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Firecracker Flashcards

(101 cards)

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1
Q

low estrogen levels

A

associated with complications (fetal death, ancephalophy)

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2
Q

morning sickness typically ends around

A

14-16 weeks

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3
Q

pregnancy - thyroid

A

increase thyroid globulin binding protein (due to increase in estrogen)
increases levels of T3, T4

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4
Q

placenta previa risk factors

A 
C/s
prior
multiparity or multiple gestations
AMA
smoking
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5
Q

placenta previa presents with

A

painless bleeding

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6
Q

postpartum hemorrhage treatment

A

1) pitocin
2) misoprostol OR methylergonavine OR carbopost
3) D/C or umbilical artery embolization OR hysterectomy

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7
Q

misoprostol

A

prostaglandin analogue

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8
Q

methylergonavine

A

vasoconstricted

don’t give to ppl with HTN

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9
Q

carboprost

A

prostaglandin analogue

CI: asthmatics

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10
Q

causes of endometritis

A

delivery

instrumentation of uterus

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11
Q

causes of uterine atony

A

macrosomic baby
polyhydraminos
mutiple gestations
uterine fibroids

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12
Q

BPP

A

FHR, amniontic index
fetal breathing, mvt, tone
less than 4 –> deliver

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13
Q

secondary syphilis

A

cold like symptoms
condyoma lata
menigitis, hepatitis, nephritis

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14
Q

post partum fever

A

endometritis
UTI
wound infection
septic thrombophlebitis

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15
Q

AUB - rule out

A

PCOS
thyroid
bleeding disorders

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16
Q

causes of polyhydraminos

A

gestational diabetes
anecephaly
tracheoesophageal fistula
esophageal atresia

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17
Q

risk factors for prolapsed umbilical cord

A

ROM of -2
fetus malpresentation
polyhydraminos

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18
Q

risk factors for placenta accreta

A

endometrial inflamm

previous c/s scar

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19
Q

IUFD risk factors

A

placental abruption
congenital abnormalities
postterm
placental insuff

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20
Q

cause of dysfunction UB

A

anovulation

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21
Q

PID treatment

A

IV doxy and cefoxitin

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22
Q

choriamnionitis treatment

A

ampicillin + gentamycin + clindamycin

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23
Q

shoulder dystocia risk factors

A

maternal diabetes, macrosomia
obesity
postterm pregnancy

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24
Q

recurrent pregnancy loss

A

hypercoaguable states (APA)
uterine anomalies
luteal phase defect
parental genetic anomalies

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25
causes of hypomenorrheia
contraceptives asherman's hypogonadism
26
causes of postpartum hemorrhage
uterine atony lacerations retained products of conception DIC, uterine inversion
27
first trimester bleeding
SAB ectopic pregnancy healthy: postcoital spotting, cervical polyp
28
third trimester bleeding
``` placenta previa vasa previa placental abruption uterine rupture fetal vessel rupture ```
29
submucosal fibroids
deep to endometrium cause heavy bleeding effects shape of uterine cavity
30
intramural fibroids
most common
31
subserosal fibroids
exterior of uterus | can impinge on uterus, other pelvic structures
32
prolapsed umbilical cord
variable decels
33
mini pill/progesterone works by
thickening cervix mucous | thinning endometrium
34
mini pill side effects
nausea, depression, hypertension
35
OCPs work by
inhibit follicle development, ovulation
36
OCP side effects
N/V, weight gain | headache
37
OCP Contraindictions
smokers >35 history of DVT estrogen-related cancers liver dz/elevated triglyceride
38
drospirenone
progestin with aldosterone-antagonist side effects
39
BC patch
can't use with obesity | increased risk of DVT
40
Mullerian Ducts
uterus, fallopian tubes, superior vagina
41
septate uterus
incomplete fusion of mullerian ducts
42
DES expsoure
T shaped uterus
43
pts with unexposed estrogen
``` obesity exogenous estrogen estrogen producing tumors PCOS anovulatory cycles ```
44
treatment of endometrial hyperplasia
progesterone (causes deciduization of endometrium)
45
atypical complex hyperplasia treatment
hysterectomy
46
risk factors for endometriosis
family history nulliparity low BMI
47
endometriosis mechanisms
retrograde menstruation iatrogenic spread vascular/lymphatic spread
48
symptoms of endometriosis
infertility Dysmenorrhea (painful menses) Dyspareunia (painful sexual intercourse) Dyschezia (painful defecation)
49
levels possibily elevated in endometriosis
CA-125
50
treatment for endo
nsaids, ocps, progestins, danazol, gnrh agonists
51
endo most common sites
adnexa rectouterine pouch of douglas bowel, bladder, peritoneum
52
lichen sclerosis
thinning increased risk of vulvar SCC treat with corticosteroids
53
bartholin cysts - Atb
cover staph, gonorrhea
54
Nabothian cyst
benign, mucus filled, on cervix
55
discharge in ped patients
infection, foreign object, yeast infection, mass
56
sarcoma botyryoides
bundle of grapes mass
57
ovarian mass ddx
``` functional endometrioma theca lutein cysts neoplasms metastatic carcinoma ```
58
extra-ovarian mass ddx
``` ectopic pregnancy TOA paraovarian cyst fibroid diverticular abscess fallopian tube cancer pelvic kidney ```
59
ovarian mass - features of malignancy
solid nodular thick septations
60
pain from dysmenorrhea begins
day 1-2 of cycle
61
dysmenorrhea treatment
NSAIDs, celecoxib | OCPs
62
fibroadenoma characteristics
mobile, solid, defined edges
63
cystosarcoma phyllodes
> 5 cm | rare variant of fibroadenoma
64
adenxal mass in child
ovarian torsion or ovarian malignancy
65
gestational sac
5 weeks
66
fetal pole
6 weeks
67
fetal cardiac activity
6-7 weeks
68
recurrent pregnancy loss
3 or more SAB
69
Mifepristone
partial progesterone receptor agonist
70
nexplanon side effects
breast pain, irregular bleeding
71
IUD side effects
SAB uterine perforation expulsion
72
detrusor muscle
``` parasympathetic innervation (pelvic splachnic nerve) contracts --> urination ```
73
urge incontinence treatment
oxybutynin
74
stress incontinence treatment
estrogen, imipramine pessaries surgery
75
overflow incont causes
DM MS spinal cord injuries
76
overflow incont treatment
alpha 1 blockers | cholinergic agents
77
increased MSAFP
multiple gestations fetal renal dz placental bleeding open NTD
78
trisomy 21 quad screen
increased HCG, inhibin | decreased AFP, UCE
79
ectopic pregnancy ultrasound findings
ring of fire | increased vascular flow to adnexa
80
clomiphrene citrate
SERM | increase in FSH
81
increased HCG in pregnancy
molar, hyperemesis pre-eclampsia before 20 weeks theca lutein ovarian cysts hyperthyroidism
82
Class A1 vs A2
diet controlled vs insulin controlled
83
GLT
140
84
GTT
95,180,155,140
85
diabetic fetal complications
macrosomnia IUGR SAB
86
Diabetic neonate complications
hypoglycemia, polycythemia hypocalcemia hyperbilirubinemia RDS
87
caudal regression syndrome
maternal DM, poor glycemic control during pregnancy
88
dysgerminoma
malignant turner's uniform cells increased HCG and LDH
89
treatment for germ cell ovarian cancer
unilateral SO TAHBSO chemo - bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin
90
yolk sac tumor
endoderm increased AFP aggressive
91
HPV 1-4
verruca vulgaris - skin and plantar warts
92
condyloma acuminata
genital warts, 6 and 11
93
koilocytic atypia
squamous epithelial cells with vacuoles
94
ASCUS management
HPV neg - repeat | HPV post - colposocopy
95
endometrial carcinoma risk factors
unopposed estrogen exposure diabetes, HTN HNPCC tamoxifen
96
endometrial simple hyperplasia
OCPs
97
endometrial atypical hyperplasia
hysterectomy
98
endometiral invasive carcinoma
surgery/chemo/rad
99
corpus luteum cyst
blood accumulates in CL during pregnancy | regresses
100
follicular cyst
fluid in mature or Grafian follicle can rupture increased estrogen
101
theca lutein cyst
GnRH stimulation | multiple, bilateral --> associated with choriocarcinoma, moles

OBGYN (5 decks)

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