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Biology > First Quarter Test > Flashcards

First Quarter Test Flashcards

1
Q

Biology

A

the study of living organisms

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2
Q

Scientific Method

A

A method of procedure that has characterized natural science

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3
Q

Hypothesis

A

a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation

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4
Q

Data

A

facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis

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5
Q

theory

A

a supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something

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6
Q

biosphere

A

the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth

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7
Q

ecology

A

the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings

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8
Q

species

A

a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding

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9
Q

population

A

all the inhabitants of a particular town, area, or country

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10
Q

ecosystem

A

a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment

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11
Q

biotic factor

A

a living organism that shapes its environment

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12
Q

abiotic factor

A

a nonliving part of an environment that shapes its environment

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13
Q

climate

A

the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long

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14
Q

weather

A

the state of an atmosphere at a place and time as regards heat, dryness, sunshine, wind, rain, etc.

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15
Q

greenhouse effect

A

the trapping of the sun’s warmth in a planet’s lower atmosphere, due to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to infrared radiation emitted from the planet’s surface

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16
Q

autotroph

A

an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide

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17
Q

heterotroph

A

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances

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18
Q

food chain

A

a series or organisms each depend on the next as a source of food

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19
Q

food web

A

a system of interlocking food chains

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20
Q

population density

A

a measurement of population per unit area

21
Q

population distribution

A

the way in which people are spread across a given area

22
Q

immigration

A

the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country

23
Q

emigration

A

the act of leaving one’s own country to settle permanently in another

24
Q

limiting factor

A

a variable of a system that causes a noticeable change in output or another measure of a type of system

25
Q

demography

A

the study of statistics as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease

26
Q

habitat

A

the natural home

27
Q

resource

A

a stock or supply of money

28
Q

keystone species

A

the species on which species in an ecosystem largely depend

29
Q

symbiosis

A

interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association

30
Q

commensalism

A

an association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither nor harm

31
Q

mutualism

A

the doctrine that mutual dependence is necessary to social well-being

32
Q

parasitism

A

relationship between two species of plants or animals in which one benefits at

33
Q

atom

A

the basic unit of a chemical element

34
Q

nucleas

A

the central and most important part of an object, movement, or group

35
Q

electron

A

a stable subatomic particle with a charge of negative electricity

36
Q

element

A

a part or aspect of something abstract

37
Q

compound

A

a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements

38
Q

molecule

A

a group of atoms bonded together

39
Q

ionic bond

A

a type of chemical bonding that involves the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

40
Q

covalent bond

A

a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms

41
Q

cohesion

A

the action or fact of forming a united hole

42
Q

adhesion

A

the action or process of adhering to a surface or object

43
Q

chemical reaction

A

a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance

44
Q

reactant

A

a substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction

45
Q

product

A

a substance that is present at the end of a chemical reaction

46
Q

catalyst

A

a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change

47
Q

enzyme

A

a substance produced by a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction

48
Q

substrate

A

the surface or material on or from which an organism lives, grows, or obtains its nourishment

Biology (8 decks)

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