First Year Flashcards by Binyameen Imran

What are the 5P’s of defib safety

Playtex
Piercing
Pendants
Pacemaker
Patches

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What are the shockable rhythm during cardiac arrest

PVT -pulseless tachycardia
VF- Ventricular fibrillation

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What are normal heart rate
**BONUS point **WHAT ABNORMAL

Normal = 60-100bpm
Tachycardia = 100+BPM
Bradycardia = 60 or less
Absolute bradycardia = less than 40

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What are normal oxygen saturation
***Bonus points **” what is normal for patients with COPD

Normal = 94% +
COPD = 88-92

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How to manage a active seizure
(A-E approach)

Protect head

A - airway (look + clear - suction + secure (OPA/ npa) + cyanosis check + remember mouth open/close

B- rr ( 15L 02 ) - sat not reliable when active seizures - prolonged + tolerating OPA = ? pop in igel ( ETCO2) + auscultate(?stridor= airway is shit = reassess)

C - pulse and cap refill ( BP+ 12 lead when possible)

D- GCS ( give time for them to respond)+arms symmetrically shaking + BM + TEMP + rashes + head injury assessment + pupils

T- time seizure = drugs

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What is the brudzinski sign for
And how to do it 🚨🚨🚨🚨🚨

1) meningitis

Flex the neck causes knee flexion
Works as this causes compression on the neck (spinal cord) therefore protective mechanism

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What is the glass test 🚨🚨🚨

1) meningitis test
2) roll glass or press on it if it disappears then less likely it’s septic otherwise it’s meningitis sign

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How do you place a 3 lead ECG dots

Ride your green bike
Red - arm(right)
Yellow - arm (left)
Green - leg (left)
Black (right leg)

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What is the lead placement for a 12 lead ECG

V1- 4th intercostal (right sternal boarder)
V2- 4th intercostal (left boarder)
V3- between 2nd and 4th
V4- 5th intercostal mid clavic
V5- 5th intercostal armpit line (end clavic)
V6- 5th intercostal mid axillary line

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What are the lead views on a 12 lead ECG

Lateral - L1 avl v5 V6
Inferior - L2, L3 avf
Septal - v1, V2
Anterior- v3, v4
Non - avr

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What is PPCI Criteria for STEMI🚨🚨🚨

Limb lead - 2+ lead with elevation in 1 small box plus

Chest lead - 2+ lead with elevation in 2 small boxes plus

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What are the basic test for a stroke

Fast
F - face ( droop )
A- arms ( strength - weakness)
Speech - ( slurred)
T- time ( onset) - 5 hour window

Within 5 hour alert to stroke centre 🚨🚨

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How does a paramedic test for a posterior stroke

AVVV
A - Ataxia ( your finger to there nose)
V- vomiting
V - vertigo ( dizziness)
V - vision deficit

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In a cardiac arrest what is required for effective CPR

Rate - 100 to 120 BPM
Depth - 5/6 cm or 1/3 of chest
Placement - middle of chest

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In BLS what is the cpr to breath ratio and for how many rounds ( adult)

30:2
5 rounds

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In BLS what are the primary interventions required for a child in cardiac arrest

Airway : neutral alignment in small child
5 initial rescue breath - reassess
15 compression to 2 breaths
10 rounds

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What is the minimum joules of electricity need for paediatric in cardiac arrest

4 Joules per kg

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What are the indicators for an OPA
2) how to size and insert
3) contraindications

Bonus point - how to insert in kids

1) airway obstruction
2) from insisors to angle of jaw - insert rotate locate
3) gag reflex

Bonus point - drop it in, don’t rotate and locate it - will push tongue to block airway

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What are the indicator for NPA
2) sizing and insertion
3) contraindications

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1) airway compromise and can’t give opa
2) nostril to tragus of ear or standard size 6/7 - right nostril insert and rotate ( avoid pushing against resistance )
3) not tolerating or basal fractures

What are the indicators for a BVM

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Respiratory rate above 30 or below 10

What are shockable rhythm in cardiac arrest

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Pvt
Vf

What are non shockable rhythm in cardiac arrest

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Asystole
Pea

When do you start CPR in children

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Heart rate below 60 BPM

What are BM reading ( temp)
1) normal
2) high
3) low

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1) 4.0- 7.0/8.0
2) 8+
3) -4.0

What are respiratory rates

1) 12 -20

When is the normal pupil dilation size

2-6mm

What are the two different types of choking

Severe a mild Severe there will be no talking or active coughing treatment: 5 black flows followed by five abdominal thrust Mild encourage coughing

What is the airway ladder

Head tilt chin lift Jaw thrust Opa Npa Igel Cric Et

What are the contraindications for a draw thrust

Broken jaw

What are the contraindications for a head tilt gin lift

C spine issue

What are the indications contradictations and sizing for an IGEL

Obstructed airway Gag reflex Based on weight - 4/5 standard size

Where are the placements for 12 lead ECG

V 1 - 4th r border V2 - 4th l border V3 - 5th mid 2 and 4 V4 5th mic clavic V5 - 5th armpit crease V6 - 5th mid axilla

What is axtaxia

Problem with cerebellum Coordination problems and or balance give task question or gait

What is GCS - speech, moter, eyes

4e spontaneous 3e to speech 2e to pain 1e no response 5v - relevant 4v - irrelevant 3v words 2v - sounds 1v - respond 6a - obay commands 5a - locerlises pain 4a - flex to pain 3a abnormal flextion 2a - abnormal extension 1a - no response

How to take an assessment for cardiac assessment (Year 1)

I - hands ( tar staining colour, pacemaker P - bilateral radial uses P - N/A A- n/a

Respiratory assessment ( first year )

I - chest bruising, barrel chest, accessory muscle rise and fall, tripoding P- equal chest rise and fall P- sounds A - auscultate - wheeze, crackle stidor

Abdominal assessment ( first year )

I - ssbhcj ( scaring bruising, hernia., jaundice, Cullen sign, swelling P- hypo/ hyper/ normoresinase Palpation - any abnormal masses - rigidity, tenderness, condition Pacific test A- bowel sounds

What is the joules you have to shock at for a Peds cardiac arrest

4j per kg

When can you confirm Pediatric /child cardiac arrest

No signs of life No heart rate - pulse Or heart rate below 60bpm

What is the CPR to ventilation during cardiac arrest and how many rounds Bonus points what's it for a pediatric

30:2 - 5 rounds 15:2 - 10 rounds

What is the CPR to ventilation during cardiac arrest and how many rounds Bonus points what's it for a pediatric

30:2 - 5 rounds 15:2 - 10 rounds

How do you run a pediatric cardiac arrest BLS

Confirm cardiac arrest - no pulse or below 60bpm 5 ventilation - reassess Pads on - see the rhythm and respond appropriately Start CPR 15:2 - 10 rounds

What is the concepts of CCC as part of the **chain of survival** in cardiopulmonary resuscitation

**Confirm** cardiopulmonary arrest **Call** for back up Start **CPR**

Why should you not do CPR to fast or slow

Fast = reduced heart filling time = limited blood flow Slow = reduced overall pressure gained ( limit CPR gaps to less than 5 seconds)

Why should you not do CPR to fast or slow

Fast = reduced heart filling time = limited blood flow Slow = reduced overall pressure gained ( limit CPR gaps to less than 5 seconds)

What is agonal breathing seen in some PT before cardiac arrest - what should you do of you see this

Irregular gasped breathing = attempts from brain stem to try to Oxygen = this is **not compatible with life** check ABC = start CPR

First Year Flashcards

(46 cards)