Finals Study Guide

Question 1

Energy pyramid

Answer 1

An energy pyramid is a graphical model of energy flow in a community. The different levels represent different groups of organisms that might compose a food chain.

Question 2

Food web

Answer 2

a system of interlocking and interdependent food chains.

Question 3

Consumer

Answer 3

Consumer is a thing that makes it own food

Question 4

Ecology

Answer 4

the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.

Question 5

Water cycle

Answer 5

he cycle of processes by which water circulates between the earth’s oceans, atmosphere, and land, involving precipitation as rain and snow, drainage in streams and rivers, and return to the atmosphere by evaporation and transpiration.

Question 6

Biotic factors

Answer 6

Biotic factors are the living components of an ecosystem. They are sorted into three groups: producers or autotrophs, consumers or heterotrophs, and decomposers or detritivores.

Question 7

Predator

Answer 7

an animal that naturally preys on others.

“wolves are major predators of rodents”

Question 8

Food chain

Answer 8

a hierarchical series of organisms each dependent on the next as a source of food.

Question 9

Producers

Answer 9

a person, company, or country that makes, grows, or supplies goods or commodities for sale.

Question 10

Biome

Answer 10

a large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat, e.g., forest or tundra.

Question 11

Nitrogen cycle

Answer 11

the series of processes by which nitrogen and its compounds are interconverted in the environment and in living organisms, including nitrogen fixation and decomposition.

Question 12

Carbon cycle

Answer 12

the series of processes by which carbon compounds are interconverted in the environment, chiefly involving the incorporation of carbon dioxide into living tissue by photosynthesis and its return to the atmosphere through respiration, the decay of dead organisms, and the burning of fossil fuels.

Question 13

Abiotic

Answer 13

the nonliving elements of an ecosystem are called abiotic factors for example temperature wind altitude. soil gases. nutrients living organisms of an ecosystem are called biotic factors for example humans plants animals bacteria abiotic. … it will affect the entire ecosystem.

Question 14

Prey

Answer 14

an animal that is hunted and killed by another for food.

Question 15

Level of organisms

Answer 15

The orgasm is widely regarded as the peak of sexual excitement. … Orgasms have multiple potential health benefits due to the hormones and other chemicals that are released by the body during an orgasm.

Question 16

Succession

Answer 16

a number of people or things sharing a specified characteristic and following one after the other.

Question 17

Lab safety rules

Answer 17

Laboratory safety. … In some cases, laboratory activities can also present environmental health risks, for example, the accidental or deliberate discharge of toxic or infective material from the laboratory into the environment.

Question 18

Metric system

Answer 18

A decimal system of weights and measures based on the meter as a unit of length, the kilogram as a unit of mass, and the liter as a unit of volume.

Question 19

Independent variable

Answer 19

whose variation does not depend on that of another.

Question 20

Dependent variable

Answer 20

whose value depends on that of another.

Question 21

Constants variable

Answer 21

Some people refer to controlled variables as “constant variables.” In the best experiments, the scientist must be able to measure the values for each variable. Weight or mass is an example of a variable that is very easy to measure.

Question 22

Hypothesis

Answer 22

a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.