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Algebra 2 > Finals Vocab > Flashcards

Finals Vocab Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

Arithmetic sequence

A

A sequence in which the difference of consecutive terms is constant

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2
Q

Asymptote

A

A line that a graph approaches more and more closely

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3
Q

Change of base formula

A

logba=logda/logdb

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4
Q

Circle

A

a round plane figure whose boundary (the circumference) consists of points equidistant from a fixed point (the center).

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5
Q

combined variation

A

y=(kx)/z

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6
Q

common difference

A

the constant distance d between consecutive terms of n arithmetic sequence

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7
Q

common logarithm

A

a logarithm with a base 10, between consecutive terms of an arithmetic sequence.

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8
Q

common ratio

A

the constant r between consecutive terms of a geometric sequence

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9
Q

completing the square

A

To add a term c to an expression of the form x²+bx+c is a perfect square

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10
Q

complex conjugates

A

pairs of complex numbers of the forms a+bi and a-bi, where b does not equal 0

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11
Q

complex fraction

A

a fraction that contains a fraction a fraction in its numerator or denominator

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12
Q

complex number

A

a number written in the form a+bi, where a and b are real numbers

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13
Q

composition of a function

A

an operation that can be performed with two functions

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14
Q

compound inequality

A

a sentence with two inequality statements joined either by the word “or” or by the word “and.” “And” indicates that both statements of the compound sentence are true at the same time. It is the overlap or intersection of the solution sets for the individual statements.

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15
Q

conic section

A

a curve obtained as the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane

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16
Q

consistent

A

an equation that has at least one set of values for the unknowns that satisfies each equation in the system

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17
Q

constant of variation

A

the constant a in the inverse variation equation y=a/x, where a does not equal 0

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18
Q

continuous relation

A

A set of data is where the values belonging to the set can take on ANY value within a finite or infinite interval

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19
Q

correlation coefficient

A

a number r from -1 to 1 that measures how well a line fits a set of data pairs

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20
Q

dependant

A

The dependent variable is the one that depends on the value of some other number

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21
Q

dimensions of a matrix

A

the number of rows by the number of columns

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22
Q

direct variation

A

a simple relationship between two variables

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23
Q

discriminant

A

a quantity that depends on the coefficients and determines various properties of the roots

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24
Q

ellipse

A

a plane curve surrounding two focal points

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25
end behavior
describes the behavior of the graph of the function at the "ends" of the x-axis
26
exponential equation
a function of the form f(x)=ab^{x}, where b is a positive real number, and the argument x occurs as an exponent
27
extraneous solution
a solution that emerges from the process of solving the problem but is not a valid solution to the problem
28
extrema
collectively known as the maxima and minima of a function
29
factor theorem
a theorem linking factors and zeros of a polynomial
30
finite sequence
a list of terms in a specific order
31
function
a binary relation between two sets that associates to each element of the first set exactly one element of the second set
32
geometric sequence
a sequence of non-zero numbers where each term after the first is found by multiplying the previous one by a fixed, non-zero number called the common ratio
33
greatest integer function
a function that returns a constant value for each specific interval
34
growth factor
the factor by which a quantity multiplies itself over time
35
hyperbola
a type of smooth curve lying in a plane, defined by its geometric properties or by equations for which it is the solution set
36
identity function
identity function
37
imaginary unit
a solution to the quadratic equation x² + 1 = 0
38
inconsistent
the study of commonplace mathematical objects, like sets, numbers, and functions, where some contradictions are allowed
39
independent
a variable that represents a quantity that is being manipulated in an experiment
40
infinite sequence
a list or string of discrete objects, usually numbers, that can be paired off one-to-one with the set of positive integers
41
interval notation
a set of real numbers that contains all real numbers lying between any two numbers of the set
42
inverse function
a function that "reverses" another function
43
inverse relation
the set of ordered pairs obtained by interchanging the first and second elements of each pair in the original function
44
inverse variation
mathematical relationship between two variables which can be expressed by an equation in which the product of two variables is equal to a constant
45
joint variation
a variable varies directly or inversely with multiple variables. For instance, if x varies directly with both y and z, we have x = kyz
46
latus rectum
the chord through a focus parallel to the conic section directrix
47
linear programming
a method to achieve the best outcome in a mathematical model whose requirements are represented by linear relationships
48
logarithm
the inverse function to exponentiation
49
logistic growth model
a common S-shaped curve
50
matrix
a rectangular array or table of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and columns
51
n* root
a number r which, when raised to the power n, yields x
52
natural logarithm
logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e
53
negative exponent
how many times to divide by the number
54
parabola
a plane curve which is mirror-symmetrical and is approximately U-shaped
55
parent function
the simplest function of a family of functions that preserves the definition of the entire family
56
the simplest function of a family of functions that preserves the definition of the entire family
a function defined by multiple sub-functions, where each sub-function applies to a different interval in the domain
57
point-slope form
point-slope form
58
quadratic function
a polynomial function with one or more variables in which the highest-degree term is of the second degree
59
radicand
the thing we are finding the root of
60
rate of change
used to mathematically describe the percentage change in value over a defined period of time, and it represents the momentum of a variable
61
rational exponent
an exponent that is a fraction
62
rational function
any function which can be defined by a rational fraction, which is an algebraic fraction such that both the numerator and the denominator are polynomials
63
rationalizing the denominator
to eliminate any radical expressions in the denominator such as square roots and cube roots
64
recursive formula
a formula that defines each term of a sequence using preceding term(s)
65
regression line
an estimate of the line that describes the true, but unknown, linear relationship between the two variables
66
relative maximum
a point where the function changes direction from increasing to decreasing
67
relative minimum
all the points x, in the domain of the function, such that it is the smallest value for some neighborhood
68
root
a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the number
69
scatter plot
a type of plot or mathematical diagram using Cartesian coordinates to display values for typically two variables for a set of data
70
sequence
an enumerated collection of objects in which repetitions are allowed and order matters
71
set-builder notation
a mathematical notation for describing a set by enumerating its elements, or stating the properties that its members must satisfy
72
step function
a function on the real numbers that can be written as a finite linear combination of indicator functions of intervals
73
synthetic division
a method for manually performing Euclidean division of polynomials, with less writing and fewer calculations than long division
74
vertex form
a point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet
75
vertical line test
a visual way to determine if a curve is a graph of a function or not
76
zeros
a member x of the domain of f such that f(x) vanishes at x

Algebra 2 (1 decks)

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