First Aid

Question 1

Disease that affects small/medium vessels and causes fibrinod necrosis.

Answer 1

PAN

Question 2

Eosinophillic inflitrate with necrotizing vasculitis of smaller vessels. Associated with? (2)

Answer 2

Churg-Strauss. Asthma and Hep B

Question 3

Patient over 50 with grnulomatous inflammation of vessels, fever and headache?

Answer 3

Giant cell arteritis

Question 4

Wegner’s - type of giant cells associated with it?

Answer 4

Langerhan’s

Question 5

Most likely cause of poor feeding, agitation and cyanosis within first few weeks of life? Other congential heart defects that cause cyanosis early in life?

Answer 5

Tetralogy of fallot. (Transposition of great vessels)

Question 6

Congenital heart defects that present in adulthood?

Answer 6

ASD, PDA

Question 7

Most common cardiac defect?

Answer 7

VSD

Question 8

Infant presents with tachypnea, dyspnea and feeding difficulties. Intercostal retractions and hyperdynamic percordium?

Answer 8

ASD

Question 9

BP drug that is contraindicated if BP is too high?

Answer 9

nifedipine

Question 10

Lab finding in Takayasu’s

Answer 10

increased ESR

Question 11

Class III antiarrythmic that does not cause tosades de pointes?

Answer 11

Bretylium

Question 12

DCM post infection with S3 - Mechanism of heart failure?

Answer 12

Viral Myocarditis. Direct cytotoxicity via receptor-mediated entry of virus into cardiac myocytes.

Question 13

Causes of DCM

Answer 13

BCCCDEF
wet BeriBeri
Coxsackie B
Cocaine
Chagas
Doxorubicin
Fe

Question 14

MoA of familial DCM?

Answer 14

Anitbodies to cardiac proteins. Autosomal Dominant

Question 15

Ganulomatous DCM?

Answer 15

Sarcoidosis

Question 16

Cocaine cases DCM how?

Answer 16

Hyperadrenergic state

Question 17

Pt with claudication with smoking hx. What vessel affected?

Answer 17

Arteriosclerosis. Arteries (high turbulence)

Question 18

JVD that fails to subside with inspiration but no pulsus paradoxis, reduced end-diastolic volumes, and elevated diastolic pressures?

Answer 18

Constrictive pericarditis

Question 19

Cysic media necrosis

Answer 19

Degeneration of the tunica media of the aorta, a preexisting histo lesion in aortic dissection

Question 20

MoA of DOC for supraventricular tachycardia?

Answer 20

Adenosine. Very short actiing - increases K efflux - hyperpolarizing cell.

Question 21

NE - effect on HR?

Answer 21

intropic agent, but vasoconstriction will lead to reflex bradycardia

Question 22

Vasculature that does not vasoconstrict with NE?

Answer 22

Coronary Arteries

Question 23

Pt with poorly controlled diabetes and renal failure develops pericarditis. TX?

Answer 23

Dialysis. Pericarditis secondary to uremia.

Question 24

subacture endocarditis - microbes?

Answer 24

Enterococcus and Viridans

Question 25

Derivatives of Aortic Arches?

Answer 25

1) Maxillary Artery 2) Stapedial and hyoid 3) Carotid 4) Aorta and Right subclavian 6) Aorta and PDA on left

Question 26

Sharp high pitched sound in early ventricular diastole, followed by a decrescendo, crescendo murmur.

Answer 26

Mitral Stenosis. Sharp high pitched sound in early ventricular diastole, followed by a decrescendo (slow filling), crescendo (fast filling with atrial kick) murmur.

Question 27

Decrescendo murmur in early ventricular diastole?

Answer 27

Aortic/Pul regurg

Question 28

Sharp, high pitched sound in early ventricular systole, followed by a crescendo, decrescendo murmur

Answer 28

Aortic stenosis

Question 29

Sharp, high-pitched sound in mid ventricular systole, followed by a uniform murmur

Answer 29

Mitral value prolapse and regurg

Question 30

Antibiotic for strep viridans?

Answer 30

Penicillian G