Fishes (L.2)

Question 1

Vertebral (spinal) column

Answer 1

bones, muscles, tendons, and other tissues that reach from base of the skull to tailbone

Question 2

Cartilage

Answer 2

tough, flexible tissue that lines joints and gives structure to other body parts such as ears

Question 3

Gills - lamallae

Answer 3

Gills - tissues used for gas exchange

Lamallae - thin flat scale, membrane, or layer

Question 4

Dorsal fins

Answer 4

unpaired fin on the back of a fish or whale, etc

Question 5

Caudal fin

Answer 5

Tail fin

Question 6

Jaws

Answer 6

the upper and lower bony structures in vertebrates forming framework of the mouth (contains teeth)

Question 7

Dorso-ventrally flattened

Answer 7

body is flat from both, lower and upper surfaces

Question 8

Pectoral fins

Answer 8

two fins located on the sides of a fish

Question 9

Placoid scales

Answer 9

Hard scale characteristic of sharks which protect softer tissues

Question 10

Spiral Valve

Answer 10

corkscrew-shaped lower portion of intestine of some sharks

Question 11

Olfaction

Answer 11

special sense through which smells (or odors) are perceived.

Question 12

Countershading

Answer 12

Camouflage colouration of many animals where their dorsal surface is darker than the ventral

Question 13

Oviparous

Answer 13

Egg-laying

Question 14

Claspers

Answer 14

Rigid structures on pelvic fins of male sharks used to hold onto females for reproduction

Question 15

Ovoviviparous

Answer 15

Egg-laying, yet appear to give live birth

Question 16

Viviparous

Answer 16

Able to give live birth

Question 17

Fetal period

Answer 17

Period of time spent as a fetus

Question 18

Ribs

Answer 18

Bones that protect the thoracic cavity

Question 19

Cycloid scales

Answer 19

smooth-edged scales found in lower order fishes, such as salmon

Question 20

Ctenoid scales

Answer 20

scales with comb-like edge (bass)

Question 21

Anal fin

Answer 21

unpaired fin located on underside of a fish posterior to the anus

Question 22

Pelvic fin

Answer 22

each of a pair of fins on underside of fish’s body, help to control direction

Question 23

Lateral line system

Answer 23

Strip of nervous tissue that runs lateral length of most fish

Question 24

Swim bladder

Answer 24

Sac-like structure that allows them to be buoyant

Question 25

Operculum

Answer 25

Bony plate that protects and covers gills of the bony fish

Question 26

Atrium

Answer 26

Receiving chamber of a heart (blood passes form here to ventricles for pumping out into the circulatory system)

Question 27

Ventricle

Answer 27

“Chamber,” function to pump blood out

Question 28

Nephron

Answer 28

functional units in the kidney

Question 29

Spawning

Answer 29

release or deposit of eggs

Question 30

Lungfish and mudskippers

Answer 30

Lungfish - type of bony fish that breathes air by sealing it into lungs Mudskippers - fish that are very similar to lung fish

Question 31

Bilaterally flattened

Answer 31

Flattened sides like a regular fish is, or can be dorso-ventrally flattened like a flatworm.