First Aid Flashcards
(136 cards)
What’s the definition of Asthma?
Constriction of the muscle that controls breathing
What are the signs and symptoms for Heart Attack?
Pain the arms, neck, back or jaw
Trouble breathing, shortness of breath
Skin-flushed face, sweating
Pain-pressure or tightness in the chest and shoulder
Anxiety, fear, confusion, shock, fatigue, denial, indigestion
Weak-rapid pulse
What are the causes of Asthma?
Allergy
Exercise
Stress
What are the signs and symptoms of Asthma?
Red Face Cyanotic Anxiety Difficulty breathing Wheezing on breath out Chest tightness
What is the treatment for Asthma?
Comfortable position- rest/remove from cause
Try leaning forward slightly with the arms resting on some object
Determine History-check medical alert
Relaxed breathing- using diaphragm inhale through nose, hold, exhale through mouth and repeat
Victim assisted with medication (inhaler)
Contact EMS if it continues or victim is distressed
Definition of Hyperventilation?
State of over breathing
What are the causes of hyperventilation?
Exercise
Stress
What are things to watch for if hyperventilation has not happened before?
Watch for chest pain or other signs of heart attack or more serious problems
What are the signs and symptoms of hyperventilation?
High rate respiration, painting, gasping
Lightheadedness, weakness, headache
Tingling of hands, feet, and the area around the mouth
Confusion, unconsciousness
Treatment for Hyperventilation?
Reassure and try to calm the victim
Encouragement of pursed lip breathing
Phone EMS
What is pursed lip breathing
Lips are in a pucker position and victim blows air out in a slow, steady stream. You and the victim can do this together. Inhale through the nose, exhale through the pursed lips and focus on getting the air out.
What is the definition for Anaphylactic Shock?
A sudden and violent allergic reaction
Name 5 common causes of anaphylactic shock?
- Insect bites
- Foods
- Drugs
- Dust
- Plants
What are the signs and symptoms of Anaphylaxis?
LOC- Confusion, disorientation, unconsciousness
Breathing: Difficulty, wheezing
Tight sensation in airway
Generalized itchiness, rash (red), hives
Swelling of the face, lips, neck or area in contact with allergen
Nausea, vomiting
weakness, Dizziness
What is the treatment for Anaphylaxis?
Phone EMS
Ask victim if they carry an antidote kit-auto-injector-epipen
Help with auto-injector
Massage the area to dispense the medication
Monitor vitals
Treat for shock
Auto-injector disposed safely
What are the two types of auto-injectors on the market?
Epi-pen auto-injector-contains one pre-measured dose of epinephrine
Twinject auto-injector-contains two pre-measured doses. The first does is administered by the auto-injector and second dose is administered manually using the same syringe.
What are common allergens?
Food- peanuts, tree nuts (almond, hazelnut, walnut) Milk, egg Fish, shellfish Insect stings Mediccations
What are less common allergens?
Food- soy, sesame, wheat, sulphite
Latex
Exercise
Can you use another persons auto-injector on a person in anaphylactic shock?
No. Only use the victims auto-injector. Do NOT administer another persons auto-injector
Can you administer the medication to the victim?
Nope. Victim must self-administer the medication according to the manufacturer’s directions in the case of auto-injector.
What is the definition of Heat Cramps?
Muscle cramps due to dehydration. The body loses salt and water faster than it can replace them through food and drink
What are the signs and symptoms of abdominal and leg heat cramps?
Victim has been in hot weather and hot environment
Skin-sweating
Pain and spasms in muscles ( in legs and stomach)
Fatigue, dizziness, headache
Nausea
Shock
What are the signs an symptoms for muscle cramps from overue?
Pain in the muscle that has been working or exercising
Muscle twitching or spasms
What is the treatment for a cramp in the leg?
Give the victim cool water to drink/sports drink
Stretch the cramp/ massage/ relax it- walk it off
Advise the victim to eat foods that will restore normal body salt