safety, and environment.
Modern Ages
What are the Modern Ages?
clue: CM, T, E-PA, T, T
- Compound Microscope
- Telescope
- Engine-Powered Airplane
- Television
- Telephone
Zacharias Janssen is credited for the invention of the first ______ in 1950, together with his father Hans. It was capable of magnifying objects three times their size when fully closed and up to ten times when extended to the maximum.
COMPOUND MICROSCOPE
Galileo Galilei’s remarkable technological contribution. It drastically changed the study of astronomy and it became clear that the universe is far large than previously imagined and the Erath is far smaller compared to the entire universe.
TELESCOPE
