Finals Reviewer Flashcards
(73 cards)
1
Q
Means having limited strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness with respect to the educational environment.
A
Health Impairment
2
Q
Asthma
A
Respiratory System dysfunction, essentially an inflammation of the lungs which results in chronic breathing difficulty. Also known as Bronchial Asthma.
3
Q
Greek word of Asthma
A
Asthaino
4
Q
Difficulty in breathing, often associated with lung or heart disease and resulting in shortness of breath.
A
Dyspnea
5
Q
Symptoms of Asthma
A
- Coughing
- Wheezing
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Rapid breathing
6
Q
Treatments for Asthma
A
- Bronchodilators
- Corticosteroids
- Anti-inflammatories
- Asthma inhalers
- Limit outdoor activities
7
Q
Types of Asthma
A
- Extrinsic
- Intrinsic
- Mixed
8
Q
Type of Asthma:
- Allergic
- Dust mites
- pollen
- animal dande
- smoke
A
Extrinsic Asthma
9
Q
Type of Asthma:
- Non-allergic
- more common in adults than in children
- usually the secondary to chronic or recurrent infections of the bronchi, sinuses, or tonsils and adenoids.
- hypersensitivity to the bacteria causing the infections.
A
Intrinsic Asthma
10
Q
Due to a combination of extrinsic and intrinsic factors
A
Mixed Asthma
11
Q
A metabolic disease in which the body’s inability to produce any or enough insulin causes elevated levels of glucose in the blood.
A
Diabetes
12
Q
Symptoms of Diabetes
A
Symptoms:
- Very dry skin
- Extreme hunger
- Excessive thirst
- Frequent urination
- Sudden vision changes
- Unexplained weight loss
- More infections than usual
- Sores that are slow to heal
- Feeling very tired much of the time
- Tingling or numbness in hands or feet
13
Q
Types of Diabetes
A
Type 1 and Type 2
14
Q
Type of Diabetes:
- Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) or Juvenile-Onset Diabetes
- A chronic illness characterized by the body’s inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas. (Hypoglycemia)
A
Type 1 Diabetes
15
Q
Symptoms
A
Symptoms:
- Polyuria - the need to urinate frequently
- Polydipsia - excessive drinking as a result of thirst Polyphagia - eats excessive amounts of food
- Unexplained weight loss
16
Q
Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes
A
Insulin
17
Q
Type of Diabetes:
- Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) or Adult-Onset Diabetes
- Hyperglycemia or high blood sugar – an excessive amount of glucose circulates in blood plasma.
A
Type 2 Diabetes
18
Q
Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes
A
Symptoms:
- Bladder, kidney, skin or other infections that are more frequent or heal slowly
- Fatigue
- Hunger
- Increased Thirst
- Increased Urination
19
Q
Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes
A
- Diet control
- Exercise
- Home blood glucose testing
20
Q
A transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
A
Epileptic Seizure
21
Q
Usually defined as a tendency to recurrent seizures
A
Epilepsy
22
Q
Two Types of Epilepsy
A
Generalised Seizure and Partial Seizure
23
Q
These occur if the abnormal electrical activity affects all or most of the brain. Tend to be general and involve much of your body.
A
Generalised Seizure
24
Q
Your whole body stiffens, you lose consciousness and your body shakes due to uncontrollable muscle contractions.
A
Tonic-clonic Seizure
25
Mainly occur in children. Loss of consciousness or awareness. It usually lasts only a few seconds.
Absence Seizure
26
A sudden contraction of the muscles. These can affect the whole body but often occur in just one or both arms.
Myoclonic Seizure
27
Brief loss of consciousness, you may become stiff and fall to the ground.
Tonic Seizure
28
Causes you to become limp and to collapse, often with only a brief loss of consciousness.
Atonic Seizure
29
Also called focal seizures the burst of electrical activity starts in and stays in one part of the brain.
Partial Seizure
30
Strange sensations in one arm or leg. You may develop an odd taste, or pins and needles one part of your body. You do not lose consciousness.
Simple Partial Seizure
31
Arise from a temporal lobe but may start in any part of the brain. You may behave strangely for a few seconds or minutes: odd emotions, fears, feelings, vision or sensations.
Complex Partial Seizure
32
A condition in which the heart can't pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. Also called a **cardiovascular disease.** May refer to heart disease or heart failure.
Heart Condition
33
Happens when there is a sudden blockage to an artery that supplies blood to an area of your heart.
Heart Attack
34
A major cause of disability, with many people reporting problems or needing assistance with daily activities.
Coronary Heart Disease
35
A blood clot in one of the deep veins of your body, usually in your leg.
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
36
Is one of a number of disorders commonly referred to as “**arrhythmias**”, where your heart does not beat normally.
Atrial Fibrillation
37
Is an inherited condition in which your body doesn't remove enough cholesterol from the blood This causes high total blood cholesterol levels and early onset of coronary heart disease in some families.
Familial Hypercholesterolaemia
38
A condition in which your heart muscle becomes inflamed and enlarged.
Cardiomyopathy
39
Also known as hypertension The pressure of your blood in your arteries as the heart pumps it around your body.
High Blood Pressure
40
A fatty substance produced naturally by your body and found in your blood.
High Cholesterol
41
An awareness of your heartbeat.
Palpitations
42
A chest pain or discomfort caused by insufficient blood flow and oxygen to the muscle of the heart.
Angina
43
A temporary discomfort or pain that is caused by a temporary spasm in one or more of your coronary arteries.
Coronary Artery Spasm
44
A sudden involuntary muscular contraction or convulsive movement.
Spasm
45
Is an inherited condition that affects the blood's ability to clot deep internal bleeding causing muscle swelling and joint pain.
Hemophilia
46
Symptoms of Hemophilia
By far the most serious sites bleeding are:
* Joints
* Brain
* Muscles
* Digestive Tract Nonstop bleeding from cuts
* Bruises and swells easily
* Painful joints
47
Types of Hemophilia
Hemophilia A, B, and C
48
Type of Hemophilia:
* Due to factor VIII deficiency
* **Factor VIII** - an essential blood-clotting protein
* causes increased bleeding
* usually affects males
Hemophilia A
49
Type of Hemophilia
* Due to factor IX deficiency Factor IX - a rare genetic bleeding disorder in which affected individuals have insufficient levels of a blood protein
* also known as Christmas disease named after Stephen Christmas, the first patient described with this disease.
Hemophilia B
50
Type of Hemophilia:
* Affecting both sexes
* It is caused by a deficiency of coagulation factor XI Coagulation – the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel
* Distinguished from Haemophilia A and B by the fact it does not lead to bleeding into the joints
Hemophilia C
51
Occurs when some part of the hearing malfunction with resulting to hearing loss and possible impairment or loss of the ability to speak.
Hearing Impairment
52
So severe that the child is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing with or without amplification.
Deafness
53
Three Types of Deafness
Conductive, Sensorineural, and Mixed
54
Resulting from damage of external or middle ear. Can often be medically or surgically corrected.
Conductive Deafness
55
A spongy-bone growth around the stirrup which impedes its movement.
Otosclerosis
56
Results from malfunctioning of the Cochlea or auditory nerve. It involves a reduction in sound level or ability to hear faint sounds, but also affects speech understanding or ability to hear clearly.
Sensorineural Deafness
57
CAUSES OF CONDUCTIVE DEAFNESS:
Causes of Conductive Deafness:
* Otitis Media
* Excessive Earwax
* Otosclerosis
58
CAUSES OF SENSORINEURAL DEAFNESS
Causes of Sensorineural Deafness:
* Viral disease
* RH Incompatibility
* Hereditary factors
* Exposure to noise
* Aging
* Ototoxic medications
59
Damaged in the outer or middle ear and in the inner ear (cochlea) or auditory nerve. Combination of Conductive and Sensorineural.
Mixed Deafness
60
Introduced the idea that persons who are deaf can be taught to communicate. He also developed the early form of sign language.
Jacob Rodrigues Pereira
61
Taught Hearing Impaired people to communicate via system of manual signs and symbols. Established the first institution for Hearing Impaired in the U.S.
Thomas Gallaudet
62
A visual-gestural language used as a primary means of communication by a very large population of the deaf and is the third most widely used non-English in the US.
American Sign Language (ASL)
63
Movements of the body parts to express or emphasize ideas and emotions.
Gestures
64
Used by Hearing People learning to communicate with deaf people.
Pidgin Sign English (PSE)
65
Combination of the Oral Method plus finger spelling.
Rochester Method (Visible English)
66
Combines oral method plus signs and finger spelling.
Simultaneous Communication
67
An ideographic language which uses manual symbols apart from the manual alphabet. Commonly used to describe the language of the deaf manual signs.
Sign Language
68
Manual Approach A.K.A. French Method
Sign Language & Finger Spelling
69
Any kind of vision loss. Someone who can't see at all or partial vision loss. Functional loss of vision.
Visual Impairment
70
Usual problem resulted in a need of special education.
Partially Sighted
71
Refers to severe visual impairment, not necessarily limited to distance vision.
Low Vision
72
A person who has less than 20/200 vision in the better eye or a very limited field of vision. Students who learn via Braille.
Legally Blind
73
Students who learn via Braille or non-visual media.
Totally Blind
