Fire Mod 3 Chapters 4,8,11, and 14

Question 0

Amount of foam or foam solution needed to extinguish a fire. Usually expressed in gallons per minute per square foot or liters per minute per square meter

Answer 0

Application Rate

Question 1

These foams contain a polymer that forms a protective layer between the burning surface and the foam, preventing the foam breakdown by alcohols present in the burning fuel

Answer 1

Alcohol-Resistant Foams

Question 2

Nozzle with a spring mechanism built in that reacts to pressure changes and adjusts the flow and resultant reach of the nozzle

Answer 2

Automatic or Constant Pressure Nozzle

Question 3

A device used to fight fire in basements or cellars when firefighters cannot make a direct attack on the fire; has six or nine solid tips or broken stream openings designed to rotate in a circular spray patter

Answer 3

Bresnan Distributor

Question 4

Eductor with 2 waterways and a valve that allows plain water to pass by the Venturi or through the Venturi to create foam solution

Answer 4

Bypass Eductor

Question 5

A device with 4 spray nozzles designed to rotate in a circular spray pattern for fighting fires in basements or cellars when firefighters cannot make a direct attack on the fire

Answer 5

Cellar nozzle

Question 6

A blend of the direct and indirect fire attack methods, with firefighters applying water to both the fuel and the atmosphere of the room

Answer 6

Combination Fire Attack

Question 7

A spray nozzle that is capable of providing straight stream and spray patterns, which are adjustable or variable by the operator. Most fog nozzles used today are these..

Answer 7

Combination Nozzle

Question 8

A foam system where compressed air is injected into the foam solution prior to entering any hoselines. The fluffy foam created needs no further aspiration of air by the nozzle.

Answer 8

Compressed Air Foam Systems. (CAFS)

Question 9

Nozzle with one set volume at a set pressure. For example, 60 gpm at 100 psi (227 L/min 690 kPa). The only adjustment is the pattern.

Answer 9

Constant or Set Volume Nozzle

Question 10

Use synthetic surfactants to break down the surface tension of water to create a foaming blanket

Answer 10

Detergent-Type Foams

Question 11

An attack on the fire made by aiming the flow do water directly at the material on fire.

Answer 11

Direct Fire Attack

Question 12

Device that siphons a liquid from a container into a moving stream

Answer 12

Eductor

Question 13

Combines protein with the film-forming fluorinated surfactants of AFFF to improve in the qualities of both types of foam.

Answer 13

Fluoroprotein Film-Forming Foam

Question 14

Designed as an improved protein foam with a fluorinated surfactant added

Answer 14

Fluoroprotein Foam

Question 15

An aggregate of gas-filled bubbles formed from aqueous solutions of specially formulated concentrated liquid foaming agents

Answer 15

Foam

Question 16

Delivers either a fixed spray pattern or variable combination of straight stream and spray patterns

Answer 16

Fog Nozzle

Question 17

Ability to tolerate the fuel and to avoid being saturated by or picking up the fuel

Answer 17

Fuel Resistance

Question 18

The ability of foam to stand up to the heat of the fire or to hot surfaces near the fire

Answer 18

Heat Resistance

Question 19

An attack made on interior fires by applying a fog stream into a closed room or compartment, thus converting the water into stream to extinguish the fire.

Answer 19

Indirect Fire Attack

Question 20

Eductor in which the waterway is always piped through a Venturi

Answer 20

In-Line Eductor

Question 21

Speed with which foam spreads across the surface of a fuel.

Answer 21

Knockdown Speed

Question 22

Having the ability to mix with water

Answer 22

Miscible

Question 23

A tapered or constricted tube used to increase the speed or change the direction of water or other fluids

Answer 23

Nozzle

Question 24

Nozzle originally designed to penetrate the skin of aircraft and now has been modified to pierce through building walls and floors

Answer 24

Piercing Nozzle

Question 25

A separation barrier made up of polymer or a chain of molecules linked in a series of long strands. This separates a polar solvent from an ATC foam blanket

Answer 25

Polymeric Barrier

Question 26

Made from chemically broken down natural protein materials, such as animal blood, that have metallic salts added for foaming.

Answer 26

Protein Foam

Question 27

Type of nozzle that delivers an unbroken of solid stream of water to the fire. Also called solid tip, straight bore, or smooth bore

Answer 27

Solid Stream Nozzles

Question 28

A nozzle pattern that creates a hollow stream, similar in shape to the solid stream pattern, but the straight stream pattern must pass around the baffle of the nozzle. Newer fog nozzle designs, especially the automatic nozzles, only have this hollow effect from the tip on and, hence, create a solid stream with good reach and penetration abilities, some better that solid stream nozzles

Answer 28

Straight Stream

Question 29

Ability to contain or control the production of fuel vapors

Answer 29

Vapor Suppression

Question 30

Nozzle that allows the nozzleperson to select the flow, with usually two or three choices, and the pattern

Answer 30

Variable, Adjustable, or Selectable Gallonage Nozzle

Question 31

A process that creates a low pressure area in the induction chamber of the Eductor and allows the foam concentrate to be drawn into and mixed with the water stream.

Answer 31

Venturi Principle

Question 32

Designed to spray water to protect exposures against heat by wetting the exposure's surface

Answer 32

Water Curtain Nozzle

Question 33

Foam containing a polymer that will form protective layering between the burning surface and the foam. This layering prevents foam breakdown due to alcohol present in the burning fuel. Alcohol-resistant foams are used for fighting fuel fires that contain alcohol additives, such as the E85 gasoline blend.

Answer 33

Alcohol-Resistant Foam

Question 34

A synthetic foam that as it breaks down forms an aqueous layer or film over a flammable liquid

Answer 34

Aqueous Film Forming Foam (AFFF)

Question 35

An inert colorless and odorless gas that is stored under pressure as a liquid that is capable of being self-expelled and is effective in smothering Class B and C fires

Answer 35

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Question 36

Classification of fire involving ordinary combustibles such as wood, paper, cloth, plastics and rubber

Answer 36

Class A

Question 37

Classification or fire involving flammable and combustible liquids, gases, and greases. Common products are gasoline, oils, alcohol, propane and cooking oils

Answer 37

Class B

Question 38

Classification of fire involving energized electrical equipment, which eliminates using water-based agents

Answer 38

Class C

Question 39

Classification of fire involving combustible metals and alloys such a magnesium, sodium, lithium, and potassium

Answer 39

Class D

Question 40

A classification of fire as of 1998 that involves fires in combustible cooking fuels such as vegetable or animal oils and fats

Answer 40

Class K

Question 41

Dry extinguishing agents divided into 2 categories. Regular dry chemicals work on Class B and C fires; multipurpose dry chemicals work on A,B, and C fires

Answer 41

Dry Chemicals

Question 42

Extinguishing agents for Class D fires

Answer 42

Dry Powders

Question 43

A method of electronic communication (data transmission) between an inplace fire extinguisher and an electronic monitoring device/system

Answer 43

Electric monitoring

Question 44

Foam that incorporates the features if AFFF and fluoroprotein foams with good resistance and the film-forming barrier

Answer 44

Film-Forming Fluoroprotein Foam (FFFP)

Question 45

Combats the water freezing problem by adding an alkali salt as an anti-freezing agent

Answer 45

Loaded Stream Extinguisher

Question 46

Foam that is compatible with alcohol and/or polar solvents by creating a polymeric barrier between the water in the foam and the polar solvent

Answer 46

Polar Solvent Type of Foam

Question 47

Extinguishing agents that are water based solutions of potassium carbonate-based chemicals, potassium acetate-based chemicals, potassium citrate-based chemicals, or a combination of these

Answer 47

Wet Chemicals

Question 48

An apparatus with a series of booms and a platform on the end. It's maneuvered into position by adjusting the various boom sections into place to positions the platform at the desired location.

Answer 48

Articulating Boom Ladder

Question 49

The non-extending part of an extension ladder

Answer 49

Bed Ladder

Question 50

A ladder consisting of two or more sections that has the ability to be extended to a desired height through the use of a halyard

Answer 50

Extension Ladder

Question 51

That portion of a ladder that extends out from the bed ladder. Also called a fly section.

Answer 51

Fly ladder

Question 52

A rope or cable that is used to raise the fly ladders of an extension ladder.

Answer 52

Halyard

Question 53

Mechanical rams that operate by pressure exerted through the use of a liquid, usually some form of oil

Answer 53

Hydraulic Pistons

Question 54

An appliance that is attached to the underside of an aerial ladder for an elevated water application

Answer 54

Ladder Pipe

Question 55

The state when all the ladders of an extension ladder are unextended

Answer 55

Nested

Question 56

Standard for manufacturers design of fire department ground ladders

Answer 56

NFPA Standard 1931

Question 57

Standard on use, maintenance, and service testing on in-service fire department ground ladders

Answer 57

NFPA Standard 1932

Question 58

The stabilizer poles attached to the sides of Bagnor ladders that are used to assist in the raising of this type of ladder. Once raised, they are not used to support the extended ladder

Answer 58

Staypoles

Question 59

The path that the ladders tip will take while being raised

Answer 59

Tip Arc

Question 60

An apparatus with a telescopic boom that has a platform on the end of the boom or ladder. It can be extended or retracted and rotated like an aerial ladder

Answer 60

Tower Ladder

Question 61

The rotating platform of a ladder that affords an elevating ladder device the ability to turn to any target from a fixed problem

Answer 61

Turntable

Question 62

The length of the ladder that spans the distance from the ground to the point of contact with the structure. This does not include any distance the ladder might go beyond the point of contact as would be the case when the tip extends beyond the roof

Answer 62

Working Length

Question 63

The sudden and explosive ignition of pressurized, superheated, and oxygen-deprived gases (within a closed space) caused by the reintroduction of oxygen

Answer 63

Backdraft

Question 64

A term used to describe smoke that is high volume, turbulent, velocity(hot), ultradense, and black. It is a sure sign of impending auto-ignition and flashover

Answer 64

Black Fire

Question 65

The temperature where a liquid will convert to a gas at a vapor pressure equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure

Answer 65

Boiling Point

Question 66

A chemical reaction that includes the self-sustaining rapid oxidation of a fuel accompanied by the release of heat and light. Commonly referred to as fire

Answer 66

Combustion

Question 67

Combustion rate below the speed of sound (subsonic)

Answer 67

Deflagration

Question 68

The mass per unit volume of a substance under specified conditions of pressure and temperature

Answer 68

Density

Question 69

Combustion rate above the speed of sound (super sonic)

Answer 69

Detonation

Question 70

Chemical reactions that absorb heat or require heat to bond atoms or molecules

Answer 70

Endothermic Reaction

Question 71

A process in which the molecules of a liquid are liberated into the atmosphere at a rate greater than the rate at which the molecules return to the liquid. Ultimately the liquid becomes fully airborne in a gaseous state

Answer 71

Evaporation

Question 72

A chemical reaction that results in heat release

Answer 72

Exothermic Reaction

Question 73

The lowest temperature at which a fuel off-gases an ignitable mixture that, when introduced to a spark or flame, will ignite and sustain burning

Answer 73

Fire Point

Question 74

Four-sided pyramid-like figure used to depict the four ingredients necessary for combustion: heat, fuel, oxygen, and chemical chain reaction

Answer 74

Fire Tetrahedron

Question 75

4 types of heat

Answer 75

Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical and Nuclear

Question 76

3 forms of Fuel

Answer 76

Solid, Liquid and Gas

Question 77

Solids and Liquids....and only Gases...

Answer 77

Don't burn...Burn

Question 78

In order for Solids to burn.....must occur

Answer 78

Pyrolysis

Question 79

In order for Liquids to burn.....must occur

Answer 79

Evaporation

Question 80

Gases burn when it gets to its...

Answer 80

Fire Point & or Ignition Tempurature

Question 81

Chemical Chain Reaction

Answer 81

when heat, fuel, oxygen combine to start combustion, chemical chain reaction forms.

Question 82

Fire Growth (4 stages)

Answer 82

Ignition Point, Growth Stage (Incipient), Fully Developed Stage (Flashover), Decaying Stage

Question 83

Conduction

Answer 83

Transferred of heat through solids objects

Question 84

Convection

Answer 84

Transferred of heat through air and liquid currents

Question 85

Radiation

Answer 85

Transferred of heat through invisible light waves

Question 86

Heat Causes

Answer 86

Dehydration, Heat Exhaustion, and Burns

Question 87

Lights Causes

Answer 87

Damage to Eyesight

Question 88

Liquids Fires

Answer 88

Vaporize, Liquids don't burn, Use foam to extinguish

Question 89

Electrical Fires

Answer 89

Uses of water can present extreme shock hazards while fire is still electrically energized

Question 90

Metal Fires

Answer 90

Shape, size amount and type of metal burning will dictate the best extinguishment method

Question 91

P.A.S.S.

Answer 91

Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep