Finishes

Question 1

Finishes

Answer 1

Are added to a product’s surface after production to improve its functionality and/or aesthetic.

Stops corrosion, prevents decay, stops UV light degradation, defends against attack (insects/fungi), improved hygiene, make a product tougher, to insulate, to decorate, to colour or to make a product smooth.

Question 2

Wood: penetrating finish

Answer 2

Infiltrates wood pores and fibres for a beautiful decorative finish.

• Danish oil
• Linseed oil
• Stain
• Pressure coated
  (Soft wood should be either stained or pressure coated to withstand outdoor elements)

Question 3

Wood: surface finish

Answer 3

Leaves a hard, protective film over the top of the wood to create a buffer between the wood and anything it contacts.

• Wax
• Polyurethane varnish
• Lacquer
• Oil based paint

Question 4

Metal: bluing

Answer 4

A passivation process in which steel is partially protected against rust using a black oxide coating. Named after the blue-black appearance of the resulting protective finish.

• Quick, cheap, effective
• Mainly done on steel
• Heated to 300 degrees Celsius

Question 5

Metal: galvanising

Answer 5

The process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, to prevent rusting.

• Hot dip galvanising
• 450 degrees Celsius
• 30 degrees dipping angle
• 70-80 microns thick
• Costs more

Question 6

Metal: oil based paint

Answer 6

Requires a primer (to stick and make it smooth) then a top coat.

• Spray on
• Can chip, exposing the metal underneath

Question 7

Metal: anodising

Answer 7

An electrolytic process for producing thick oxide coatings, usually on aluminium and it’s alloys

• Coating is within the pores of the metal
• Hardwearing / hard to scratch
• Doesn’t add sufficient depth to the surface
• Prevents oxidisation
• Electrolytic anodising discovered in 1911

Degreased, rinsed, etching, rinsed, neutralised, rinsed, anodic oxidisation (electrolytic solution), rinsed.
If coloured: colouring (metallic salts, chemical compounds) added, deionising water, rinsed, sealed.

Question 8

Barrier layer

Answer 8

1st layer of aluminium. Compact and has little pores on the surface which holds colour

Question 9

Hydration sealing

Answer 9

100 degrees Celsius

Question 10

Impregnation sealing

Answer 10

Deionised water and mineral salts at 25-30 degrees Celsius

Question 11

Metals: lacquer

Answer 11

Brass and other materials, are easy to protect with a durable clear lacquer coating which is sprayed on.

Question 12

Metals: powder coating

Answer 12

Electrostatic, goes on smoother and is cost effective.

Question 13

Metals: plastic coating

Answer 13

Metal heated and placed in an aerated powder polymer, hot dip.

Question 14

Plastic

Answer 14

Abrasives such as emery cloth, silicon carbide paper, or steel wool are used to remove blemishes or marks before polish is applied and plastic is buffed to a good finish.

Many plastic goods are produced with their final finish, unlike wood/metal. Can be moulded to have a certain texture or finish.

Vinyl transfers can be applied to give plastic decoration or branding.