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Comm Development 1201 > First Words > Flashcards

First Words Flashcards

1
Q

When do is the single-word phase?

A

12-18m

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2
Q

What are the most popular categories of first words in 50% of 12-18m infants?

A
  • People
  • Animals
  • Toys/common objects
  • Body parts
  • Clothes
  • Foods
  • Social
  • Prepositions
  • Sounds
  • Descriptive
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3
Q

When do first words emerge?

A

10-16m

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4
Q

When do the first 50 words emerge?

A

18-24m (6m after first words emerge)

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5
Q

How is the distribution of the first 50 words?

A
  1. Nouns and pronouns: 2/3, first

2. Relational verbs: 1/3

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6
Q

When does the infant express 200 words and word combinations?

A

By 24m

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7
Q

What does the Overlap between Form, content and use represent?

A

Integration to understand and transmit messages successfully

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8
Q

What aspect of language does Speech sound disorder affect?

A

Form (phonology)

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9
Q

What aspect of language does Language disorder affect?

A

Form (morphology and syntax) and Content (semantics)

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10
Q

What aspect of language does Social comm disorder affect?

A

Use (pragmatics)

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11
Q

How do the 3 aspects of language apply to first words?

A

Form: how word is used
Content: word/sentences to express a variety of meanings
Use: variety of comm functions

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12
Q

When do infants demonstrate word comprehension for common nouns?

A

6-9m

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13
Q

What are the typical categories infants comprehend?

A

“Food” and “Body”

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14
Q

After how many repetitions do infants learn nouns for highly salient objects?

A

5

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15
Q

Around how many words do 10m infants understand?

A

10

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16
Q

What are the different word classes that early vocabulary comprise of?

A
  • Nouns
  • Verbs
  • Socio-pragmatic words
  • Words for routines/situations
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17
Q

What are the steps in collecting single word data?

A
  1. Gather
  2. Sort
  3. Analyse
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18
Q

What type of context does single word data sampling require?

A

Natural

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19
Q

What are the ways one can observe a child to gather single word data?

A
  • In person
  • Telehealth
  • Playing with parent, sibling, peer or yourself
20
Q

What are the pros and cons of gathering single word data by sampling in a natural context?

A

Pro: Spontaneous, natural
Con: Child may not speak

21
Q

What are the other forms of gathering single word data?

A
  • Caregiver report / interview
  • Diaries
  • Parent report tools
22
Q

What are some of the main parent tools for gathering single word dataa?

A
  1. Language Development survey (Rescoria, 1989)
  2. McArthur-Bates Communication Development Index (Fenson et al., 1993)
  3. Singapore Communicative Development Inventories: Words and Gestures (Tan, 2009)
23
Q

What are some of the features of the LDS 1989?

A
  • INCLUDES words not pronounced correctly
  • DOES NOT INCLUDE words child understands but doesnt say
  • parent writes down examples of sentences
  • 310w
  • 14 semantic categories
  • parents check off each word that child says spontaneously
  • identifies language delay at 2y
24
Q

What are some of the features of the McArthur-Bates Communication Development Index 1993?

A
  • 680ww
  • 22 semantic categores (+grammar)
  • Receptive and Expressive language
  • Gestures
  • Adapted in other countries/languages
25
Q

What are Phonetically Consistent Forms (PCFs)?

A

Not close in sound to actual word but used consistently

26
Q

When do babbles start to change to jargon?

A

Around 11-12m

27
Q

When do babbles/jargons disappear?

A

Around 20m

28
Q

When gathering single word data, what are the 2 other categories to consider?

A
  1. Gestures/signs

2. Sound shapes (phonological representation)

29
Q

Why are phonological representations useful?

A

Therapy

30
Q

How do we deal with the problem of caregivers not remembering words a child has said, esp aft 10-15wo mark?

A

Ask for key target words

31
Q

Why do we clarify single word data by asking caregivers?

A
  • Check that child really owns the word

- Ensure caregiver is not only reporting words said clearly

32
Q

What is Overextension?

A

One word fits all: same word refers to a number of different objects

33
Q

What is Underextension?

A

Same word as restricted concept

34
Q

What are the 9 early categories we use to sort single word data?

A
  1. Existence (ob)
  2. Nonexistence (ob)
  3. Recurrence (ob)
  4. Rejection (ob)
  5. Action (ob)
  6. Locative Action (ob)
  7. Possession (op)
  8. Attribution (op)
  9. Denial (op)
35
Q

What does Existence refer to?

A

Nouns or pronouns for labelling

36
Q

What does Nonexistence refer to?

A

Negation entailing disappearance/absence of object/event/expected action

37
Q

What does Recurrence refer to?

A
  • Reappearance of an object (more, another)

- Another instance of an event (again)

38
Q

What does Rejection refer to?

A
  • Refusal of object

- Opposing of event

39
Q

What does Action refer to?

A
  • Action verbs

- Movements of people/obj with NO change in location

40
Q

What does Locative Action refer to?

A

Verbs that describe movement of a person/obj from one place to another

41
Q

What does Possession refer to?

A

Particular object associated with a particular person - Ownership

42
Q

What does Attribution refer to?

A

Description of state of an object

43
Q

What does Denial refer to?

A

Negation of identity, state or event expressed in prior utterance

44
Q

What are the ages of acquisition of the less common first words?

A 
Eat, go, sit - 19m
Give me - 22m
More - 20m
All gone - 19m
Mine  - 19m
Wanna - 23m
45
Q

What are the 3 categories we have to further divide the 9 earlier categories?

A
  1. Productive (more than 3 words) - no need to work on
  2. Emerging (1-2 words) - caregiver’s goal
  3. Absent - therapy goal
46
Q

What is a Kangaroo word?

A

A word that contains a synonym inside it

Comm Development 1201 (7 decks)

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