fission ect.

Question 1

Fission may cause

Answer 1

a chain reaction

Question 2

what is present at the end of fusion

Answer 2

a larger nucleus

Question 3

what is present at the start of fusion

Answer 3

two lighter nuclei

Question 4

how does the total mass change before and after in fusion

Answer 4

total mass before is larger than total mass after

Question 5

explain how the process of nuclear fusion leads to the release of what?

Answer 5

lighter nuclei join to form heavier nucleus and some of the mass is wasted to energy of radiation

Question 6

what does radioactive mean

Answer 6

a sample containing unstable nuclei which gives out radiation

Question 7

how can one alpha particle be represented (symbol)

Answer 7

4
a
2

Question 8

how can one alpha particle be represented (using helium)

Answer 8

4
He
2

Question 9

how can one beta particle be represented (symbol)

Answer 9

0
B
-1

Question 10

how can one beta particle be represented
(using electron)

Answer 10

0
e
-1

Question 11

Radioactive decay is _______

Answer 11

random

Question 12

what is the half-life of a radioactive isotope

Answer 12

the time it takes for the number of nuclei of the isotope in a sample to halve

Question 13

the half life _____________ as more and more of the nuclei decay

Answer 13

stays the same

Question 14

the first model of an atom was designed by who?

Answer 14

john Dalton

Question 15

the first model was theorised to be what?

Answer 15

a solid sphere

Question 16

carbon-13 and carbon-12 are isotopes the of the same element. what does this mean?

Answer 16

they contain the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 17

what is a beta particle?

Answer 17

a high speed electron

Question 18

what is an alpha particle?

Answer 18

2 neutrons
2 protons

Question 19

what is a gamma ‘particle’?

Answer 19

electromagnetic radiation

Question 20

what cannot alpha particles penetrate

Answer 20

paper

Question 21

what cannot beta particles penetrate

Answer 21

thin sheet of aluminium foil

Question 22

what cannot gamma particles penetrate

Answer 22

thick lead or concrete

Question 23

In order for unstable nuclei to become stable it needs to

Answer 23

emit radiation

Question 24

why are atomic nuclei unstable

Answer 24

too many nucleons (neutrons and protons)

Question 25

which radiation is most ionising

Answer 25

Alpha particles

Question 26

natural background sources include

Answer 26

rocks and cosmic rays from space

Question 27

manmade background sources include

Answer 27

fallout from nuclear weapons testing,
nuclear accidents