Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Abnormal and Clinical Psych > Finals Study Guide > Flashcards

Finals Study Guide Flashcards

(57 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

How does PDD differ from MDD

A

higher rates of comorbidity
more chronic
less responsive to treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Double depression

A

refers to people facing PDD and MDD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CBASP

A

Cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy
1 - situational analysis
2 - interpersonal discrimination exercises
3 - behavioral skills training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Complications with PDD diagnosis

A

mild or moderate depression may feel normal to the person experiencing it
easy to miss PDD and diagnose MDE or another disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bipolar I vs Bipolar II

A

in Bipolar I the mania is the primary cause of distress while in Bipolar II the depression is the primary cause of distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bipolar I criteria

A

mania or manic episode must last at least one week
may or may not precede or follow a depressive or hypomanic episode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bipolar II criteria

A

the patient experiences a hypomanic episode and a current or past major depressive episode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

DIGFAST Criteria for mania

A

Distractible
increased acitivity
grandiosity
flight of ideas
activities that are hazardous
sleep decrease
talkative or pressured speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Treatment for Bipolar disorder

A

mood stabilizers
antipsychotics (if psychosis present)
antidepressants (often in conjunction with mood stabilizers)
psychotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is anxiety?

A

negative mood characterized by apprehension about the future and bodily symptoms of physical tension
associated with vigilance in preparation for future danger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is anxiety different from developmentally normative fear?

A

anxiety is excessive or persisting beyond developmentally appropriate periods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a panic attack?

A

An abrupt surge of intense fear or discomfort that reaches a peak within minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Symptoms frequently experienced during a panic attack

A

accelerated heart rate or chest paints
sweating
trembling
shortness of breath/dizziness
feeling of choking/nausea
numbness or tingling
depersonalization
fear of going crazy or dying

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder

A

overly concerned about the approval of other people to the point of avoiding social situations to avoid being scrutinized by others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Treatments for Anxiety

A

cognitive restructuring
medication - benzos and SSRIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Specific Phobia Treatments

A

systematic desensitization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Systematic Desensitization

A

exposure therapy designed to treat fears and other negative emotional responses by introducing patients to fears under carefully controlled conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder Diagnostic Criteria

A

Excessive anxiety or worry occurring more days than not for at least 6 months
The individual finds it difficult to control the worry
Associated with physical symptoms such as
- restlnessness
- fatigue
- difficulty concentration
- muscle tension
- irritability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for GAD focuses on identifying and correcting

A

cognitive distortions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Panic Disorder Critiera

A

recurrent unexpected panic attacks
at least one attack has been followed by persistent concern about additional attacks and/or significant maladaptive changes in behavior related to attacks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

OCD Criteria

A

Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is an obsession?

A

recurrent and persistent thoughts, urgers, or images causing anxiety or distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a compulsion?

Study These Flashcards
A

repetitive behaviors that the individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession; may not be logically connected or may be excessive in nature

24
Q

Treatment for OCD

Study These Flashcards
A

CBT
Exposure and Response Prevention
SSRIs

25
Causes of OCD
early life experiences and thought-action fusion
26
Exposure and Response Prevention
a form of CBT with a behavioral focus teaching how to engage with triggering situations and is based on learning theory expose people to the anxiety-provoking situations and prevent them from engaging in the compulsion, the anxiety will eventually come down
27
How is Exposure and Response Prevention different from flooding?
Exposure and Response Prevention uses systematic hierarchy to not overwhelm the patient and is done in the presence of a therapist to mediate the anxiety response
28
Trichotillomania
urge to pull out one's hair from anywhere on the body triggers include sensory, emotional, or automatic pulling
29
Body Dysmorphic Disorder critiera
obsessive, intrusive, and repetitive thoughts related to one's appearance excessive time related to rituals (e.g. mirror checking or grooming)
30
How is BDD similar to OCD?
obsessive and repetitive thoughts and compulsions similar age of onset similar associated anxiety and emotional distress
31
Treatment for BDD
Cognitive behavioral therapy -- thought restructuring
32
Somatic Symptom Disorder criteria
present of distressing symptoms and abnormal thoughts, feeling, and behaviors in response to them preoccupation with health and/or body appearance and functioning no identifiable medical condition causing the physical complaints
33
Conversion Disorder
one or more symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function evidence of incompatibility between symptoms and recognized medical conditions
34
Treatments for Conversion Disorder
because it is typically associated with trauma, the patient may need to process the trauma
35
Illness Anxiety
excessive worry about having or developing serious disease that has not been diagnosed persistent anxiety and misinterpretation of symptoms and bodily sensations
36
Risk factors for illness anxiety
serious childhood or family illness history of anxiety disorders undealt with trauma or frustration during childhood
37
Treatments for Illness anxiety
cognitive behavioral approach - explore the relationship between thoughts, behaviors, and emotions and correct maladaptive patterns of thoughts and behaviors
38
Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another (FDIA)
form of child abuse where parents of caregivers falsify accounts of illness and substantiate these accounts by inducing physical symptoms on child
39
Dissociative Experiences are characterized by
dissociation - a disruption of usually integrated functions of memory, consciousness, identity, or perception of the environment disconnect from feelings and people lapses in memory and lost time
40
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
depersonalization - feeling that your body doesn't quite belong to you derealization- feeling that you are disconnected from the world around you feelings of depersonalization and derealization dominate and interfere with life functioning
41
Dissociative Amnesia
psychogenic memory loss - generalized or local/sensitive may involve dissociative fuge (sudden and brief move away from home or work without ability to recall past life and adopt a new identity)
42
Dissociative Identity Disorder
individual experience two or more distinct identities or personality states, each with its own pattern of thinking about the self and the world frequent gaps in memory of personal history disruption involves changes in sense of self and loss of personal agency
43
Treatment for DID
thought to be caused by severe and chronic trauma usually occurring during childhood so trauma should be processed and identities reintegrated
44
Personality Disorder origins
thoughts to begin during childhood and tend to be chronic
45
Diagnosis of a personality is made of the basis of the behavior being
pervasive, inflexible, stable, and of long duration
46
Categories of PD
A - odd or eccentric B - dramatic, emotional, erratic C - anxiety is the significant component
47
Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) criteria
pathological personality traits in domains of antagonism and disinhibition significant impairments in interpersonal functioning related to identity, self-direction, failure to conform to normative ethical behavior, empathy, and intimacy
48
Treatments for ASPD
CBT Medication - antipsychotics
49
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) criteria
significant impairments in functioning manifested in terms of unstable identity and self-direction
50
Cyberball Study BPD
the study showed BPD patients felt more rejected than did healthy controls independent of the experimental conditions - even when being equally included
51
Treatment Difficulties with BPD
patient prone to feel slighted or insulted intense, unstable, and conflicted close relationships including with therapist
52
Treatments for BPD
DBT Stabilization and Skill Building - target life-threatening behaviors, therapy-interfering behavior, and quality-of-life interfering behaviors
53
Legal Issues - Confidentiality
Therapists cannot disclose information shared by patients during therapy sessions without the client's explicit consent, except in the following situations: - imminent risk of harm to self or others - child or elder abuse - in response to court order or subpoena
54
Ethical Issues - Dual Relationships
Therapists should avoid dual relationships (professional role with patient and other relationship with patient or someone close to patient)
55
Ethical Issues - Romantic/Sexual Relationships
Prior to engaging in relationships with former patients, therapists should consider the amount of time that has past since services terminated (min. 2 years), nature and duration of treatment, circumstances of termination, mental and emotional status of patient
56
Legal Issues - Insanity
Insanity is a legal term reflecting the doctrine that people cannot be held fully responsible for their acts if they were so mentally incapacitated at the time of the acts that they could not conform to the rules of society
57
Three Basis' of Psychiatric Hospital Admission
informal - requests treatment and is admitted without formal or written application; free to leave at any time voluntary - someone who is 16+ applies in writing for admission; can apply to leave and must be abided unless director believes the person meets requirements for involuntary admission Involuntary/civil commitment - requires agreement of two professions made on the basis of being gravely disabled, dangerous to self or others

Abnormal and Clinical Psych (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions