+ Findings

Question 0

Rhomberg Test:

Pt falls with eyes open and with eyes closed to the right

Answer 0

Cerebellar Deficit
and/or
Vestibular Mechanism Deficit
(to the right)

Question 1

Vibration: Pt does not feel vibration in ankle

Answer 1

Palanesthesia

Question 2

Rhomberg Test:

Pt falls with eyes closed only to the right

Answer 2

Dorsal Column Pathology (to the right)

Question 3

Hopping on one foot:

Pt falls with eyes open and closed to the left

Answer 3

Cerebellar Deficit
and/or
Vestibular Mechanism Deficit (to the left)

Question 4

Hopping on one foot:

Pt falls with eyes closed only to the left

Answer 4

Dorsal Column Pathology (to the left)

Question 5

Squatting on one foot:

Pt falls with eyes open and closed

Answer 5

Cerebellar Deficit
and/or
Vestibular Mechanism Deficit

Question 6

Squatting on one foot:

Pt falls with eyes closed only

Answer 6

Dorsal Column Pathology

Question 7

Finger-to-Nose test:
Pt has uncoordinated movement when attempting to touch the tip of his/her nose with the tip of finger with eyes open and closed

Answer 7

Dyssynergia

Question 8

Finger-to-Nose Test:
Pt is inaccurate at measuring the distance when attempting to touch the tip of his/her nose to the tip of their finger with eyes open and closed

Answer 8

Dysmetria

Question 9

Finger-to Finger:
Pt is uncoordinated when attempting to touch the tips of their index fingers together, straight out in front of them. Eyes open and eyes closed

Answer 9

Dyssynergia

Question 10

Finger to finger:
Pt is inaccurate at measuring the distance between the tips of their index fingers when trying to touch them together. Eyes both open and closed

Answer 10

Dysmetria

Question 11

Finger-to-Nose-to-Finger:
Pt is uncoordinated when trying to touch their nose followed by touching the doctors finger as it moves throughout space in front of them.

Answer 11

Dyssynergia

Question 12

Heel to Shin:
Pt is uncoordinated when attempting to run their heel down their opposite shin from knee to ankle. Done bilaterally with eyes open and closed.

Answer 12

Dyssynergia

Question 13

Heel to shin:

Pt is inaccurate in measuring the distance between their heel and the shin of their opposite leg.

Answer 13

Dysmetria

Question 14

Testing for the ability to perform rapid alternating movements: Pt is unable to pat knees rapidly, and pronate/supinate the hands with eyes open and closed.

Answer 14

Dysdiadochokinesia

Question 15

Holmes Rebound Phenomenon:
Pt is uncoordinated when contracting flexors in forearm against resistance by the doctor when eyes are both open and closed.

Answer 15

Dyssynergia

Question 16

Holmes Rebound Phenomenon:
Pt is inaccurate at measuring the distance when resisting force from doctor against flexed forearm, and likely hits him/herself in the face when eyes are both open/closed

Answer 16

Dysmetria

Question 17

Tandem Gait:
Pt uncoordinatedly walks in a line, heel to toe, while looking directly in front of them when eyes are open, and also when eyes are closed

Answer 17

Dyssynergia

Question 18

Tandem Gait:
Pt is inaccurate at measuring the distance between their heel to toe when walking in a straight line with eyes both open and closed

Answer 18

Dysmetria

Question 19

Joint Position Test:
Doctor holds pt finger from the sides and points the tip either up or down. Pt is unable to determine which direction the finger is pointing

Answer 19

unable to distinguish whether finger is pointing up or down:
possible posterior column disease (proprioception)

Question 20

Abadie’s Sign:

Pt feels no discomfort when pinching the achilles tendon

Answer 20

dorsal column disease

ie: tabesdorsalis

Question 21

Pitre’s Sign:

Pt feels no discomfort when doctor pinches pt testicles

Answer 21

Dorsal column disease

ie: tabesdorsalis

Question 22

Biernacki Sign:

Pt feels no discomfort when pinching or striking the ulnar nerve

Answer 22

Dorsal column disease

ie: tabesdorsalis

Question 23

Stereognosis:
With eyes closed, pt is unable to identify the object in their hand within a few seconds without switching hands. Both hands are checked

Answer 23

loss of higher cortical functions and memory

Question 24

Barognosis: Pt is unable to assess the relative weight of similarly sized and shaped objects that have different weight.

Answer 24

loss of higher cortical functions and memory

Question 25

Topognosis: When touching the pt somewhere on the skin, they are unable to point to the area that had been touched when eyes are closed

Answer 25

loss of higher cortical functions and memory

Question 26

Graphognosis: | Pt is unable to identify a letter or number written on their palm when their eyes are closed

Answer 26

loss of higher cortical functions and memory

Question 27

2 point discrimination: | Pt is unable to determine the distance between two separate points

Answer 27

loss of higher cortical functions and memory

Question 28

May be the greatest cause of headaches. Account for cervical pain influence on head pain

Answer 28

cervicogenic pain

Question 29

Cervicogenic Pain is associated with which CN

Answer 29

CN V3

Question 30

Greatest cause of dizziness

Answer 30

cervicogenic vertigo

Question 31

Cerebellopontine angle lesion is a lesion in which CN's

Answer 31

Unilateral CN V, VII, VIII | 5, 7, 8

Question 32

Cavernous sinus lesion deals with lesion in which CN's

Answer 32

CN III, IV, V, VI | 3, 4, 5, 6

Question 33

Jugular Foramen Syndrome deals with lesion in which CN

Answer 33

Combined unilateral CN IX, X, XI | 9, 10, 11

Question 34

Bulbar Palsy deals with lesion in which CN's

Answer 34

LMN combined bilateral CN X, XI, XII | 10, 11, 12

Question 35

Pseudobulbar Palsy deals with lesion of which CN's

Answer 35

Combined bilateral UMN of CN X, XI, XII | 10, 11, 12

Question 36

MC cause of intrinsic brainstem lesion of younger pt

Answer 36

MS

Question 37

MC cause of intrinsic brain stem lesion in older pt

Answer 37

Vascular disease

Question 38

Complete loss of smell

Answer 38

Anosmia (CN I)

Question 39

Decreased sense of smell

Answer 39

Hyposmia

Question 40

Increased sense of smell

Answer 40

Hyperosmia

Question 41

Pervision of smell

Answer 41

Parosmia

Question 42

Abnormally disagreeable smell

Answer 42

Cacosmia

Question 43

Meningiomas and Frontal Lobe Tumors may suppress a tract that results in issues with which cranial nerve

Answer 43

CN I | compresses olfactory tract

Question 44

Causes of anosmia (4)

Answer 44

blocked nasal passage common cold trauma age

Question 45

Involves the optic nerve or tract, and the MC cause is multiple sclerosis

Answer 45

Retrobulbar Neuritis

Question 46

Includes various forms of retinitis

Answer 46

Optic or Bulbar neuritis

Question 47

commonly seen symptom of increased intracranial pressure due to brain tumors, abscesses, hemorrhage, hypertension, and other causes.

Answer 47

Papilledema (aka Choked disc)

Question 48

Associated with decreased visual acuity and a change in the color of the optic disc to light pink, white, or gray

Answer 48

Optic atrophy

Question 49

caused by processes that involve the optic nerve and do not produce papilledema

Answer 49

primary optic atrophy

Question 50

A sequel of papilledema

Answer 50

secondary optic atrophy

Question 51

characterized by ipsilateral blindness, anosmia and contralateral papilledema

Answer 51

Foster Kennedy Syndrome

Question 52

Cerebromacular degeneration with severe mental deficiency occurring in jewish families and is associated with blindness, optic atrophy, and a dark cherry red spot in place of the macula

Answer 52

Tay-Sachs disease

Question 53

Pupil reacts only to accommodation. it has neither a direct or indirect reaction to light. May be because of a diabetic complication

Answer 53

Argyll Robertson Pupil

Question 54

Eyelid Ptosis deals with primarily which CN

Answer 54

Disease of CN III

Question 55

The pupil reacts to light very slowly, remains constricted longer, then dilates slowly. Most often in young women and considered benign

Answer 55

Holmes- Adie Syndrome

Question 56

Ptosis, pupilloconstriction, lack of sweating, red or flushed look and palpable increase in skin temp

Answer 56

Horner's syndrome

Question 57

blurred nerve fibers and cup, engorged veins, obliteration of physiological cup, and disc elevation and edema

Answer 57

papilledema

Question 58

Inflammation behind the portion of the optic disc that can be visualized during fundiscopic exam

Answer 58

acute retrobulbar neuritis | in this case, fundus looks normal but pt has vision loss

Question 59

central causes of facial paralysis should always be considered what

Answer 59

Trigeminal neuralgia

Question 60

idiopathic syndrome or recurrent, usually sharp, painful facial sensation in the clear distribution of the opthalamic, maxillary, or mandibular divisions of CN V

Answer 60

Trigeminal neuralgia

Question 61

Peripheral facial paralysis

Answer 61

Prosopoplegia CN VII disorder

Question 62

flaccid paralysis involving all ipsilateral facial muscles distal to lesion site

Answer 62

Bells Palsy (CN VII)

Question 63

The forehead is spared, the eyes are only partially involved, and the mouth and neck are fully involved in facial paralysis

Answer 63

Stroke (CN VII)

Question 64

Common etiologies for conductive hearing loss (4)

Answer 64

Auditory canal obstruction direct/indirect trauma to tympanic membrane trauma to ossicles accumulation of fluid in the middle ear

Question 65

Difficulty in act of swallowing would be associated with which CN

Answer 65

IX, X

Question 66

Loss of vibratory sensation

Answer 66

Pallanesthesia