Finance and Economy

Question 1

how did royal income change?

Answer 1

F+I raised their sources of income

Question 2

what was the financial situation in 1479?

Answer 2

Isabella inherited a disastrous financial situation in 1479

Question 3

how did crown income change between 1474 and 1510?

Answer 3

1474 - 11m maravedis
1496 - 296m maravedis
1504 - 315m maravedis
1510 - 320m maravedis

Question 4

what can financial stability be linked to?

Answer 4

royal power e.g. corregidores

Question 5

what was one of the main jobs of corregidores?

Answer 5

collect taxes

Question 6

how did the number of corregidores increase between 1476 and 1516?

Answer 6

1476 - 44 towns had corregidores
1494 - 54 towns had corregidores
1516 - 64 towns had corregidores

Question 7

what does the increasing number of corregidores correspond to?

Answer 7

improving royal finances

Question 8

how much of normal tax income came from alcabala?

Answer 8

90%

Question 9

who did F+I increase taxation over?

Answer 9

the church

Question 10

when was the tercias reales granted? what was it?

Answer 10

• 1494

- received 2/9 of tithes collected by church

Question 11

when did they start collecting cruzada?

Answer 11

1484

Question 12

what happened as their power over the church increased?

Answer 12

income increased

Question 13

how much did the Santa hermandad raise in 1480s?

Answer 13

30m maravedis

Question 14

how much money did they get from military orders?

Answer 14

26m maravedis from Santiago and calatrava

Question 15

how did spending change?

Answer 15

spending increased significantly

Question 16

how did Ferdinand seek to encircle France?

Answer 16

via marriage alliances = expensive

Question 17

how much was the marriage contract between Catherine of Aragon and Prince Arthur?

Answer 17

60m maravedis

Question 18

between 1500-1504, how much was spent on Naples campaign?

Answer 18

360m maravedis

Question 19

how did Aragon differ from Castile?

Answer 19

• aragon raised far less than Castile

- aragon a poorer region whilst Castile was a superpower

Question 20

why did aragon raise less money than Castile?

Answer 20

far harder to manage politically and harder to get tax due to fueros

Question 21

how did use of juros affect Spain?

Answer 21

good short term, but left Spain in financial debt in the long term

Question 22

how much was spent by 1516 on juros interest payments?

Answer 22

131m maravedis/yr

Question 23

how did the topography of Spain affect the economy?

Answer 23

didn’t have enough farmland to supply food and Spanish agriculture was backward due to fact Spain was very mountainous

Question 24

how did Spanish farmers not help themselves?

Answer 24

weren’t innovative - didn’t experiment with new crops new methods

Question 25

what were spanish farmers urged to do in 1494?

Answer 25

switch to a three-field rotation from a two-field rotation but they didn't

Question 26

what opportunity did nobles have to improve farming?

Answer 26

had oppourtinty to bring rice into the country, which would have majorly helped farming, but they were lazy and chose not to

Question 27

what did nobles invest in instead of farming?

Answer 27

juros

Question 28

what Spain a unified country?

Answer 28

no. it was five different countries

Question 29

how did the lack of political unity affect the economy?

Answer 29

no complete political unity, so no one economic policy

Question 30

what were between borders?

Answer 30

customs posts

Question 31

what was set up in seville in 1503?

Answer 31

casa de contracion

Question 32

how did casa de contracion help seville?

Answer 32

- everything going through new world had to go through it | - anything coming back from new world had to be registered in seville

Question 33

how did seville fare?

Answer 33

population and economy grew in seville

Question 34

what was Andalusia like?

Answer 34

had most fertile land and was a strong farming region

Question 35

how did Andalusia benefit from the new world?

Answer 35

farmers and peasants turned land into cash crops for the new world

Question 36

how was Aragon economically backwards?

Answer 36

- cut out of new world trade | - coast of Valencia targeted by pirates

Question 37

what industry was particularly successful?

Answer 37

wool industry

Question 38

what was the mesta?

Answer 38

sheep guild

Question 39

where was the centre of the wool trade?

Answer 39

- burgos | - successful city - sold wool to LC

Question 40

which cities sold wool to rest of Europe?

Answer 40

Santander and coruna

Question 41

what did nobles do to sheep farming in 1499?

Answer 41

expanded sheep farming as they could make money from it

Question 42

what did Isabella tax the sheep guild with?

Answer 42

servicios y montazgo