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histotechnology > Fixatives > Flashcards

Fixatives Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pH range when a formalin pigment may form?

A

below 6

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2
Q

What are the Clarke components?

A

absolute alcohol and acetic acid

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3
Q

What are the Gendre components?

A

Alcohol saturated with Picric acid, formaldehyde, acetic acid

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4
Q

What are the B-5 components?

A

Mercuric chloride, formaldehyde, sodium acetate

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5
Q

What are the Bouin’s components?

A

Picric acid, formaldehyde, acetic acid

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6
Q

What are the Carnoy components?

A

Chloroform, absolute alcohol, acetic acid

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7
Q

What are the Helly Components?

A

Mercuric chloride, potassium dichromate, formaldehyde

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8
Q

What are the Hollande components?

A

Picric acid, formaldehyde, acetic acid, copper acetate

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9
Q

What are the Orth components?

A

Potassium dichromate, formaldehyde, sodium sulfate.

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10
Q

What are the Zamboni components?

A

Picric acid, paraformaldehyde, phosphate buffer

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11
Q

What are the Zenker components?

A

Mercuric chloride, potassium dichromate, acetic acid

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12
Q

What are the fixtives for Urates?

A

Carnoy or ethanol

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13
Q

How to remove Mercury Pigment?

A

Iodine, then sodium thiosulfate

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14
Q

How to remove chrome pigment?

A

Wash tissue in running water before dehydration

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15
Q

How to remove formalin pigment?

A

absolute alcohol with picrid acid or 70% alcohol containing ammonium hydroxide (aka alkaline alcohol)

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16
Q

What is another name for formalin pigment?

A

Black acid hematin

17
Q

What are uses of Clarke Solution?

A

Blood smears and frozen sections

18
Q

What is the fixative also used as a mordant in Trichrome stain?

A

Picric acid

19
Q

What are uses of Methanol as a fixative?

A

Touch preps and blood smears

20
Q

What fixative is not good for PAS?

A

gluteraldehyde

21
Q

What fixative is used for pheochromocytomas?

A

Orth solution

22
Q

What is a secondary fixative used for EM?

A

Osmium tetroxide

23
Q

What fixatives are not good for silver stains?

A

Helly, B-5, Zenker

24
Q

What are the non-additive fixatives?

A

Methanol, ethanol, acetone

25
Q

What is the advantage of Zinc Formalin over Formalin?

A

Superior nuclear detail

26
Q

What are the actions of acetic acid?

A

Coag nucleoprotiens, cell swelling, red cell destruction

27
Q

What chemical is used to remove excess picric acid after fixation in Bouin’s?

A

50-70% alcohol

28
Q

What fixative is best for fats?

A

osmium tetroxide

29
Q

What fixatives are used to fix blood smears?

A

Clarke or methanol

30
Q

what are the non-aqueous fixatives?

A

acetone, ethanol, methanol, clarke, carnoy

31
Q

Bouin solution is prepared by combining picric acid with what?

A

formaldehyde and glacial acetic acid

32
Q

Fixatives containing chromate salts usually require:

A

washing in water

33
Q

Which of the following fixatives should be used when making a diagnosis of gout?

A

absolute alcohol

34
Q

Aldehyde fixatives are used for electron microscopy preparations because they:

A

preserve cell ultrastructure

35
Q

Which would be a good fixative for a silver stain?

A

glutaraldehyde

histotechnology (1 decks)

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