First Attempt Flashcards
(79 cards)
0
Q
杂耍
A
Acrobat
1
Q
Affluent
A
富有
2
Q
太空人
A
astronaut
spaceman or spacewomen
3
Q
鳄鱼
A
crocodile
4
Q
理发师
A
barber
5
Q
埃及
A
Egypt
Egyptian
Egyptian is a proper noun。it must be capitalized
6
Q
泰国人
A
Thais
7
Q
Some famous places around the world
A
New Delhi the Great Wall of China the Statue of Liberty the Eiffel Tower the Grand Canyon the Leaning Tower of Pisa Brooklyn Bridge Pike's Park
8
Q
We often use “the” before seas, mountains, rivers and oceans
In the name of mountain we use what?
A
Mount
9
Q
Names of festivals are also proper nouns
A
Valentine’s Day
Halloween
New Year’s Day
Thanksgiving Day
10
Q
曲折，缠绕
A
winding
winding trial
11
Q
伊利诺斯州
A
Illinois
12
Q
Should seasons be capitalized?
A
Seasons, such as winter, spring, summer and fall, do not require capitalization because they are generic nouns. Some people may confuse these words as being proper nouns and try to capitalize them using that rule of capitalization.
13
Q
Use “an” for?
A
Vowels
a, e, i, o, u
Exceptions for words begins with u
A uniform. A university
14
Q
Use “a” when
A
For consonants
Exception for words begin with “h”
An hour. An honour. An heir
15
Q
棒球棍
A
Bat
16
Q
Some plural nouns end up with es
Give examples
A
Beaches Branches Boxes Bushes Churches Dresses Sandwiches Witches
Ch, Sh, s, ss, or x
17
Q
Some plural noun end in ies
A
Butterflies Canaries Lilies Candies Strawberries
Y to ies
18
Q
What to do if there is a vowel before y?
A
Add s to the y
Chimneys Cowboys Days Donkeys Jerseys Toys Trolleys Valleys
19
Q
运动衫
A
jersey
Also an island in America
20
Q
金丝雀
A
canary
21
Q
if a noun ends in -f,
A
change f to v+es
Elf elves Half halves Leaf leaves Loaf loaves Shelf shleves Thief thieves Wolf wolves
22
Q
Some nouns that end in -f just need to add s to form plural
A
Chef chefs Chief chiefs Cliff cliffs Handkerchief handkerchiefs Roof roofs Sheriff sheriffs
23
Q
Some words end in -f can be spelled two ways in plural form
A
Dwarf dwarfs dwarves
Hoof hoofs hooves
Scarf scarfs scarves
24
Hoof
: the hard covering on the foot of an animal (such as a horse or pig)
on the hoof
（牲畜等）活着的，待宰的meat that is sold, transported, etc.on the hoof is sold, etc. while the cow or sheep is still alive
(informal)
草草地；顺便if you do sthon the hoof , you do it quickly and without giving it your full attention because you are doing sth else at the same time
25
Some words end in -fe, change the f to v+s
Knife knives
Life lives
Wife wives
However only add s to giraffe
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Usually words end in o we add s to represent plural
However for some nouns that end in -o, we add -es
Flamingo flamingoes
Tomato tomatoes
Hero heroes
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Some nouns end in-o, we can add -s or -es
Mango mangoes mangos
Mosquito mosquitoes mosquitos
Zero zeroes zeros
Buffalo buffaloes buffalos
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```
Some plural don't follow s rule
Mouse
Goose
Foot
Child
Man
Woman
Ox
Tooth
```
```
Mice
Geese
Feet
Children
Women
Oxen
Teeth
Mouse of computer can be mouses or mice
```
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Some plural same as singular
```
Sheep
Reindeer
Fish
Bison
Deer
```
Fishes as plural of fish when we are talking about different kinds of fish. All the fishes of Pacific Ocean
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Reindeer
驯鹿
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Bison
野牛
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钳子
plier
33
Nouns that are always plural
```
Binoculars
Heans
Googles
Pliers
Spectacles
Glasses
Stockings
Pants
Jeans
Pajamas
Shorts
Trousers
Sandals
Scissors
```
34
What is plural form of taxi
Taxis or taxies
35
```
Write to plural form:
Video
Piano
Radio
Hippo
Zoo
Photo
Zero
```
```
Videos
Pianos
Radios
Hippos
Zoos
Photos
```
36
Collective nouns
Are words for groups of people, animals or things
```
A family
A crew
An orchestra
An audience
A band
A choir
A class
A gang
A group
A team
```
37
Many collective nouns can be used as plural or singular
Give eg
Give eg of collective nouns that always take a plural verb
My family was/ were happy to see me
Cattle
The police
People
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A -- of musicians
A -- of chicken
A -- of fish
A-- of players
Band
Brood
School
Team
39
Brood
: a group of young birds (such as chickens) that were all born at the same time
: the children in someone's family
Think carefully
He brooded over his need to find a wife
Animal that kept for breeding
40
A xx of steps
A xx of keys
A xx of books
A xx of cards
Flight
Bunch
Collection
Deck
41
Flight
6 a : a continuous series of stairs from one landing or floor to another
b : a series (as of terraces or conveyors) resembling a flight of stairs
42
一群鱼
A school of fish
43
A xx of ships
A xx of sheep
A xx of geese
A xx of robbers
Fleet
Flock
Gaggle
Gang
44
Fleet
船队
快速飞过
a fleet runner
She is vey fleet of foot.
running fleetly
45
Flock
1 : a group of animals (as birds or sheep) assembled or herded together
2 : a group under the guidance of a leader; especially : a church congregation
3 : a large number
Origin: Middle English, from Old English flocc crowd, band; akin to Old Norse flokkr crowd, band.
First use: 13th century
2flock
intransitive verb
: to gather or move in a flock
46
Gaggle
鹅群
47
```
A xx of cattle
A xx of cubs
A zx of whales
A xx of wolves
A xx of lions
```
```
A herd of cattle
A litter of cubs
A pod of whales
A pack of wolves
A pride of lions
```
48
Herd
noun
A large group of animals, especially hoofed mammals, that live together or are kept together as livestock:
a herd of elephants
farms with big dairy herds
• derogatory A large group of people with a shared characteristic:
I dodged herds of joggers
he is not of the common herd
verb
1 [with adverbial of direction] (With reference to a group of people or animals) move in a group: [with object] :
they were herded into a bus
[no object] :
we all herded into a storage room
2 [with object] Keep or look after (livestock):
they live by herding reindeer
49
Litter
noun
1 [mass noun] Rubbish such as paper, tins, and bottles left lying in an open or public place:
always clear up after a picnic and never drop litter
[as modifier] :
a litter bin
• [in singular] An untidy collection of things lying about:
a litter of sleeping bags on the floor
2A number of young animals born to an animal at one time:
a litter of five kittens
3(also cat litter) [mass noun] Granular absorbent material lining a tray in which a cat can urinate and defecate when indoors: [as modifier] :
a plastic litter tray
4 [mass noun] Straw or other plant matter used as bedding for animals:
the plant burns discarded litter from poultry farms
• (also leaf litter)Decomposing but recognizable leaves and other debris forming a layer on top of the soil, especially in forests:
the spiders live in leaf litter
5historical A structure used to transport people, containing a bed or seat enclosed by curtains and carried on men’s shoulders or by animals.
• A framework with a couch for transporting the sick and wounded.
verb [with object]
1Make (a place or area) untidy with rubbish or a large number of objects left lying about:
clothes and newspapers littered the floor
the sitting room was littered with books
50
Cubs
1The young of a fox, bear, lion, or other carnivorous mammal:
she was as protective as a tiger with her cubs
a fox cub
• archaic A young man, especially one who is awkward or bad-mannered:
his sons are as yet mere cubs
2(Cubs)A junior branch of the Scout Association, for boys aged about 8 to 11:
she tells an anecdote about his wanting to join the Cubs
• (also Cub Scout)A member of the Cubs:
I was a Cub and already impatient to move up to the Scouts
51
Pod
```
4pod
noun
: a number of animals (as whales) clustered together
Origin: origin unknown.
First use: 1832
```
1 : a bit socket in a brace
2 : a straight groove or channel in the barrel of an auger
52
Pack
3A group of wild animals, especially wolves, living and hunting together:
a pack of wolves will encircle an ailing prey
• A group of hounds kept and used for hunting:
the lead hound gives tongue and the pack takes off, following the line of scent
53
Pride
3 [count noun] A group of lions forming a social unit:
| the males in the pride are very tolerant towards all the cubs
54
A xx if stamps
A xx of bees
A xx of actors
A set of stamps
A swarms of bees
A troupe of actors
55
Swarm
noun
A large or dense group of flying insects:
a swarm of locusts
• A large number of honeybees that leave a hive en masse with a newly fertilized queen in order to establish a new colony.
• (a swarm/swarms of) A large number of people or things:
a swarm of journalists
• A series of similar-sized earthquakes occurring together, typically near a volcano.
• Astronomy A large number of minor celestial objects occurring together in space, especially a dense shower of meteors.
verb [no object]
1(Of flying insects) move in or form a swarm:(as adjective swarming)
swarming locusts
• (Of honeybees, ants, or termites) issue from the nest in large numbers in order to mate and found new colonies:
the bees had swarmed and left the hive
2 [no object, with adverbial] Move somewhere in large numbers:
protesters were swarming into the building
• (swarm with) Be crowded or overrun with (moving people or things):
the place was swarming with police
56
飞蝗
Locusts
57
Troupe
A group of dancers, actors, or other entertainers who tour to different venues:
a dance troupe
a troupe of singers
58
Horses
Stud
1An establishment where horses or other domesticated animals are kept for breeding: [as modifier] :
a stud farm
[mass noun] :
the horse was retired to stud
• A collection of horses or other domesticated animals belonging to one person:
he kept a large stud of racehorses
• (also stud horse)A stallion.
A sting of ponies
59
A xx of coyotes
Pack of coyotes
60
A xx of hyenas
Cackle
61
Cackle
verb [no object]
(Of a bird, especially a hen or goose) give a raucous clucking cry:
the hen was cackling as if demented
(as adjective cackling)
cackling, whooping cries
• Laugh in a loud, harsh way:
she cackled with laughter
• informal Talk at length without acting on what is said:
corporate luminaries cackle on about the importance of quality
noun
The raucous clucking cry of a bird such as a hen or a goose:
ducks have a harsh growling cackle
• A loud, harsh laugh:
her delighted cackle
cackle: in phrases
cut the cackle
• [usually in imperative] informal Stop talking aimlessly and come to the point:
62
```
Masculine and feminine nouns
新郎新娘
公鸡母鸡
雄狮母狮
空服
```
```
Bridegroom bride
Rooster hen
Lion lioness
Steward stewardess
Waiter waitress
```
63
Emperor
Headmaster
Wizard
Empress
Headmistress
Witch
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```
Chicken
Cattle
Deer
Donkey
Duck
```
```
Rooster hen
Bull cow
Buck doe
Jack jenny
Drake duck
```
65
```
Fox
Goose
Horse
Lion
Sheep
Tiger
```
```
Fox vixen
Gander goose
Stallion mare
Lion lioness
Ram ewe
Tiger tigress
```
66
Host
Hostess
67
What is pronoun?
Pronoun is a word that takes the place of a common noun or proper noun.
I you we they he she it
Those are subjects
68
What is subject?
Subject is people, animal, place or thing that does the action shown by the verb.
69
Everybody. Everyone is singular or plural?
Always singular
70
Me you him her it us and them are also personal pronouns.
Those pronouns are used as the object of the verb in a sentence
The object of a sentence is person, animal, thing or place that receives the action shown by the verb
Give him the ball!
71
What is reflective noun?
Myself yourself himself itself ourself yourselves themselves
They refer to the person or animal that is the subject of the verb
Susan is looking at herself in the mirror
72
What is interrogative pronouns?
Who whom whose what which
These pronouns are used to ask question
Whose谁的
73
Who can be used as subject or object
Whom can only be used as object
Who are u playing with?
| Whom are u playing with?
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Demonstrative nouns
This these that those
75
When to use this that those these???
This and these used when we point to things near us
That and those used when we point to things farther away
These and those are plural
76
Subject to they
Them
Where are them come from?
77
围栏
Fence
78
Adjective
Adjective is a describing word.
It tells you more about a noun.
It usually appear before the noun it describes. Sometimes, through, the adjective appears after the noun, later in the sentence
