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sustainability > First test > Flashcards

First test Flashcards

1
Q

Biodegradable vs. Non-biodegradable

A

vegetal/animal matter vs. inorganic matter like plastic, glass, metal

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2
Q

Persistent or nonbio-degradable define:

A

remains dangerous for a long time

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3
Q

Persistent or non-bio-degradable examples

A

plastic-straws and tin cans

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4
Q

Bi-accumulative define:

A

accumulates as it continues through the food chain

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5
Q

Eco-toxic example

A

used engine oil

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6
Q

damage to the environment

A

Eco-toxic define:

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7
Q

Carcinogenic define:

A

causes cancer

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8
Q

Carcingoenic example

A

asbestos

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9
Q

Biological wastes example

A

human sewage

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10
Q

Hazardous wastes examples

A

solvents used in paint, chemicals in some cleaning products

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11
Q

Need to embrace the 3 R’s:

A

Reuse, recycle, reduce

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12
Q

_____ and ____ is required to change the tide of waste in today’s world

A

leadership and education

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13
Q

Burying waste takes ____ centuries to decompose

A

several

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14
Q

Burying wastes often creates _____ gas

A

methane

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15
Q

methane gas is _____ and does contribute to ______ effect

A

explosive, greenhouse

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16
Q

Incinerating plastics creates toxic substances called

A

Dioxins

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17
Q

Hydro power doesn’t not produce what? (2)

A

emissions or solid waste

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18
Q

Hydro power concerns:

A

disrupt fish migration, displace people and wildlife

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19
Q

Most commercial scale dam sites have been constructed in what area?

A

The united states

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20
Q

Geothermal means

A

“Earths Heat”

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21
Q

Two main types of geothermal power

A

high-temp geothermal heat AND low-temp geothermal heat

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22
Q

Yellowstone national park is an example of what heat?

A

high-temp geothermal heat

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23
Q

Low-temp geothermal energy define

A

thermal energy from the sun is absorbed by the upper layers f the earth surface

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24
Q

Naturally occurring heat is used in two main ways:

A
  1. direct use 2. generation of electricity
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25
Q

Direct use of heat:

A

wells are drilled to bring hot water to surface

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26
Q

Direct use of heat: over ____ countries used geothermal energy

A

72 countries

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27
Q

____ is the world leader in geothermal energy

A

Iceland

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28
Q

over ____ percent of Icelands home are heated with direct use geothermal energy

A

93 percent

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29
Q

what is one of the cleanest cities in the world?

A

Reykjavik, Iceland

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30
Q

Downside of Geothermal electricity generating?

A

geothermal resolvers may become depleted

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31
Q

renewable energy source from biological material such as wood or waste

A

Biomass define:

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32
Q

Biomass examples:

A

wood, dung, and other bio mass materials used for cooking and heat

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33
Q

Biomass is considered to the be the ____ largest amount of renewable energy in the country

A

second

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34
Q

Bioconversion uses:

A

plant and animal waste

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35
Q

Bioconversion produces

A

biofuels, like natural gas and oil

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36
Q

_____ is now being used for ethanol distilleries to produce biogas

A

Corn

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37
Q

Corn is being used as a ____ crop

A

food crop

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38
Q

Green energy define:

A

produced in a more sustainable manner

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39
Q

guarantees electricity comes from sustainable energy sources

A

Eco-label define:

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40
Q

measure of impact of individuals and businesses have on environment and on climate change

A

Carbon footprint define:

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41
Q

Carbon footprint is expressed in what?

A

Tons of carbon dioxide that you contribute in a set time period, usually a year

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42
Q

Your personal lifestyle choices affects the carbon dioxide atmosphere? T OR F

A

True

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43
Q

You cannot _____ _____ your carbon footprint

A

Wipe out

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44
Q

imported electricity generated from qualified sources, meets standards defined in both importing and exporting country

A

Imported Green Energy define:

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45
Q

Carbon offsetting is a ____ concept.

A

popular

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46
Q

companiesor individuals “make-up” for the carbon dioxide created by their actions

A

companiesor individuals “make-up” for the carbon dioxide created by their actions Carbon offsetting define:

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47
Q

All human actions have an impact on the environment T OR F?

A

True

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48
Q

of a domestic sheep/long-haired goat, especially after having been sheared

A

of a domestic sheep/long-haired goat, especially after having been shearedFleece: Woolen Coat define:

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49
Q

a synthetic or polyester fabric that is spun into a soft weave for a range of uses

A

a synthetic or polyester fabric that is spun into a soft weave for a range of usesPolar fleece define:

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50
Q

Polar fleece examples:

A

outdoor gear, hiker gear

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51
Q

Recycled items have been given ____ lives

A

new/repurposed

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52
Q

most landfills contain more ____ than anything else

A

Paper

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53
Q

Most landfills contain about ___ percent of paper

A

40 percent

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54
Q

Compacted paper does deteriorate well? T OR F

A

False, it doesnt’

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55
Q

over ____ million plus ____ around the world

A

28, cars

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56
Q

over ____ percent of car components are now recycled

A

80 percent

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57
Q

Remaining 20 percent of car components that are not recyclable are called what?

A

Auto shredder residue, which most fills landfills every year

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58
Q

Can you use tires for other things once they are done being used on cars? T OR F

A

True

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59
Q

Are we able to recycle glass?

A

yes

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60
Q

Glass containers are crushed in a _____

A

cullet

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61
Q

over ____ percent of recycled glass is used to make new glass

A

90 percent

62
Q

Most plastic is ____ biodegradable and ____ recycled

A

not, not

63
Q

time required to decompose various items

A

Rot rate define:

64
Q

Plastic bags take ___ to ___ years to decompose

A

10 to 20 years

65
Q

Disposiable diapers take_____ years to decompose

A

75 years

66
Q

Styrofoam ____ decomposes

A

never

67
Q

Each american makes ___ pounds of garbage everyday

A

5 pounds

68
Q

derived from recent living matters

A

Biofuels define:

69
Q

Biofuels are made of what?

A

Potatoe skins, rice, wheat

70
Q

Inventors stopped exploring biofuel when they discovered _____ made gasoline and diesel cheap to buy

A

petroleum

71
Q

Some professionals feel planet is in an ____ overshoot

A

ecological

72
Q

greenhouse gasses absorb some of the heat and trap it near the earths surface, so earth maybe warming up

A

greenhouse gasses absorb some of the heat and trap it near the earths surface, so earth maybe warming upGreenhouse effect define:

73
Q

Damage to biodiversity can affect ____ of species

Climate change sometimes shifts theses ______ but for a number of reasons, plans and animals may not always adjust

A

distribution

distributions

74
Q

Materials removed from earth are needed to provide humans with what?

A

Food, clothing, housing- improving and upgrading standard of living

75
Q

Renewable resources examples

A

agricultural, forestry products

76
Q

Non-renewable resources examples

A

minerals, oil

77
Q

experts view by _____ over-population will occur

A

2050

78
Q

Economy, human population and earth’s ecosystem are _____ linked

A

definitely

79
Q

what effects one, affects another, change in one area effects another. T OR F?

A

True

80
Q

who was concerned about improper used of material and consequences to deforestation in first century AD?

A

Pliny the Elder

81
Q

In one of the first scientific publications in forestry, an individual named ______ coined the term ______

A

Von Carolwitzs, sustainability

82
Q

development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

A

Sustainable devlopement define:

83
Q

______ ____ _____ proposed a definition of sustainable development

A

The Bruntland Report

84
Q

engage in sustainable development nessecities, adopting, changing, or improving behaviors by 5 principles

A

Agenda 21 define:

85
Q

Agenda 21 5 principles:

A
  1. Precation (precent risks)
  2. Responsibility
  3. Transparency (make info available)
  4. Social & Technoglocial Innovation (move forward w it)
  5. Responsible citizenship (contribute to tasks)
86
Q

measuring success means capturing, analyzing and reporting ecological and social performance in addition to financial performance of an organization

A

TBL Triple Bottom Line define:

87
Q

who coined TBL term?

A

John Elkington

88
Q

Social justice and fight against poverty were added to the sustainability definitions ___ years after the ____ summit

A

10 years, Rio summit

89
Q

____ percent of CEO’S considered sustainability important to their companies success

A

93 percent

90
Q

shared values, beliefs, and work styles that define what is important to a specific organization

A

Organizational Culture define:

91
Q

There hasn’t been much interest in environmental management in the hospitality area until the development of what?

A

IHEI- International Hotels and Environment Initiative

92
Q

The IHEI was launched by who? and when?

A

Prince of Whales in 1992

93
Q

Tourism industry has been slow on uptake to positive action on sustainability T or F?

A

True

94
Q

Render means what?

A

To give over

95
Q

everyday in US, hotels discard ____ million in partially used soaps

A

2.6 million

96
Q

Water consideration is no longer trendy but is requred? T OR F

A

True

97
Q

reduced use of water, more then just plants, combines horticulture, interior design and environmental psychology to create indoor spaces that are welcoming, inspiration, and aesthetically pleasing

A

Plantscape(s) define:

98
Q

First fill in the blank?

A

Sustainability

99
Q

coined to describe boutique hotels on eco sites that are eco-friendly

A

Bouteco define:

100
Q

Success of hotel industry depends on ____ environment

A

clean

101
Q

two factors for change:

A
  1. increase influence of green investor

2. influence of environmental pressure groups on consumer behavior

102
Q

Green investor means what?

A

banks who want to limit exposure to environmental risks

103
Q

sustainability involves deploying innovations to achieve higher efficiency

A

Global Innovation Index define:

104
Q

2 sub indices of Global Innovation index:

A
  1. Innovation input

2. innovation output

105
Q

Individuals generally experience the following during tourism development:

A

euphoria, apathy, annoyance, antagonism

106
Q

2 types of energy:

A
  1. renewable-which is limited

2. non-rewneable- which by definition will sooner then later run out

107
Q

____ percent of energy used today in the world is produced using ___ energy

A

85, non-renewable energy

108
Q

Use of shading devices

A

Passive cooling define

109
Q

Passive cooling- tree types

A

decidous- leaves fall off every fall

everygreen-keep their leaves all year round

110
Q

energy consumption is reduced ___ to ___ percent as compared to conventional buildings

A

40 to 60

111
Q

_____ is greatest source of energy

A

Sun

112
Q

Do we see a growth in green training?

A

Yes

113
Q

Carbon offsetting has no ____ for certifying

A

standard

114
Q

achieving net zero carbon emission by balancing the measure amount of carbon emitted with an equivalent amount of offset, or buying enough carbon credit to make a difference

A

achieving net zero carbon emission by balancing the measure amount of carbon emitted with an equivalent amount of offset, or buying enough carbon credit to make a differenceCarbon Neutraility define:

115
Q

Steps for carbon neutrality (2)

A

implement emission reduction measures

data is important to start offsetting reducing any featured site

116
Q

Environemental Stewardhip define:

A

consumers becoming more and more supportive of businesses that are into this

117
Q

of staff from each area are on this team, monitor intivies implemented by hotels, highlight ideas for reduction or minimzation

A

Green team define:

118
Q

Recycling: Green =
Blue =
Brown =
Black =

A

Paper
plastics
food waste for composting
general mixed waste

119
Q

____ of worlds population has servere water shortage

_____ of that figure has no _____

A

3rd

sanitation

120
Q

About ____ million people die yearly of preventable water-borne diseases

A

3 million

121
Q

global consumption of ____ ____ doubles every ____ years

A

fresh water, 20 years

122
Q

____ appears to be the next _____

A

water, oil

123
Q

water that’s considered safe to drink, treated, cleaning or filtered and meets the needs of local established drinking standards

A

Portable water define:

124
Q

about ____ percent of total water available on planet is suitable for drinking and agricultural purpose

A

3 percent

125
Q

Agriculture contributes to almost ___ percent of total water consumption

A

90 percent

126
Q

___ rooms are the greatest users of water

A

guest rooms

127
Q

____ percent of water in hotels in linked to lodging and another ___ percent to food service

A

60 percent, 13 percent

128
Q

____ million cubic meters of water consumed in USA per year

_____ million cubic meters of water consumed in Europe per year

A

946

843

129
Q

____ resorts use more water

A

Luxury

130
Q

vegetation from local environment, native plants have adapted to indigenous climate

A

Naturescaping define:

131
Q

from greek word “xeros” meaning dry and combined with landscape to mean water efficient landscape design and practice

A

Xeriscape define:

132
Q

Xeriscape is generally used in what climates?

A

semi-arid climate with extreme temperatures

133
Q

____ percent of america’s streams millions of acres of wetlands across US are not clearly protected

A

60 percent

134
Q

gaining knowledge and skills has become an issue of death and ___ ____

A

financial debt

135
Q

use of renewables are maximized such as :

A

water, wind, sun, etc

136
Q

viewed as being of equal importance to financial capital

A

Biological capital define:

137
Q

____ percent of freshwater is used towards what?

A

Irrigation

138
Q

part of the current pressure on water resources comes from increasing demands for ____ ____

A

animal feed

139
Q

meat production requires ___ to ____ more water than cereal production

A

8 to 10 times

140
Q

US congress deemed that national parks were to serve as a ____ ____ for visitors

A

pleasure grounds

141
Q

rachel carson’s silent spring in 1962

A

dangers of environment pollution to human health, altered how ameerican’s perceived the environment and danger of toxins

142
Q

____ ____ marked the begging of modern environmentalism

A

silent spring

143
Q

increased awareness of other countries

A

Globalization define:

144
Q

views regarding environmental conerens

A

Generation Gap define:

145
Q

Ecotourism is the ____ ____ market in the tourism industry

A

fastest growing

146
Q

TBL- 3 PILLARS

A
  1. economic prosperity
  2. social responsibility
  3. environmental protection
147
Q

benefits of hotels and sustaiblie development?

A

cost containment and revenue enhancement, positive public image, and employee satisfaction

148
Q

Father of national parks

A

John Muir

149
Q

Club founded by John Muir

A

The Sierra club

150
Q

Father of national parks

A

John Muir

151
Q

Club founded by John Muir

A

The Sierra club

sustainability (1 decks)

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