First Exam

Question 0

Who studies fungi?

Answer 0

Mycologists

Question 1

Which organisms are most closely related to fungi?

Answer 1

Flies and humans ( animals)

Question 2

What are the five characteristics of fungi?

Answer 2

1. Cells have a nucleus.
2. They have a unique cell wall chemistry.
3. No chlorophyll.
4. Simple morphology.
5. Reproduce by way of spores.

Question 3

Who was the professor at UGA who described fungi as achlorophylous thallophytes whose somatic structures are usually filament out and branched. They can reproduce sexually or asexually.

Answer 3

Charles Mims

Question 4

What compound is found in the cell walls of fungi?

Answer 4

Chitin

Question 5

What other organisms contain some type of chitin?

Answer 5

Insects and crustaceans

Question 6

What is hyphae?

Answer 6

Tubular cells that make up a fungi.

Question 7

When was fungi noticed as its own kingdom?

Answer 7

Mid 1800’s

Question 8

What is Carl Woese known for?

Answer 8

Using RNA to identify extremophiles.

Question 9

What domain is fungi in?

Answer 9

Eucarya

Question 10

Slime molds are a type of fungus. T or F?

What phylum are slime molds in?

Answer 10

F

They are part of the Myxomycota.

Question 11

What phyla contain the water molds?

Are they considered fungi?

Answer 11

Oomycota

No.

Question 12

What characteristic of fungi were slime molds missing?

Answer 12

They don’t have cell walls.

Question 13

Why are the water molds not considered true fungi?

Answer 13

They have zoospores that have two types of flagellum and there cell walls contain cellulose.

Question 14

What are microsporangia?

Answer 14

A new addition to the eumycota that are small highly advanced parasites.

Question 15

What is a full network of hyphae known as?

Answer 15

Mycelium.

Question 16

What is the ring that fungi grows in the shape of known as?

Answer 16

A fairy ring

Question 17

What are the four characteristics that favor fungal growth?

Answer 17

1. Temperature above 32 but below 90 degrees Fahrenheit.
2. A pH between 6 - 8.
3. High humidity.
4. Subdued sunlight as direct UV light is toxic to fungi.

Question 18

What are 3 types of stimuli for spore production?

Answer 18

1. Change in day length.
2. Less food.
3. Change in moisture status.

Question 19

How do fungi asexually reproduce?

Answer 19

Spores produced by extension and cleavage of specialized hyphal cells.

Question 20

How do fungi sexually reproduce?

Answer 20

Spores produced after fusion of hyphae of two compatible mating types.

Question 21

What do fungal enzymes effectively attack?

Answer 21

Cellulose, lignin, pectin.

Question 22

How long has fungus been around?

Answer 22

For about 400 million years.

Question 23

What species are the blewits?

Answer 23

Nuda

Question 24

What is the name of the purple-ish mushroom that could kill you?

Answer 24

Cortinarius

Question 25

Where are the oyster mushrooms commonly found?

Answer 25

On dead hardwoods or grocery stores.

Question 26

What is the scientific name of the oyster mushroom?

Answer 26

Pleurotus ostreatus

Question 27

What can fungal enzymes do to lignocellulose?

Answer 27

Break it down into bioethanol.

Question 28

Some fungi can glow in the dark. What is this called?

Answer 28

Bioluminescence.

Question 29

What are the pigment and enzyme catalyst called that cause bioluminescence?

Answer 29

Luciferin - pigment | Luciferase - enzyme catalyst

Question 30

Out of all the estimated amount of fungi thought to inhabit our planet, approximately what percent have been described?

Answer 30

Less than 10%

Question 31

Who was the scientist that coined the term binomial nomenclature?

Answer 31

Carl Linnaeus

Question 32

Who wrote Systema Mycologicum?

Answer 32

Elias Fries

Question 33

At fungus causes Dutch Elm Disease?

Answer 33

Ophiostoma ulmi

Question 34

What is the name of the fungus that Mrs. Brewer discovered and named that is found on blueberries?

Answer 34

Exobasidium maculosum

Question 35

What are the reasons for changing the way we name fungi?

Answer 35

1. Sexual stage discovered. 2. Older name discovered. 3. Fungus originally misidentified. 4. Fungus reclassified based on genetic material. 5. Similar species are consolidated. 6. A conglomerate is divided into new species.

Question 36

Which is the most common way for spore dispersal?

Answer 36

Wind

Question 37

Give some examples covered in class of wind dispersed spores.

Answer 37

Powdery mildew giant puffball, and earthstar.

Question 38

Where is the most common place to have spores produced in mushrooms?

Answer 38

In the gills.

Question 39

What is a ballistospore?

Answer 39

A spore that is forcibly shot off.

Question 40

What make up the gills of mushrooms?

Answer 40

Basidia

Question 41

What do the spores of wind blown spore fungus look like?

Answer 41

Very small and thick, pigmented walls

Question 42

Name a fungus that spreads it's spore by the rainsplash method?

Answer 42

Birds nest fungi

Question 43

Fusiform rust, stinkhorns, stinky squid, and false truffles get their spores dispersed with what method?

Answer 43

Animals

Question 44

What is considered the fastest organism?

Answer 44

Pilobolus

Question 45

What is pilobolus also known as?

Answer 45

Hat thrower fungus.

Question 46

Pilobolus fungus moves it's spores using which method?

Answer 46

Self propelled. The spores are shot out.

Question 47

What is a zoospore?

Answer 47

It is a spore that is motile, flagellated spores.

Question 48

What phyla contain the zoospores?

Answer 48

Oomycetes and chytrids

Question 49

Late blight of potatoes is caused by what?

Answer 49

Phytophthora Infestans