First Flashcards
(41 cards)
Christine put the toy in front of Judy and 15 different occasions. Judy approached the toy on 10 occasions I just walked away on three occasions. Given the opportunity, what percent of occurrence did Judy not approach the toy?
87%
33%
20%
67%
B. 33%.
Due to a parent only implementing punisher procedures, she finds out her son begins to avoid her. Which of the following best explains this effect?
The parent becomes a discriminative stimulus for negative reinforcement
Para becomes a conditioned aversive stimulus
Parent elicited emotional responses
Parent becomes an unconditioned aversive stimulus
B
Review C – 02. State and plan for the possible unwanted effects of punishment. Over time, the parrot became an aversive conditioned stimulus. There is no mention of the child engaging in emotional responses, one does not become an unconditioned aversive stimulus (Unconditioned implies no conditioning necessary), There was not sufficient info to show the parent becoming an SD for negative reinforcement, (Review FK 29 & FK-30).
Trina reviewed a video recording of a student three times, and took date on the students Eye contact using a stopwatch each time she counted 17 seconds. The client actually engaged in 23 seconds of eYe contact. The fact that these two numbers don’t match is because Trinians measurements lack
Reliability
Treatment integrity
Validity
Accuracy
Accuracy=
When the observed value matches the actual value. Because the actual value was 23 seconds and the observed value was 17 seconds, her measurements like accuracy.
If Alex is using a shaping procedure to teach Lauran to use the complete ASL sign to MAND for water, what would the procedure look like?
Alex make the sign for water then gives Lauran water when she makes the sign. Over time, Alex stops making the sign and only provides water when Lauran independently does so
Alex give Lauran water contingent upon a modified sign. Over time, Alex only provides water as each sign attempt becomes more like the real sign for water.
Alex points to the picture of water and gives Lauran water after Lauran does a modified sign for water. Overtime Alex only provides water after feeding the picture from the environment
Alex manually prompt Lauran to do the sign and give her water. Overtime Alex only gives assistance as needed providing water at each success.
B
Across three days, there was low IOA on data collected during a new procedure implemented with a student. For the students behavior measured by two observers, agreement was calculated at 40%, 50%, and 45% for each respective day. What could be a potential issue
The definition of the target behavior is unclear
The description of the teaching procedure is unclear
The student being observed is not consistently engaging in the target the response
Percentages are dimensionless and shouldn’t be used in behavior analysis
A.
If target behaviors are not well defined, it is one possible reason why IOA Is so low. Regarding the answer choice, if the teaching procedure description is unclear and the teacher is not implementing the procedure correctly, or if the student is it consistently engage in the target response, all observers will take data on that and the date it would show agreement of the target a response occurrence if the response definition is clear.
To assess if treatment drift has occurred which of the following is LEAST likely to be effective
Repeatedly review the recordings of half the randomly selected treatment sessions, and measure if the treatment was followed as prescribed and just a selected recordings
Develop a data collection form that describes all acceptable variations of the treatment and related via mental events so the date I can quickly be marked on the form
Arrange for two independent observers to observe at least 1/3 of the treatment sessions and measure the delivery of the treatment compared to how it was originally prescribed
Conduct a functional analysis of the treatment delivery and determine which antecedents and consequences maintain both correct and incorrect implementation of the treatment.
D.
“Design and use system for monitoring procedure integrity”.
A functional analysis is more typically use for behavior is necessary to decelerate, and would likely be a necessary in most cases.!!that’s why it’s the LEAST likely To be effective. Regarding the incorrect answer choices, those may work for assessing treatment drift a.k.a. procedural integrity.
Treatment drift a.k.a.…
Procedural integrity
Tommy’s mom says he eats his food quickly: he takes 12 bites of food per minute. What would be the estimated average IRT?
0.2 minutes
12 bites/minute
One bite/ 5 seconds
Five seconds
D.
If Tommy takes 12 bites per minute that would be 12 bites per 60 seconds – this is the rate. The IRT is the inverse of the rate. Therefore to calculate the I RT, we would flip the numerator and denominator and divide: 60 seconds/12 equals five seconds
Of the following which is the best definition of selectionism
Response becomes extinct as a result of the environment no longer selecting them
Organisms select traits that help them survive and as a result change over time
Life evolves as a result of selection with respect to function
Responses are naturally selected by evocative antecedent stimuli
C.
Life evolving with respect to function is the best definition of selectionism available in the answer choices. Regarding incorrect answers, consequences, not antecedents, select. Extinction of responses it’s only part of the process of some selection isn’t an organisms do not select treats. The environment does. Note: the real certification exam likely will not have any straightforward questions from the FK area on the task list. Rather it is the most basic information that may be incorporated into more applied questions from the other areas of the task list. The FK questions on this mock exam are considered bonus questions that fill in the place of the pilot questions they don’t count for or against you on the real CERT exam.
Christina put a toy in front of Judy on 15 different occasions. Judy approached the toy on 10 occasions and just walked away on three occasions. Given the opportunity, what percent of occurrence did Judy NOT approach the toy
87%
33%
20%
67%
B
Percent occurrence is calculated by dividing the number of occurrences by the number of opportunities and multiplied by 100. Judy approached the toy 10 times. 10 approaches divided by 15 opportunities equals .666 equals 67 Times 100 equals 67%. That she is not approaching the toy 33% of the time. 5/15 equals 33%
Josh has several treatments he thinks will be affective to teach prosocial behavior. After taking baseline data what is one way he can systematically arrange the treatments to determine which one has an affect on behavior.
He can implement one treatment and require a target response rate. Once the criteria is met, change treatments and require a new response rate.
He can implement one of the treatments for several sessions until the response which is a steady state, return to baseline and repeat for all of the treatments.
He can implement all of the treatments at the same time across several different settings
He can rapidly alternate several different responses and match a treatment to each response
B
The correct answer is an example of a withdrawal design. In this example, Josh is systematically manipulating one independent variable, treatment, at a time and evaluating effect on behavior, returning to baseline and then repeating the cycle controlling for extraneous variables while determining the effect of the independent variable on behavior. Regarding the incorrect choices, if you implement all the treatments at the same time, you can’t determine which have the effect; he needs to test all the treatments not just one at various levels; and if you use an alternating treatment design, you alternate treatments not responses.
Which of the following areas of behavior analysis have the primary function of developing, training and implementing behavior plans?
Experimental analysis of behavior
Applied behavior analysis
Conceptual analysis of behavior
Behavioral service delivery
D
Behavioral service delivery is when the behavior analyst work directly with clients to change behavior of importance to increase the quality of life for their clients.
Applied behavior analysis is the applied research. It uses principles developed from the analysis of behavior branch to solve problems of social significance. It develops the procedures that can be used in behavioral service delivery.
The conceptual analysis of behavior in forums EAB, ABA research and behavioral service delivery so that they are conceptually systematic. Note: the real certification exam likely will not have any straightforward questions from the FK area of the task list. Rather it is the most basic information that may be incorporated into more apply questions from other areas of the task list.
Of the following, which would likely be the least acceptable method for maintaining a clients behavior in a particular setting?
Recruit the manager of the local grocery store to give assistance, if necessary, to the client when the client is purchasing items in the store
Teach the parents of a child how to use intermittent weed for us meant to maintain the adaptive behaviors that were targeted in the behavioral plan
Inform the clients colleagues which of the clients behaviors are being targeted and teach them to differentially reinforce those behaviors
Ask the group home management staff to continue differentially reinforcing the clients adaptive behaviors that were targeted by the clients behavioral program
C
During implementation of a plan to address Bob’s skill deficits, his father move back into the house after a brief separation with his mother. Bob’s parents get into loud vocal arguments in front of him which seems to disrupt Bob’s progress. Of the following, which would be the best strategy for a behavior analyst to take?
The behavior analyst to take responsibility To facilitate transfer of responsibility to another provider if the clients need one immediately
The behavior analyst should recommend that other professional assessment and services be thawed for Bob’s father and mother
The BA should formally assess the parents interactions with each other while Strongly encouraging them to not argue in front of Bob
The BA should focus only on building Bob’s skills and not attempt to assess the behavior of Bob’s father and mother
B
Behavior analyst wants all residents of a group home to increase their cleaning behavior but is concerned that several of the residents may sabotage a group effort. Which would be the best group contingency to use
Independent group contingency
Dependent group contingency
Inter-dependent group contingency
A token group contingency
A.
If the behavior analyst is concerned with several members of the group sabotaging group performance, then an independent group contingency would be the best option. For an independent group contingency, a contingency is presented to the group and those individuals who engage in the target behavior will contact the continued consequence regardless of the behavior of others in the group
A BC BA is assisting an agency to reduce their clients last minute appointment cancellations. There is currently no strategy in place to reduce cancellations. What are the BC BA consider recommending first?
Look for a computer software that automatically sent that reminder calls to clients
Set up a monitor a performance improvement plan for the secretary to increase reminder calls
Train employees to implement a reward system for clients meeting appointments
Periodically offer trainings to clients regarding the importance of meeting appointments
A. There might be other things a BC BA would recommend for us but the Best answer choice available is to look for a computer software since this identifies environmental changes that reduce the need for behavior analytic services to begin with. Regarding the incorrect answer choices, maybe if the correct answer later proved to be in sufficient, then some of the other answer choices may be considered such as, implement a reward system but we’d want to assess if effectiveness of an award system before training the employees to implement it, if we even need them to implement it such as it could also be automated that’s reduce the need for a costly/unnecessary behavior analytic services
On average, Angel gets attention from making a funny face such as sticking his tongue out and crossing his eyes, every five minutes, regardless of how long it takes him. When Angel completes a simple matching task, on average he gets attention every 10th match, Regardless of how long it takes him. If the same attention is all that maintains both behaviors and both behaviors are equally effortful then of the following, which would Likely be the best prediction of angels behavior?
Angel will spend approximately twice the amount of time completing matching tasks as he does making funny faces
Angel will spend the same amount of time making funny faces as he does completing matching tasks
Angel will spend the vast majority of his time making funny faces and almost no time doing matching tasks.
Angel spend approximately twice the amount of time making funny faces as he does completing matching tasks
C.
The reason Angel will most likely spend the vast majority of time making funny faces and not completing matching tasks is because both making funny faces and completing matching tasks are on ratio schedules that angel can maximize his reinforcement, attention, by choosing to only make funny faces. This conforms with the matching law and is called exclusive responding that results from two competing ratio schedules we are one pays off more. Regarding the incorrect answer choices, the matching law would predict angel will spend approximately twice the amount of time making funny faces as he does completing Matching tasks, proportional responding, if both OPERANTS were maintained hy interval schedules of reinforcement, relative and absolute strength of response as a function of frequency of reinforcement and the lot
Steve’s intervention aims to establish a clients appropriate greetings at home and school. Which experimental design would be best to examine functional relations between an increase in his clients appropriate greetings and the intervention?
Parametric design
Multiple baseline design
An.AB design
Changing criterion design
B
Multiple baseline design is best when used with a reversal may not be possible And across to them or behaviors, participants or settings. Appropriate readings are not likely to be reversed if the natural environments support them and this is across to settings. Therefore requiring the incorrect answer choices, with drawl isn’t likely the best option. Changing criterion does not fit the goals of the intervention since it’s typically use for behavior is already in someone’s repertoire
The team is writing goals for a five-year-old and the response is listed below are considered for target. Which would be the best behavioral cusp to target first
Toileting
Imaginary playing
Reduce self stimulation
Manding
D
While all of the choices may help to increase the quality of his life, manding Is the best behavioral cost to talk at first as it can lead to accessing a variety of reinforcers
The therapist wants to test if Susan can say ball in the presence of an actual ball using stimulus equivalence. After she trains Susan to select the text ball when she sees the ball, which of the following should she do next?
Train Suzanne to select the text ball in the presence of the actual ball
Say ball after hearing the spoken word ball
Say ball after The therapist presents an actual ball
Say ball in the presence of the text Ball
D
Stimulus equivalence is the emergence of accurate responding to untrained and non-reinforced stimulus stimulus relations.. spoken word ball in the presence of a ball, following the reinforcement of responses to other different stimulus stimulus pairs – note the correct answer is the missing/middle step to demonstrating transitivity. We recommend students try drawing this on a scrap of paper to really see how it works. Regarding the incorrect answer choices, training her to bowl after the therapist present the ball is an example of TACT training not using stimulus equivalence.Saying ball after hearing the spoken word ball is echoic training
Behavior analyst is helping a teacher develop classroom management plan. If all students find pure social approval reinforcing, then which group of contingency with most likely be effective toward increasing all students performance?
Inter-dependent group contingency
Dependent group contingency
Independent group contingency
A group contingency should not be used
A
What is not a possible unwanted effect of using food as a reinforcer with a client
Is the food being used is candy or the sweets, it can cause Dental and/or health issues
The client may start seeking out the person who typically provides at the reinforcers.
If the food delivery is not delivered immediately following the desired target behavior, it’s possible that another undesirable behavior may be reinforced
Appropriate behavior it will increase
D
The teacher is instructing Sydney and Jackson how to name colors. Which of the following descriptions best demonstrates direct instruction?
The teacher shows the color brown to Sydney and ask her what color? The teacher than praise is Sydney’s correct answer. Next the teacher shows the color blue to Jackson and ask him what color? The teacher than praises Jackson is correct answer
The teacher shows the color blue for us to Jackson then to Sydney. The teacher then tells the students that the fastest want to name the color correctly get a sticker on his or her sticker sheet. Stickers can later be exchanged for items in the prize box
The teacher shows the color brown to the students then tells them that everyone can earn one sticker for a correctly naming the color but the fastest person to name the color correctly gets two stickers
The teacher shows the color read to the students and tells them the color then they all say the color when she pointed to it. The teacher then praises a student saying read simultaneously when the teacher silently points to the color red
D
Maureen has successfully taught her client how to use the toilet at home but not at school or other places. Of the following options which is the best course of action that Maureen should consider doing to ensure her client will use the toilet correctly and in places other than home?
You sequential modification to ensure that her client successfully use of the toilet and several of the settings
Program for correct toileting and several different settings until her client can demonstrate correct toileting independently in those settings
Train correct toilet used in several other settings until her client independently demonstrating correct toileting in an untrained setting
Program for a response generalization by making sure the response generalizes to new settings why is that wrong
C
The correct answer is correct because this describes programming for appropriate stimulus generalization with a skill that may be a behavioral cusp.
Response generalization is not done by making sure the response generalizes two new settings. That is stimulus generalization.
Sequential modification is not correct because this does not ensure a generalization. It is a little better than training and just hoping for generalization
Programming toileting in different settings does not directly program for generalization after demonstrating independence in just those train to settings.
