first nations Flashcards
(23 cards)
What was the purpose of residential schools for Indigenous people?
To strip the culture from indigenous people by forcing children to act European.
What are Aboriginal people in Canada?
The first people to live in any nation, including Inuit, Metis, and First Nation tribes.
What does ‘Inuit’ replace?
Eskimo.
Who are the Metis?
Individuals of mixed Native and European ancestry who self-identify as Metis and are of Metis Nation ancestry.
What are Status Indians?
Those who have legal rights under the Indian Act, including rights under treaties.
What are Non-status Indians?
Individuals who have given up legal status as Indians but retain their cultural identity.
When is the term ‘Indian’ used?
Only in a legislative context, such as the Indian Act.
What does First Nation refer to?
A term used instead of ‘Indian’, recognizing Aboriginal peoples as nations on their own lands.
What was the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
It prevented further settlement until treaties had been negotiated with Aboriginal peoples.
What was the impact of reserves on Aboriginal peoples?
Limited ability to participate in the Canadian economy, resulting in lower living conditions.
What percentage of land is allocated for Indian reservations?
0.4%.
What were the disadvantages of the Indian Act of 1876?
Denied land rights, voting rights, and considered Aboriginal identity incompatible with Canadian citizenship.
What is a Potlatch?
A ceremony involving celebration and social exchange, vital to Aboriginal culture.
What are some negative aspects of residential schools?
Children taken from families, forced to abandon language, and criminal abuse.
When were Aboriginal children allowed to attend public schools?
Only after the 1990s.
When did First Nations people gain the right to vote?
In 1960.
What did the White Paper of 1969 propose?
To treat Aboriginal peoples like other citizens, abolishing special rights.
What was the Oka Confrontation?
A dispute over land expansion that the Mohawks considered sacred.
What did the Supreme Court acknowledge in 1993?
The concept of Aboriginal title.
What was the outcome of the Nisga People Land Claim in 1996?
Settlement entitling them to 8% of original claimed land and compensation.
What did the Supreme Court define in the Delgamuukw case of 1998?
Aboriginal title could be claimed if land was occupied before Canadian sovereignty.
What was the significance of the creation of Nunavut in 1999?
Resulted from the largest treaty ever negotiated in Canada, granting political control to Inuit.
What was the response to the 2002 referendum regarding the Nisga treaty?
Outrage among many groups, challenging its legality and implications.
