FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS Flashcards
(30 cards)
Which of the following is an example of a closed system?
A. An open can of soda
B. Sealed bottled water
C. Vacuum Flask
D. Pressure Cooker
B. Sealed bottled water
The 1st Law of Thermodynamics is also known as _______.
A. Newton’s 1st Law of Motion
B. Law of Conservation of Mass
C. Law of Conservation of Energy
D. Law of Multiple Proportions
C. Law of Conservation of Energy
Any object at rest has _______ energy by virtue of its position with respect to other objects.
A. potential
B. kinetic
C. thermal
D. nuclear
A. potential
Which of the following is the SI (International System of Units) unit for energy?
A. J
B. cal
C. Cal
D. Btu
A. J
What specific instrument is used to measure the amount of heat that is
either released or absorbed in a chemical reaction?
A. Calorimeter
B. Thermometer
C. Odometer
D. Hydrometer
A. Calorimeter
“the ability to do work” or
“the capacity to do work or even
transfer heat”.
Energy
is the energy utilized to cause an object to move against an opposing force.
Work
is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies that are at different temperatures.
Heat
is defined as the energy of an object at rest prior to its
position (stored energy)
Potential energy
is the energy possessed by an object by virtue of its motion (energy in motion).
KINETIC ENERGY
is the portion we single out to focus on the changes in terms of energy.
SYSTEM
Everything that is not within the
system called the _________
SURROUNDINGS
The system and the surrounding are separate by a _________.
boundary or wall
_______ _________ is characterized by a free exchange of matter and
energy. Therefore, both matter and energy can flow from the system
to the surroundings or from surroundings to system.
open system
_________ ___________there is still a free exchange of energy but in terms of matter, the exchange with the surroundings is not possible due to an impermeable wall which not allows the flow of mass from system to surroundings and vice-versa.
closed system
_________ ___________ the exchange of both matter and energy to the
surrounding is not possible because of having a wall that is
impermeable and adiabatic.
isolated system
states that energy
cannot be created nor
destroyed but can be
converted from one form to
another.
The First Law of Thermodynamics
defined as the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C.
Calorie (cal)
1 Cal (nutritional calorie) =_____
cal (calorie).
1000
is the SI (International System of
Units) unit of energy which is equal to the work done by a force of one newton acting through one meter.
Joule (J)
is equal to the amount energy needed in order to increase the temperature of a pound (lb) of water by one degree Fahrenheit (1 °F).
British Thermal Unit (Btu)
One _______ ____________ _____ is approximately equal to the energy released by burning a match.
British thermal unit
is the process of measuring the amount of heat that is either released or absorbed during a physical or chemical reaction
CALORIMETRY
is the amount of heat required to raise its temperature by 1 K (or 1 °C) of 1 g of a substance.
Specific heat (c)
