First Trimester

Question 1

when is the gestational age

Answer 1

from the first day of lmp

Question 2

when is conceptual age

Answer 2

calculated from fertilization, 2 weeks less THAN GESTATIONAL AGE

Question 3

what is TVS (transvaginal sono) used for

Answer 3

to identify a pregnancy 1 to 2 weeks earlier than TAS

Question 4

what are the progression stages of pregnancy

Answer 4

embryonic period
fetal period

Question 5

when is the embryonic period

Answer 5

from fertilization +8 weeks= 10 weeks GA

Question 6

when is the fetal period

Answer 6

less than 10 weeks GA

Question 7

when is hcg produced

Answer 7

on day 28

Question 8

parts of the blastocyst

Answer 8

amniotic cavity
exocoelomic membrane
exocoelomic cavity

Question 9

decidua

Answer 9

is the transformed endometrium during pregnancy

Question 10

what are parts of the decidua

Answer 10

decidua basalis
decidua capsularis
decidua vera or parietalis

Question 11

what surrounds the membrane

Answer 11

amnion

Question 12

what is the double bleb sign

Answer 12

amnion and yolk sac

Question 13

when does the double bleb sign fuse

Answer 13

it fuses with chorion by 12-16 weeks

Question 14

when should chorioamniotic separation occur

Answer 14

by 16 weeks, can be a concern if not by then (anomaly)

Question 15

*what is allantois

Answer 15

it is part of the connecting stalk of the embryo

Question 16

what does allantois give rise to

Answer 16

the umbilical cord and bladder (urachus)

Question 17

what connects the embryo to the yolk sac

Answer 17

viteline duct (omphalomesenteric)duct

Question 18

what is another name for viteline duct

Answer 18

omphalomesenteric

Question 19

what is the chorion

Answer 19

a trophoblast surrounds the blastocyst and becomes the placenta

Question 20

how does the chorion appear

Answer 20

as an echogenic ring of the gestational sac

Question 21

what does the chorion secrete

Answer 21

human chorionic gonadotropin hCG

Question 22

what is the yolk sac responsible for

Answer 22

hematopoiesis an transfer of nutrients

Question 23

what is hematopoiesis

Answer 23

blood formation

Question 24

what does the yolk sac produce

Answer 24

alpha fetoprotein

Question 25

when is secondary yolk sac seen

Answer 25

5-6 weeks

Question 26

what is Meckle's diverticulum

Answer 26

outpouching of the terminal ileum in adults

Question 27

where does the intrauterine gestational sac lie

Answer 27

between decidua capsularis and decidua parietalis

Question 28

what is DDSS

Answer 28

double decidual sac sign

Question 29

pseudosac

Answer 29

associated with ectopic pregnancy

Question 30

how much does the gestational sac grow per day

Answer 30

1-2mm

Question 31

gestational sac without embryo

Answer 31

measure sac for GA- just inner wall to inner wall do not include the decidual fringe

Question 32

formula for GA

Answer 32

MSDmm+ 30

Question 33

formula for MSDmm

Answer 33

sac length+height + width

Question 34

weeks 3-8 the developing embryo is vulnerable to

Answer 34

teratogens

Question 35

what are the germ layers

Answer 35

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

Question 36

when do the germ layers develop

Answer 36

weeks 3-8

Question 37

what forms the CNS

Answer 37

neural tube

Question 38

when is organogenesis complete by

Answer 38

10 weeks

Question 39

what does the neural tube develop into

Answer 39

the brain

Question 40

what are the three segments of the neural tube

Answer 40

forebrain (prosencephalon) midbrain (mesencephalon) ***hind brain ( rhombencephalon)***

Question 41

spell other name for hind brain

Answer 41

rhombencephalon

Question 42

when is rhombencephalon seen by

Answer 42

10 weeks

Question 43

what is CRL

Answer 43

crown to rump length

Question 44

what is CRL used for

Answer 44

to obtain gestational dating

Question 45

what is the most accurate measurement during 1st trimester

Answer 45

CRL

Question 46

what do you exclude from CRL

Answer 46

extremeties and yolk sac, just measure head to butt

Question 47

when is CRL images

Answer 47

TAS by 6-7 weeks

Question 48

CRL formula

Answer 48

convert mm to cm add 6.5 =GA in weeks

Question 49

FHR is documented in what mode

Answer 49

M mode

Question 50

What should the beats per minute be for FHR

Answer 50

120-160 140 bpm average

Question 51

low embryonic/ fetal HR

Answer 51

pregnancy failure

Question 52

when can you scan TAS and what should be seen

Answer 52

when the gestational sac measures 20-25 mm fetal pole with heart motion should be seen

Question 53

normal fetal primitive hindbrain aka

Answer 53

rhombencephalon

Question 54

what is mistaken for fluid collection in fetal head and when is it seen

Answer 54

hydrocephalus usually seen at 10 weeks GA

Question 55

when is amnion seen

Answer 55

at 5-6 weeks

Question 56

what is NT used for

Answer 56

to screen for genetic anomalies

Question 57

what is physiological midgut herniation

Answer 57

intestinal enlargement herniates to base of umbilical cord

Question 58

when does mid gut herniation occur

Answer 58

between 8-12 weeks/ rapid growth of embryo resolves by 12th week

Question 59

what is physiological midgut herniation accused of

Answer 59

omphalocele gastroschisis

Question 60

when is a corpus luteum cyst seen

Answer 60

may be seen during early pregnancy

Question 61

what hormone produced from the corpus luteum maintains the pregnancy

Answer 61

progesterone

Question 62

trophoblastic cells of placenta take over until?

Answer 62

usually resolves by 12 weeks

Question 63

if cyst persists after 16 weeks what might it be

Answer 63

a simple cyst

Question 64

what is produced by the trophoblast

Answer 64

hCG

Question 65

what does the hCG stimulate

Answer 65

it stimulates the corpus luteum to produce progesterone and estrogen

Question 66

what sustains the pregnancy

Answer 66

the corpus luteum

Question 67

how are hCG samples obtained

Answer 67

blood and urine

Question 68

hCG doubles every____hrs

Answer 68

48 hours

Question 69

what is a blastocyst

Answer 69

product of conception