Analogue FA conditions
Control Attention Escape from task Alone Tangible
Analytic
Characteristics of ABA. Scientifically based experimental designs are used to assess the effectiveness of interventions under study
Antecedent Manipulation
Adding or removing antecedents that evoke behaviors. Include MO, SD, response effort
Analogue FA
Setup conditions to mimic real-life situations
Antecedent Manipulations (5)
1) Antecedent Control
2) Establishing operation
3) Present SDs for appropriate behavior
4) Remove SDs for inappropriate behavior
5) Increase response effort for inappropriate behavior
Applied
Characteristic of ABA. Focuses on behavior with social significance
Applied Behavior Analysis vs. Experimental Analysis of behavior
Both use systematic manipulation and data analysis of individual organisms. ABA: Behaviors of social significance to the person are investigated. EAB: Behaviors of no social significance of the person are investigated.
Assumptions/Characteristics of Science
1) Determinism
2) Law of Parsimony
3) Scientific Manipulations
4) Empiricism
5) Philosophic doubt
6) Replication
Automatic Reinforcement
A reinforcer that is produced by the behavior without the participation of other people. For example, echolalia produces a sound that may maintain the bx. It can be positive or negative reinforcement
Behavioral
Characteristics of ABA. Behavior is a focus, not a hypothetical entity
Behavioral Assessment
Assessment that examines the persons entire life in order to identify possible causes of the behavior in question. You may use descriptive assessment methods or functional analyses
Behavioral Assessment: 2 general kinds
1) Functional Analysis
2) Descriptive Assessment
Behavioral Assessment : Goal
Identify the function of behavior
Behavioral Technologies
Collection of procedures that have arisen from research and are applied to practical problems by practioners. Ex: Behavioral Momentum is now implemented by many service providers in clinics, schools and homes.
Behaviorism
Philosophy of behavior that assumes behavior is a function of current and past environments as well as genetics
Characteristics of ABA
1) Effective
2) Technological
3) Conceptually Systematic
4) Generality
5) Analytic
6) Applied
7) Behavioral
Conceptually Systematic
Characteristics of ABA. Procedures are tied to the basic principals of behavior
Dependent Variable
Measure of behavior of interest
Determinism
Assumption of science. Behavior is caused by some event
Discrepancy analysis
Compare data with those of norm group to determine change-worthiness of current behavior
Divided Attention
When attention is diverted to another person and not just withheld.
Effective
Characteristic of ABA. Attempt to produce large enough effect that has an impact on the persons life.
Empiricism
Assumption of science. Information is collected by objective observation.
Explanatory Fiction/circular reasoning
Explaining behaviors by using an entity that lies within the behavior itself. (Eric is aggressive because he has an aggressive trait. Evidence of aggressive trait is his aggressive behavior).
Functional Analysis
Manipulations of environmental conditions to determine a functional relation between problem behavior and independent variables. Goal is to confirm hypothesis developed in descriptive assessment
Functional Analysis best practice: How many controls to use
Use one control for each test (pair wise).
Functional Analysis best practice: natural vs contrived environments
Natural
Functional analysis best practice: role of supplemental information
to develop an hypothesis
Functional Analysis best practice: what to do with tangible condition
If descriptive assessment does not indicate behavior occurs to produce tangibles, then don’t include in test conditions
Functional analysis models
AB and ABC
