First Test

Question 1

What is temperature

Answer 1

lA measure of a substance’s internal kinetic energy

l[Simply stated] The degree of hotness or coldness of a substance, as measured on a thermometer

Question 2

What is Fahrenheit

Answer 2

lOf or relating to a temperature scale that registers the freezing point of water as 32° and the boiling point as 212° at one atmosphere of pressure

Question 3

What is Celsius

Answer 3

temperature scale that registers the freezing point of water as 0° and the boiling point as 100° at one atmosphere of pressure
lInternationally defined by absolute zero and triple point

Question 4

What is absolute zero

Answer 4

is the theoretical temperature at which entropy would reach its minimum valu

Question 5

Temp conversions F from C

Answer 5

lFahrenheit

–oF = (9/5 oC) + 32

Question 6

C from F

Answer 6

lCelsius or Centigrade

–oC = 5/9 (oF - 32)

Question 7

R from F

Answer 7

lRankine

–R = oF + 459.67

Question 8

K from C

Answer 8

lKelvin

–K = oC + 273.15

Question 9

Two types of temperature measures

Answer 9

lExpansion Thermometers

lPyrometers

Question 10

What is pressure

Answer 10

lForce exerted per unit area

Question 11

Measurements of pressure

Answer 11

lMeasured in psia, psiv or psig (other units include atm, in Hg, mm Hg)
l

Question 12

Atmospheric pressure

Answer 12

Atmospheric pressure at sea level is 14.7 psia, 0 psig, 1 atm, 29.92 in Hg, 76.0 mm Hg

Question 13

Absolute pressure

Answer 13

lAbsolute pressure (psia) = gage pressure (psig) + 14.7 psia

Question 14

Pressure Measuring Devices

Answer 14

lManometer
lBourdon tube
lBellows gage

Question 15

Why are measuring devices important?

Answer 15

numerous gauges and instruments that tell personnel the plants current condition.
- to keep safety

Question 16

what is THERMODYNAMICS:

Answer 16

The science concerned with the interrelationship between thermal energy and mechanical energy

Question 17

Whats are the types of energy

Answer 17

Stored–Potential (based on position)–Kinetic (based on velocity)
Transitional–Energy that is in the process of being transferred from one object or system to another. All energy in transition begins and ends as stored energy

Question 18

MECHANICAL ENERGY

Answer 18

Potential Energy (PE)–PE = mgh (metric) or PE = WD (English)
Kinetic Energy (KE)–KE = (1/2)mV2(metric) or 
KE = WV2/2g (English)
Mechanical Energy in TRANSITION:–Called Work–Wk = FD

Question 19

Three forms of energy transfer

Answer 19

Conduction:Heat flows from hotter to colder region when there is physical contact between the regions

Radiation:Mode of heat transfer that does not involve any physical contact between the emitting and receiving regions

CONVECTION:The mechanical transportation of a mass of fluid from one place to another–In the process of this transportation, all the thermal energy stored within the fluid remains in stored form unless it is transferred by radiation or conduction

Question 20

Sensible Heat

Answer 20

–When heat added results in the change in temperature

Question 21

Latent Heat

Answer 21

–When the heat added or removed results in a physical change of the substance

Question 22

Saturation Temperature / Pressure–Psat/ Tsat

Answer 22

–The point at which liquid and vapor may exist in equilibrium contact with each other

Question 23

FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS

Answer 23

Energy can be neither created nor destroyed but only transformed

Question 24

ENTROPY

Answer 24

Theoretical measure of “unavailable” energy. (That which cannot be converted to work)- Entropy increases in irreversible (real) processes

Question 25

Stop valves

Answer 25

used to shut off or partially shut off the flow of fluid ( ex: globe, gate, plug, needle, butterfly)

Question 26

Check Valves

Answer 26

used to permit flow in only one direction (ex: ball-check, swing-check, lift-check)

Question 27

Special types:

Answer 27

Relief valves– Pressure-reducing valves –Remote-operated valves

Question 28

Relief Valves

Answer 28

Used to protect piping system from excessive pressureOpens automatically when fluid pressure becomes too high (pressure acts against spring pressure)Relieving pressure set by an adjusting screw

Question 29

Types of pumps

Answer 29

Positive Displacement Pumps Non-Positive Displacement Pumps –Centrifugal –Propeller

Question 30

4 Phases of the Steam

Answer 30

``` Cycle Generation Expansion Condensation Feed ```

Question 31

Generation

Answer 31

takes placre in the boiler

Question 32

Expansion

Answer 32

Thermal heat coverted to mechanical energy

Question 33

Condensation

Answer 33

steam cooled turned back turned back to water

Question 34

Feed

Answer 34

moves water into generation chamber

Question 35

whatb is the carnot cycle

Answer 35

Every single thermodynamic system exists in a particular state. When a system is taken through a series of different states and finally returned to its initial state, a thermodynamic cycle is said to have occurred. In the process of going through this cycle, the system may perform work on its surroundings, thereby acting as a heat engine