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Private AE Cabin > First Aid/Immediate Care > Flashcards

First Aid/Immediate Care Flashcards

(53 cards)

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1
Q

What is the chain of survival?

4 items

A 
(Revised 2021)
Early recognition 
Early CPR
Early defibrillation
Early advanced life support
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2
Q

What are the 3 roles in a first aid situation?

A

1st responder- Act, get second person
2nd responser- get 3rd person, tell commander, PA for doctor, collect EMK for doctor if req’d
3rd responder- Get medical kit, eg O2/FAK/

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3
Q

What are the principles of immediate care?

5 points

A 
Asses the situation
Do no further harm
Stabilise airway, breathing and circulation
Give treatment within your skill level
Refer to medical help
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4
Q

AVPU checks for response.

It stands for…

A

Alert
Voice (responds to)
Pain (responds to)
Unresponsive to stimulus

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5
Q

Use the acronym AMPLE to asses medical history. It stands for…

A 
Allergies
Medication
Past medical history
Last food or fluid intake
Extras (any other info come to light?)
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6
Q

Handover of a patient uses MIST, stands for…

A

Mechanism of injury
Injuries
Signs and symptoms
Treatment given

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7
Q

CPR- ratio of chest compressions to breaths…

A

30 compressions to 2 breaths

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8
Q

Child and infant CPR requires…

A

5 rescue breaths

30:2 breaths to compressions

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9
Q

Nose bleed- treatment is…

For how long?

A

Pinch fleshy part of nose for 10 mins
Do this 3 times.
If it doesn’t stop, seek medical help

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10
Q

Swelling uses the mnemonic RICE.

Stands for…

A

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

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11
Q

Choking calls for…

A

5 back slaps
5 abdominal thrusts
Remember to check between each action to see if blockage has cleared.

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12
Q

A stroke is diagnosed using the mnemonic FAST. Stands for…

A

Facial weakness
Arms weak, esp on one side
Speech slurred
Time - get medical help asap

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13
Q

What are the 3 different bleeds?

A

Arterial
Veinal
Capillary

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14
Q

Signs/symptoms of shock?

A

Sweating
Cold clammy skin
Thirsty
Rapid weak pulse

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15
Q

3 types of burn

A

Superficial
Partial thickness
Full thickness

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16
Q

Signs / symptoms of a heart attack?

A 
Chest pain
Ashen grey
Difficulty breathing
Anxiety
Tingling in fingers
Feeling of impending doom
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17
Q

Types of burns are…

A 
Dry (flames)
Wet
Cold
Chemical
Electrical
Radiation (sunburn)
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18
Q

An infant needs CPR.

How many rescue breaths?

A

5

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19
Q

CPR - How deep should chest compressions be on an infant and also child?

A

Approx a third of the depth.
Infant - 4 cm
Child - 5cm

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20
Q

How do you treat a chocking infant?

A

5 back slaps with infant positioned head down.

If not successful, use chest thrusts, head still down.

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21
Q

Using the AED where do you place the pads for a child (aged 1-8, less than 25kg)

A

Front and back

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22
Q

After how long in the recovery position should a patient be turned over?

23
Q

What is a primary survey assessment?

Study These Flashcards
A 
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Dysfunction
Examination
24
Q

How do you treat a bleed from the ear?

Study These Flashcards
A

Dress but don’t block the ear
Treat for shock
Seek medical advice

25
What is Stridor?
High pitched grunting
26
What's the best way to manage an airway?
Head tilt, chin lift. Hand on forehead, two fingers under chin. OR... Jaw thrust. Kneel behind head, lift the jaw.
27
Hypoxia signs and symptoms
Early signs- confusion, disorientation, aggression. Rapid pulse Late signs - cyanosis of lips, mouth, neck, chest, under eyelids
28
If someone is struggling to breath, best treatment is...
Oxygen, sit upright, lean forward. Place hands on knees to open up chest cavity.
29
Where is the radial pulse?
Wrist
30
Where is the brachial pulse?
Inner side of the upper arm
31
How do you assess circulation?
Skin colour pale (often shock) Temperature- cold, clammy indicates poor circulation Capillary refill (press nail bed or heel of hand for 5 secs Pulse
32
What's the average pulse rate over a minute?
60-100 bpm
33
Shock - signs and symptoms
``` Rapid weak pulse, Pale clammy skin Slow capillary refill Nausea / vomiting Thirst Rapid shallow breathing Restless, anxious, aggressive Yawn/gasping for air Go unconscious ```
34
Treatment for shock?
Lay down, raise legs, reassure, loosen tight clothing, give oxygen, keep warm, check and record breathing/pulse, if difficulty breathing or vomiting, put into recovery position. Do not leave unattended.
35
Treatment of cuts - minor or major
Apply pressure Elevate limb Clean and dry wound Dress wound.
36
How do you treat internal bleeding?
Treat as for shock.
37
What is AVPU?
``` For checking consciousness level. Alert Voice Pain Unresponsive ```
38
What is AMPLE?
Used to pass Medical history/info. ``` Allergies Medication Past medical history Last eaten/drunk Extras (eg medical cards, jewellery) ```
39
What is the acronym MIST used for?
``` Handover of patients. Mechanism of injury Injuries sustained Signs and symptoms Treatment given ```
40
Heart attack signs and symptoms
``` Vice like pain spreading from chest to back, neck, jaw. Skin cold clammy grey Difficulty breathing Nausea/vomiting Sense of impending doom. ```
41
Angina signs and systems and treatment
``` Similar signs to heart attack. Rest and reassure Loosen tight clothing Continually assess Normally have their medication with them, if pain persists, suspect heart attack ```
42
Asthma signs/symptoms/treatment
Difficulty breathing, Wheezing rapid pulse, Restlessness, drowsiness, confusion. Treatment, sit up, preferably forward to allow lungs to open, help to use their inhaler.
43
Anaphylactic shock- signs /symptoms / treatment
Anxiety/widespread red or blotchy skin, puffiness around eyes, Stridor/wheezing, swollen upper body, signs of shock. Treat with their epi pen, if medic present, offer EMK.
44
Stroke signs symptoms and treatment?
Paralysis one side of body/slurred speech/ severe headache/ strong pulse/ confused/ flushed face/ pupils may be unequal/ loss of consciousness. Lay with head slightly raised, incline head to affected side for saliva drain, oxygen on, monitor breathing etc.
45
Unsure if hyperglycaemia or hypoglycaemia?
Give sugary drink
46
Food poisoning, signs symptoms and treatment?
Nausea, cramping abdominal pains, diarrhoea, headache, fever, features of shock. Give sips of water to keep hydrated, seat near toilet.
47
Hyperventilation?
Signs, rapid deep breathing, sweating clamp appearance, tingling, agitation. Treatment, calm and reassure, instruct to relax and slow down breathing.
48
Fainting casualty?
Pale cold skin. Lie them down, raise legs. Do not allow to stand until they've recovered.
49
What is the difference between "initial assessment" and "Primary Survey"?
Initial assessment is DRABC Primary Survey is ABCDE (Adds Dysfunction and Examination)
50
Administering medication to pax - what details do you write down?
Name of person Drug and dosage given Date and time administered Name of person who gave it.
51
What does CPR stand for?
Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
52
When can you stop CPR?
Qualified help arrives Casualty starts breathing normally Responder exhausted Crew take seats for landing.
53
For FIRST AID ONLY, what age is classed as an infant? And child?
Infant Under 1 | Child 1 until puberty

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