First Aid

Question 1

State the purpose of First Aid

Answer 1

Apply temporary measures to save life and prevent further injury 

Question 2

Cause and treatment of asphyxiation

Answer 2

Choking and trauma to the neck

Use the Heimlich maneuver

Question 3

Describe cardiac arrest

Answer 3

A sudden stop of the hearts functioning

Question 4

What are the two types of fractures

Answer 4

Open and closed

Question 5

What are the causes of shock

Answer 5

Fluid loss: Blood loss, dehydration, and burns

Question 6

Describe arterial bleeding

Answer 6

Bright red blood gushing/spurting out

Question 7

Describe venous bleeding

Answer 7

Dark red in color. A steady, even flow.

Question 8

Describe capillary bleeding

Answer 8

Dark brick red in color. Oozes out slowly.

Question 9

When is direct pressure used?

Answer 9

Used for all types of bleeding

Question 10

When is Indirect pressure used?

Answer 10

Used in combination with direct pressure and elevation.

An alternative method to control bleeding

Question 11

How many pressure points are there?

Answer 11

22

11 on each side

Question 12

What is a tourniquet

Answer 12

A constricting band placed around an arm or leg to stop bleeding 

Question 13

What are the causes of shock?

Answer 13

Loss of blood, traumatic injuries, burns, and gunshot wounds.

Question 14

What are the symptoms of shock?

Answer 14

Clammy skin, weak rapid pulse, thirst, and blue skin.

Question 15

What are the treatments for shock?

Answer 15

Move casualty to cover, elevate the feet, prevent chilling/overheating, and calm the person down.

Question 16

Describe electrical burns.

Answer 16

Electricity penetrates the skin and burns below the surface.

Question 17

Describe chemical burns.

Answer 17

When chemicals come into contact with the skin and destroy the bodies tissue.

Question 18

Describe a sucking chest wound

Answer 18

A penetrating injury that produces a hole in the chest cavity, causing the lung to collapse.

Question 19

Describe tension pneumothorax

Answer 19

Air enters the chest cavity through a hole in the lung

Question 20

Describe an open head injury

Answer 20

Exposed brain, deformed skull, possibly unconscious.

Question 21

How do you first treat a head injury?

(AVPU)

Answer 21

A- alert
V- verbal
P- pain
I- unresponsive

Question 22

Cause of hypothermia

Answer 22

Expose to rapidly falling temperatures

Question 23

Symptoms of hypothermia

Answer 23

Shivering, drowsiness, unconsciousness.

Question 24

Treatment of hyperthermia

Answer 24

Re-warm the patient, give the patient warm liquids, dry them off.

Question 25

Describe frostbite

Answer 25

Ice crystals form inside the skin

Question 26

Define heat stroke

Answer 26

More serious than heat exhaustion. 105 degree body temp.

Question 27

Symptoms of heat stroke

Answer 27

Headache, nausea, dizziness.

Question 28

Treatment for heat stroke

Answer 28

Apply cold water to the body. Move the causality to a cool place. Put them in a cold water bath.

Question 29

Describe heat exhaustion

Answer 29

The most common condition caused by working in hot environments. Disturbance in blood flow.

Question 30

Symptoms of heat exhaustion

Answer 30

Weakness, dizziness, headache.

Question 31

Treatment for heat exhaustion

Answer 31

Treat as if the casualty was in shock.

Question 32

What causes heat cramps

Answer 32

Caused by excessive sweating. And Drinking cold water too quickly.

Question 33

Symptoms of heat cramps

Answer 33

Painful cramps in the abdomen, legs and arms.

Question 34

Treatment for heat cramps

Answer 34

Give the casualty electrolytes. Massage the muscle.