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Biology Year9 > First Booklet > Flashcards

First Booklet Flashcards

(79 cards)

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0
Q

What is a balanced diet

A

It is having the correct proportions of the seven main food groups

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1
Q

Name the seven nutrient groups

A 
Carbohydrates 
Protein
Fats 
vitamins 
Minerals 
Water
Fibre
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2
Q

Name good sources of carbohydrates

A

Sugars : lactose in milk

Starch: rice , potatoes pasta

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3
Q

Carbohydrates provide us with _________

A

Energy

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4
Q

What is the deficiency problem of carbohydrates

A

Starvation

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5
Q

Nam the good sources protein has?

A

Chicken , fish beans

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6
Q

What’s does protein provide us with ?

A

Growth and repair

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7
Q

What is the deficiency problem of protein?

A

Kwashiorkor

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8
Q

Name good sources of fat

A

Fried food Bacon and butter

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9
Q

What does fat provide us with?

A

Energy and insulation

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10
Q

What is the deficiency problem of fats

A

Starvation

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11
Q

Name two minerals

A

Calcium: milk and cheese

Iron; green veg and red meat

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12
Q

What are the uses of these minerals ?

A

Calcium: bones and teeth

Iron : red blood cells

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13
Q

Name three vitamins and their good sources

A

A: carrots
C : Citrix fruits and black currants
D: oily fish and eggs

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14
Q

What are the uses of these vitamins

A

A: good eye sight
C: healthy skin and gums
D: absorption of calcium for bones and teeth

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15
Q

What are the deficiency of the vitamins

A

A: problems seeing in low light
C: scurvy
D: rickets / osteoporosis

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16
Q

What are the deficiency of the minerals

A

Calcium : rickets

Iron: anaemia

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17
Q

Name the good sources of fibre

A

Cereals , wholegrain bread

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18
Q

What are the uses of fibre ?

A

Adams bulk to the food and keeps are gut healthy

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19
Q

What is the deficiency of fibre

A

Constipation and bowupel cancer

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20
Q

What are good sources of water

A

Any drinks and fruit and veg

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21
Q

What are the use of water

A

70% of our body is made up of water used as a solvent and a major transport .

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22
Q

What the deficiency of water

A

Dehydration

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23
Q

Wants is the definition of stroke

A

A sudden disabling attack caused by a interruption in the flow of the blood to the brain

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24
What is the definition of processed food
Refined with lots of additive s
25
If the nutrient is starch what is the test name ?
Iodine test
26
What the method for the iodine test
You add several drops of the iodine to the liquid or solid
27
What colour is it when u start and when u finish for iodine
Orange/yellow to blue/black
28
If the nutrient is sugar what is the test name
Benedict's test
29
What is the method at the Benedict's test !
Dissolve the food with water using a pestle and mortar and then add to a boiling tube . Then add some of the Benedict's solution and place it I a water basin for 2-3 mins
30
What colour is it when u start and when u finish for the Benedict's test
Blue to green to brick red
31
If the nutrient is protein what is the test name ?
Biuret test
32
What is the method for the Biuret test .?
Dissolve food into water using the pestle and mortar | Then add to a boiling tube and add some dilute sodium hydroxide and three drops of copper sulphate . Next shake
33
What two solutions do u use for the Biuret tests
Dilute sodium hydroxide and copper sulphate
34
If the nutrient is fat what is the test called
Emulsion or paper spot test
35
What is the method for the emulsion
Cut the food into small pieces and put in a boiling tube , add ethanol shake and leave . Fill a second test tube with water then carefully add some drops from the first test tube and watch
36
How do you do the paper spot test ?
You rub your food on grease proof paper and it should have mark on it if it contains fats
37
What is the result of the emulsion test
The water will become cloudy at the top if it contains fat
38
How much energy is in 1g of protein ?
17 kilojoules
39
How much energy is in 1g of fat ?
38 kilojoules
40
How much energy is in 1g of carbohydrates ?
17 kilojoules
41
Name the four teeth
Incisors Canines Molars Premolars
42
What is the definition of incisors !
Found at the back of the mouth and used to bite
43
What is the definition of canines
Found at the side of the mouth used for tearing and animals use then for holding prey
44
What is the definition of Molars and premolars
Found at the back of the mouth used for chewing and grinding
45
How many milk teeth do you get
20
46
How many is a full adult set of teeth
32
47
What is the start of the digestive system
The mouth
48
What is the second thing in digestive system
Oesophagus Is where the food goes down to the stomach by waves of the muscle called peristalsis
49
What peristalsis
A muscular contraction and relaxation moving the food through the oesophagus
50
What is the third place in the digestive system
Stomach food stays in here for up to 4 hours , glands I the stomach wall release hydrochloric acid
51
Where does the digestive system finish .
The small intestine , liver and pancreas - bile is made in the liver and stored in the gall bladder , bile neutralisers with the stomach acid , also it breaks up oil droplets into emulsion the pancreas produces a juice which contains enzymes to digest carbohydrates
52
What is another name for the small intestine and large intestine
Ileum and colon
53
What's the fifth thing in the digestive system
Absorption in the ileum - to pass food into bloodstream on the folds are thousands of vile and Microvilli increasing the surface
54
What are villi
Tiny like projections called villi each villi has a Microvilli which increase the surface area further
55
What happens in the large intestine
The water is reabsorbed back into the blood
56
What happens with the remaining material
Is is called faeces and is stored in the rectum before being passed through the anus .
57
What does excretion mean
The removal of toxic metabolic waste substances produced through chemical reactions in the body
58
What does hydrochloric mean
This maintains the correct ph for the protease enzymes to work and kill any bacteria
59
Name three features found in the ileum
Long length , thin wall, and covered in villi
60
Draw the diagram of the digestive system
Look at picture on sheet
61
How to calculate the energy
Rise in temperature times volume of water times 4.2
62
Draw a diagram of the tooth
Look at sheet
63
What is enamel
The outer covering which is really hard
64
What is dentine
Found below the enamel and contains living cells
65
What is the pulpcavity
Contains nerves and blood vessels
66
What is cement and periodontal fibres
Holds the tooth in socket
67
What happens if plaque is present In your mouth
Sugar is converted into acid by bacteria present in plaque In the mouth to drop . If it drops below 5.5 the acid attacks tooth enamel
68
What is decay
Is when sugar and bacteria in plaque mix form acid which attacks teeth
69
What is ingestion
Food taken into the mouth
70
What is digestion
Food broken down from insoluble to soluble substances
71
What is absorption
Soluble substances are absorbed into the blood
72
What is assimilation
Soluble products taken to cells and used
73
What is Egestion
Removal of food out of the anus
74
What is an enzyme
It speeds up a chemical reaction without being used itself
75
Name the main enzyme s
Lipase Amylase Protease
76
WHat is protease
Breaks down protein into animo acid s
77
What is lipase
Breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
78
What is amylase
Breaks down starch into simple sugar

Biology Year9 (1 decks)

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